Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy inhibits aquaporin 4 and adrenocorticotropic hormone expression in the pituitary gland of rabbits with blast-induced craniocerebral injury

In the present study, rabbits were treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 1 hour after detonator-blastinduced craniocerebral injury. Immunohistochemistry showed significantly reduced aquaporin 4 expression and adrenocorticotropic hormone expression in the pituitary gland of rabbits with craniocerebral injury. Aquaporin 4 expression was positively correlated with adrenocorticotropic hormone expression. These findings indicate that early hyperbaric oxygen therapy may suppress adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion by inhibiting aquaporin 4 expression.

Apoptosis-related protein expression in rabbits with blast brain injury following early hyperbaric oxygen therapy

We treated detonator-explosion-induced craniocerebral injury in rabbits with hyperbaric oxygen 1 24 hours post-injury. Expression of the apoptosis-regulating protein cytochrome c, the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and the apoptosis marker caspase-3 in the tissues surrounding the area of injury was significantly reduced, while that of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased. Our findings indicate that the curative effects of early hyperbaric oxygen on cortical cell apoptosis is associated with suppression of cytochrome c release from mitochondria. This mechanism underlies the observed reduction in Bax expression and upregulation of Bcl-2 expression.

The selection rules of acupoints and meridians of traditional acupuncture for postoperative nausea and vomiting:a data mining-based literature study

Background:Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)refers to a problem commonly occurring after surgery.Acupuncture is considered a critical complementary alternative therapy for PONV.The acupoints selection critically determines the efficacy of acupuncture,whereas the selection rules remain unclear.The objective of the present study was to delve into the principles of acupoints selection for PONV using data mining technology.Methods:The clinical trials assessing the acupuncture effect for PONV were searched with the use of computer in PubMed,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,and Chinese Biomedical Database;the time span was confined as 2009–2019.The database of acupuncture prescriptions for PONV was built using Excel 2016;the description and association were analyzed by IBM SPSS modeler 18.Result:Eighty-three relevant literatures were screened out.The number of specific acupoints took up 72.5%of all acupoints;specific acupoints exhibited the frequency taking up 91.30%of the total frequency.As revealed from the result,Neiguan(PC 6),Zusanli(ST 36),Hegu(LI 4),and Zhongwan(CV 12)were most frequently applied,suggesting the tightest associations.Most acupoints were taken from the stomach meridian and pericardium meridian.The common acupoints were concentrated in the lower limbs,chest,as well as abdomen.Conclusion:Data mining acts as a feasible method to identify acupoints selection and compatibility characteristics.As suggested from our study,the acupoints selection for PONV prioritizes specific acupoints and related meridians.The selection and combination of acupoints comply with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

Qiming granule in treating type 2 diabetic kidney disease patients:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background:Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a chronic renal microvascular complication associated with abnormal glucose metabolism.According to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,Qi and Yin deficiency with blood stasis(the name of TCM symptoms,its main clinical features are fatigue,dry mouth,red or pale tongue,weak pulse,etc.)is the primary TCM syndrome of DKD,and Qiming granule(QMG)is suitable for the treatment of Qi and Yin deficiency with blood stasis syndrome.In view of this,we designed a randomized controlled trial to assess whether QMG is efficacious and safe in treating DKD patients.Methods:This protocol is for a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,parallel group,six-centre clinical trial.A total of 180 participants will be randomized into the QMG group or placebo group,with a 1:1 ratio.The study will last for 50 weeks,including a 2-week run-in period,24 weeks of intervention,and 24 weeks of follow-up.The experimental intervention will be QMG,and the control intervention will be a placebo.The primary outcome will be the 24h urinary albumin excretion ratio and the change in the albumin-to-creatinine ratio.The secondary outcome will be evaluation of renal function,fundus changes,management of blood lipids,TCM symptom improvement and safety assessments.Adverse events will be recorded during the trial.Discussion:This study is a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness and safety of QMG for DKD patients.The findings of this study will help to provide evidence-based recommendations in treating DKD patients.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,ChiCTR-TRC-12002953.Registered 23 December 2012.

Clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of Chinese medicines for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy

糖尿病视网膜病变是导致患者视力损害和失明的主要原因之一.目前,由于抗VEGF制剂、类固醇激素、激光光凝和玻璃体手术在治疗糖尿病视网膜病变中的局限性,使得人们越来越重视中医药在糖尿病视网膜病变中的治疗作用.本文就中药配方（包括复方制剂、专利药和古方）的组成及其特点,中药在糖尿病视网膜病变中临床应用及作用机制方面的研究进行综述.由于中药的复杂性,关于中药的作用机制、副作用以及药物之间的相互作用等方面的问题,需要进一步深入的研究.中医药可防止病变进一步发展和恶化,保护残余视力,延缓病变发展;在糖尿病视网膜病变的预防和治疗中存在显著优势.