社会化阅读中的资本流动:文化资本与社会资本的效应与转化

基于资本理论和文化杂食性理论,通过分析585名读者22万余条阅读记录及15154条书评,探究社会化阅读中的文化资本与社会资本流动。结果显示,社会化阅读中两种资本之间存在同源对应关系和转化过程。通过分析,研究提出社会化阅读的新定位:作为一种资本转化的途径,帮助个人通过书评形式将文化资本转化为社会资本。文化资本存量多的读者可以获得更大的社区影响力,达到更好的传播效果,也更积极地参与社会化阅读。

柞蚕油分子蒸馏纯化工艺的研究

为了更好的开发利用柞蚕资源,以5龄柞蚕为研究对象,在超临界CO2萃取柞蚕油的基础上采用分子蒸馏法纯化柞蚕油,通过响应面分析实验确立了最优的柞蚕油分子蒸馏纯化工艺。通过实验得出柞蚕油最佳纯化条件为:温度15℃、压力为40Pa、离心转数300r/min,柞蚕油的纯度可达92.74%,分子蒸馏纯化工艺能够有效解决现有工艺中存在的问题,具有很大的应用价值。

基于生产实习的实训车间仿真技术应用探究

近年来,化工仿真教学已经普遍运用于化工专业的实践教学中,解决了实践教学中很多难以实现的教学内容,但化工仿真实习教学与真实生产实习还是有一定差距。基于此,以现有生产实训车间为载体,组建仿真工艺系统,精心设计并实践生产实习教学模式,通过多环节多步骤实践和考核评价,取得了很好的实习效果。

防止钢卷运输车钢卷侧翻装置设计

汽车运输钢卷是最常用的钢卷运输方式。在运输钢卷转弯途中,钢卷侧翻掉落事故时有发生,钢卷摔坏变形,轻者损坏路面,重者造成人员伤亡,给交通安全带来很大的隐患。针对这一问题,设计了一种有效降低钢卷运输车钢卷侧翻事故的装置,即防侧翻装置,若保持原限制车速,可大大降低钢卷运输车钢卷侧翻事故,且降低了急刹车时由于钢卷的惯性跳出鞍座的可能性。

冷喷涂铝/银纳米线复合涂层的海洋耐蚀防污性能研究

腐蚀和生物污损是海工装备长效服役面临的主要问题,也是海工装备防护的重点和难点。为此,提出了采用低成本水热法制备铝/银纳米线复合颗粒、利用冷喷涂的低温特性制备铝/银纳米线复合涂层的新思路,通过复合涂层成分和结构设计,构筑了致密的复合涂层;分别采用人造海水溶液和革兰氏阳性枯草芽孢杆菌评估了复合涂层的耐蚀和防污性能。结果表明,复合涂层的耐蚀性能与冷喷铝涂层接近,杀菌率为99.23;%。本研究为海洋耐蚀防污涂层制备提供了新的思路。

基于模态分析的海洋钻机井架结构动力修改

通过对450T海洋钻机井架的模态分析得知，该井架部分模态频率与转盘工作频率符合。为避免结构共振，基于灵敏度分析和结构动力修改的基本原理，分析了井架模态频率对部分杆件截面参数的灵敏度，在此基础上通过修改杆件截面参数完成了井架结构动力修改。结果表明，修改后井架的模态频率发生了改变，其中第3阶模态频率由3．43Hz上升到3．59Hz，第4阶模态频率由4．34Hz上升到4．49Hz，将有效改善井架的结构动态特性。

Heterologous expression of the Haynaldia villosa pattern-recognition receptor CERK1-V in wheat increases resistance to three fungal diseases

Wheat production is under continuous threat by various fungal pathogens.Identification of multipledisease resistance genes may lead to effective disease control via the development of cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance.Plant Lysin-motif(LysM)-type pattern-recognition receptors,which elicit innate immunity by recognizing fungal pathogen associated molecular patterns such as chitin,are potential candidates for such resistance.In this study,we cloned a LysM receptor-like kinase gene,CERK1-V,from the diploid wheat relative Haynaldia villosa.CERK1-V expression was induced by chitin and Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici,the causal agent of wheat powdery mildew.Heterologous overexpression of CERK1-V in wheat inhibited the development of three fungal pathogens,thereby increased resistance to powdery mildew,yellow rust,and Fusarium head blight.CERK1-V physically interacted with the wheat Lys M protein Ta CEBi Ps.CERK1-V/Ta CEBi Ps interaction promoted chitin recognition and activated chitin signal transduction in wheat.Transgenic plants with excessively high CERK1-V expression showed high resistance but abnormal plant growth,whereas plants with moderate expression level showed adequate resistance level with no marked impairment of plant growth.In transgenic lines,RNA-seq showed that gene expression involved in plant innate immunity was activated.Expression of genes involved in photosynthesis,ER stress and multiple phytohormone pathways was also activated.Optimized expression of CERK1-V in wheat can confer disease resistance without compromising growth or defense fitness.

第一性原理在热障涂层中的研究与应用进展

第一性原理作为一种不依赖经验参数的定量分析方法,能够大幅度缩减材料从设计到工程化应用的周期及成本,对热障涂层的研究具有重要的推动作用。总结了近年来第一性原理在热障涂层材料体系设计和界面结合优化等方面的研究成果,从热障涂层材料的结构稳定性、力学性能、热物理性能和耐腐蚀性能等4个方面,概括了第一性原理在界面结合功、分离功、电子结构、成键情况等方面的应用,揭示了杂质和掺杂剂对界面强化/削弱的机理,为热障涂层的深入研究提供了必要的理论知识储备.

Genotyping-by-sequencing of Brassica oleracea vegetables reveals unique phylogenetic patterns, population structure and domestication footprints

Brassica oleracea forms a diverse and economically significant crop group.Improvement efforts are often hindered by limited knowledge of diversity contained within available germplasm.Here,we employ genotyping-by-sequencing to investigate a diverse panel of 85 landrace and improved B.oleracea broccoli,cauliflower,and Chinese kale entries.Ultimately,21,680 high-quality SNPs were used to reveal a complex and admixed population structure and clarify phylogenetic relationships among B.oleracea groups.Each broccoli landrace contained,on average,8.4 times as many unique alleles as an improved broccoli and landraces collectively represented 81%of all broccoli-specific alleles.Commercial broccoli hybrids were largely represented by a single subpopulation identified within a complex population structure.Greater allelic diversity in landrace broccoli and 96.1%of SNPs differentiating improved cauliflower from landrace cauliflower were common to the larger pool of broccoli germplasm,supporting a parallel or later development of cauliflower due to introgression events from broccoli.Chinese kale was readily distinguished by principal coordinate analysis.Genotyping was accomplished with and without reliance upon a reference genome producing 141,317 and 20,815 filtered SNPs,respectively,supporting robust SNP discovery methods in neglected or unimproved crop groups that lack a reference genome.This work clarifies the population structure,phylogeny,and domestication footprints of landrace and improved B.oleracea broccoli using many genotyping-by-sequencing markers.Additionally,a large pool of genetic diversity contained in broccoli landraces is described which may enhance future breeding efforts.

Practical Green’s function for the thermal stress field induced by a heat source in plane thermoelasticity

The classical Green’s functions used in the literature for a heat source in a homogeneous elastic medium cannot lead to ?nite remote thermal stresses in the medium,so that they may not work well in practical thermal stress analyses. In this paper, we develop a practical Green’s function for a heat source disposed eccentrically into an elastic disk/cylinder subject to plane deformation. The edge of the disk/cylinder is assumed to be thermally permeable and traction-free. The full thermal stress ?eld induced by the heat source in the disk/cylinder is determined exactly and explicitly via the Cauchy integral techniques. In particular, a very simple formula is obtained to describe the hoop thermal stress on the edge of the disk/cylinder, which may be conveniently useful for analyzing the thermal stresses in microelectronic components.

A Peptidomic Analysis of the Potential Comorbidity Biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer’s Disease

Objective: To investigate the potential comorbidity biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: This is a randomized case-control study. There are three groups: 1) normal control group included 32 healthy elderly people in the hospital physical examination;2) 30 patients with T2DM group;and 3) AD group has 28 cases. On-line reversed-phase liquid chromatography separation, tandem mass spectrometry analysis and iTRAQ quantification were used for identification of peptidomic analysis, then detection of three comorbidity biomarkers might be associated with T2DM and AD by ELISA. Results: The Peptidomic Analysis of the potential comorbidity biomarkers for T2DM and the AD group includes Osteopontin (OPN), Isoform 2 of Histone H2Btype 2-F and Histone H4. These potential comorbidity biomarkers for T2DM and the AD group are significantly increased than normal control group. OPN concentrations are 1.67 (0.13 - 2.63) mmol/L in the normal control group, 3.15 (1.51 - 5.35) mmol/L in the T2DM group, and 7.66 (3.55 - 15.38) mmol/L in the AD group. Histone H4 concentrations in three groups respectively are 0.21 ± 0.036 mmol/L (normal control), 0.21 ± 0.046 mmol/L (T2DM) and 0.21 ± 0.034 mmol/L(AD). Isoforms 2 of Histone H2Btype 2-F are 1.73 (0.12 - 2.60) mmol/L, 4.71 (1.26 - 6.84) mmol/L and 9.30 (0 - 20.8) mmol/Lin three groups respectively. Conclusion: The inflammatory mechanism may lead to an increase of histone content in the urine of AD and T2DM patients. Clinical test of these potential comorbidity biomarkers Histones and Osteopontin would be the diagnosis of comorbidity AD and T2DM.

Rapid Disappearance of Testicular Plasmacytoma after Treatment with Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone

We describe a rare case of testicular plasmacytoma first manifesting as a relapse. The patient was initially diagnosed with IgG-λ-type multiple myeloma and treated with melphalan and prednisolone plus bortezomib, achieving a complete remission. Four months later, his left scrotum began to swell and pathological investigation of a needle biopsy specimen revealed proliferation of plasma cells expressing IgG-λ, confirming myeloma recurrence. However, bone marrow aspiration samples showed no significant increase in myeloma cells and there was no skewed deviation of the K/λ ratio on flow-cytometric analysis. The extramedullary tumors disappeared completely soon after treatment with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone, and the patient was judged to be in very good partial remission based on negative M-protein results by serum immunoelectrophoresis. This is the first report, to our knowledge, describing complete disappearance of a testicular plasmacytoma after treatment with lenalidomide as the key-drug.

YB/T063《面压式滑动水口》解读

本文从适用范围、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则等多方面对新版标准与旧版标准YB/T063《面压式滑动水口》进行比对和分析。主要对新版标准修订后的主要变化内容进行介绍,重点对修订前后变化较大的“分类、型号、基本参数和技术要求”等内容开展解读,为相关企业的研发、制造、检测人员提供参考,促进相关从业者更系统、全面、准确地理解和应用新版标准,对标准执行具有指导意义。

三聚氰胺衍生多孔碳/rGO吸波材料的制备及性能研究

利用高温碳化三聚氰胺泡沫(Melamin e Foam,MF)构筑多孔碳结构,再经浸渍-冷冻干燥-高温还原过程制备具有轻质、疏水和高效吸波性能的三维多孔碳/rGO复合吸波材料。所制备的三维多孔碳/rGO复合吸波材料的密度仅为7.6mg/cm^(3),表面接触角为125°,当氧化石墨烯(GO)浓度为2mg/mL时,反射损耗在频率7.8GHz处达到最小值-27.23dB,其有效吸收带宽达到4.42GHz,具有良好的吸波性能。本研究所制备的吸波材料能够满足新型吸波材料对于“轻质、宽频带、强吸收”的要求,并为制备低成本、低密度、轻质高效的多功能电磁波吸收材料提供新的思路。

YB/T074《冶炼用快速数字测温仪技术条件》解析

本文从适用范围、技术要求、试验方法、检验规则等多方面对新版标准与旧版标准YB/T074《冶炼用快速数字测温仪技术条件》进行比对和分析。主要对新版标准新增加的“范围”、“规范性引用文件”等部分进行介绍,重点对修订前后变化较大的“技术要求部分”等内容开展解读,为相关企业的研发、制造、检测人员提供参考,促进相关从业者更系统、全面、准确地理解和应用新版标准。

Effect of different doping elements on performance of Ce-Mn/TiO_(2)catalyst for low temperature denitration

Sm and Ho were doped in Ce-Mn/TiO_(2)catalyst respectively to enhance its denitration performance at low temperature.X-ray diffraction(XRD),N2adsorption-desorption,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),NH3-temperature programmed desorption(NH3-TPD),H2-temperature programmed reduction(H2-TPR)and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)techniques were used to analyze the structure and performance of catalysts.The results demonstrate that Ho doping increases the amount of acid sites and improves low temperature redox property of Ce-Mn/TiO_(2),which lead to excellent DeNOxperformance of Ho-Ce-Mn/TiO_(2)in the whole reaction temperature range.Sm doping results in decline of redox property,but it is beneficial to increasing the acid sites of Ce-Mn/TiO_(2).The increased surface acid sites and moderate oxidative ability impart Sm-Ce-Mn/TiO_(2)higher denitration activity and N2selectivity at temperature above 150℃.Lewis acid sites and redox property are the main factors affecting the activity of catalysts.Doping of Ho and Sm both improves sulfur resistance performance of Ce-Mn/TiO_(2)by inhibiting the adsorption of SO_(2)and formation of sulfate.Ce-Mn/TiO_(2)modified by Ho shows better sulfur resistance than that doped with Sm because of its more surface acid sites.

电磁托圈式下渣检测系统研发

基于电磁检测技术,研发了一种连铸大包电磁托圈式下渣检测系统。该系统采用长水口托圈与传感器一体化设计,传感器只需要安装在长水口操作臂上即可。该系统具有抗外界干扰强、下渣检测精度高、钢水与钢渣区分灵敏度高等特点。现场考核结果表明,该系统运行稳定性高,便于操作与维护,能提高钢水收得率和铸坯产品质量,具有广泛的推广应用前景。

Golgi-localized MORN1 promotes lipid droplet abundance and enhances tolerance to multiple stresses in Arabidopsis

Lipid droplet(LD)in vegetative tissues has recently been implicated in environmental responses in plants,but its regulation and its function in stress tolerance are not well understood.Here,we identified a Membrane Occupation and Recognition Nexus 1(MORN1)gene as a contributor to natural variations of stress tolerance through genome-wide association study in Arabidopsis thaliana.Characterization of its loss-of-function mutant and natural variants revealed that the MORN1 gene is a positive regulator of plant growth,disease resistance,cold tolerance,and heat tolerance.The MORN1 protein is associated with the Golgi and is also partly associated with LD.Protein truncations that disrupt these associations abolished the biological function of the MORN1 protein.Furthermore,the MORN1 gene is a positive regulator of LD abundance,and its role in LD number regulation and stress tolerance is highly linked.Therefore,this study identifies MORN1 as a positive regulator of LD abundance and a contributor to natural variations of stress tolerance.It implicates a potential involvement of Golgi in LD biogenesis and strongly suggests a contribution of LD to diverse processes of plant growth and stress responses.

明义士的甲骨收藏与“朋友圈”

明义士,加拿大的传教士,外国研究殷墟甲骨第一人。其旧藏于北京华北联合语言学校的约两万片甲骨,构成了故宫博物院的主要甲骨收藏。在北京任教期间,以甲骨研究为媒介,明义士结识了马衡、容庚、商承祚等学者。