Effects of Supplemented Shengmai San (SMS) on Blood Biochemistry and HSP72 Expression in Peripheral Blood of Flying-saucer Athletes before and after High Temperature Training

Objective:The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of supplemented Shengmai San on the expression of heat shock protein 72(HSP72)and blood biochemistry in peripheral blood of flying-saucer athletes before and after high temperature training,so as to provide experimental basis for enhancing thermal endurance and preventing heat disease of flying-saucer athletes with anti-heat disease drugs.Methods:24 flying-saucer athletes from Zhejiang province were selected and divided into two groups,including control group and traditional Chinese medicine group with 12 people in each group.Among them,those who did not drink supplemented Shengmai San were in the control group,while those who drank it were in the traditional Chinese medicine group.During summer training,high temperature training task was carried out for 2 weeks.Flying-saucer athletes in traditional Chinese medicine group were given supplemented Shengmai San before training every morning and afternoon.Peripheral venous blood of each group was extracted before experiment and 2 weeks later and lymphocyte HSP72 content,blood routine and biochemical indexes were determined respectively.Results:Before the experiment,there were no abnormal phenomenon blood routine,biochemical test value and HSP72 expression in the control group and the traditional Chinese medicine group.After comparison,there was no significant difference(P>0.05).After the high temperature training,the expression of HSP72 in the Chinese medicine group was significantly higher than that before the training and control group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in white blood cell count before and after the experiment(P<0.05).Conclusion:Taking supplemented Shengmai San can significantly increase expression of HSP72 in up-regulation of flying saucer athletes after thermal stimulation,thus enhancing thermal tolerance and preventing thermal diseases.

古萤叶甲属Furusawaia二新种记述(鞘翅目:叶甲科)

Furusawaia Chûjô属全世界已知7种,仅分布于中国云南、四川、台湾地区,是中国特有属。本文描记采自云南的古萤叶甲属2新种:F. yangi sp.nov.和F. gaoligongensis sp. nov.,文中还提供了该属的名录,编制了该属的分种检索表。

Recent progress in ternary mixed matrix membranes for CO_(2) separation

Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs)could combine the advantages of both polymeric membranes and porousfillers,making them an effective alternative to conventional polymer membranes.However,interfacial incompatibility issues,such as the presence of interfacial voids,hardening of polymer chains,and blockage of micropores by polymers between common MMMsfillers and the polymer matrix,currently limit the gas sep-aration performance of MMMs.Ternary phase MMMs(consisting of afiller,an additive,and a matrix)made by adding a third compound,usually functionalized additives,can overcome the structural problems of binary phase MMMs and positively impact membrane separation performance.This review introduces the structure and fabrication processes for ternary MMMs,categorizes various nanofillers and the third component,and summarizes and analyzes in detail the CO_(2) separation performance of newly developed ternary MMMs based on both rubbery and glassy polymers.Based on this separation data,the challenges of ternary MMMs are also discussed.Finally,future directions for ternary MMMs are proposed.

SHT-based public auditing protocol with error tolerance in FDL-empowered IoVs

With the intelligentization of the Internet of Vehicles(lovs),Artificial Intelligence(Al)technology is becoming more and more essential,especially deep learning.Federated Deep Learning(FDL)is a novel distributed machine learning technology and is able to address the challenges like data security,privacy risks,and huge communication overheads from big raw data sets.However,FDL can only guarantee data security and privacy among multiple clients during data training.If the data sets stored locally in clients are corrupted,including being tampered with and lost,the training results of the FDL in intelligent IoVs must be negatively affected.In this paper,we are the first to design a secure data auditing protocol to guarantee the integrity and availability of data sets in FDL-empowered IoVs.Specifically,the cuckoo filter and Reed-Solomon codes are utilized to guarantee error tolerance,including efficient corrupted data locating and recovery.In addition,a novel data structure,Skip Hash Table(SHT)is designed to optimize data dynamics.Finally,we illustrate the security of the scheme with the Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH)assumption on bilinear groups.Sufficient theoretical analyses and performance evaluations demonstrate the security and efficiency of our scheme for data sets in FDL-empowered IoVs.

Fluid property identification of the Lower Cretaceous reservoirs with complex oil-water contacts in Deseo Basin,Chad

Recently,exploration breakthroughs have been made in the Lower Cretaceous sandstone reservoirs in the Doseo Basin,but the identification of reservoir fluid property is difficult due to variable reservoir lithology,complex oil-water contact within and faint responses of the oil zone,which causes the lower accuracy of reservoir fluid property identification with conventional mudlogging and wirelogging techniques.Applying the geochemical logging,fluorescent logging,mud logging and cutting logging technology,in combination with formation test data,this paper distinguishes the crude oil types,analyzes the logging response characteristics of oil zone after water washing,and establishes the interpretation charts and parameter standards for reservoir fluid properties.The crude oil can be divided into two types,namely viscous-heavy and thin-light,based on total hydrocarbon content and component concentration tested by mud logging,features of pyrolysis gas chromatogram and fluorescence spectroscopy.The general characteristics of oil layers experienced water washing include the decrease of total hydrocarbon content and component concentration from mud logging,the decrease of S1 and PS values from geochemical logging,the decrease of hydrocarbon abundance and absence of some light components in pyrolysis gas chromatogram,and the decrease of fluorescence area and intensity from fluorescence logging.According to crude oil types,the cross plots of S1 versus peak-baseline ratio,and the cross plots of rock wettability versus fluorescence area ratio are drawn and used to interpret reservoir fluid property.Meanwhile,the standards of reservoir fluid parameter are established combining with the parameters of PS and the parameters in above charts,and comprehensive multiparameter correlation in both vertical and horizontal ways is also performed to interpret reservoir fluid property.The application in the Doseo Basin achieved great success,improving interpretation ability of fluid property in the reservoir with complex oil-water contact,and also provided technical reference for the efficient exploration and development of similar reservoirs.

Effectiveness of fecal DNA syndecan-2 methylation testing for detection of colorectal cancer in a high-risk Chinese population

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide.Syndecan-2 methylation(mSDC2)testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum samples.Cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide.mSDC2 testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum samples.AIM To validate the effectiveness of fecal DNA mSDC2 testing in the detection of CRC among a high-risk Chinese population to provide evidence-based data for the development of diagnostic and/or screening guidelines for CRC in China.METHODS A high-risk Chinese cohort consisting of 1130 individuals aged 40-79 years was selected for evaluation via fecal mSDC2 testing.Sensitivity and specificity for CRC,advanced adenoma(AA)and advanced colorectal neoplasia(ACN)were determined.High-risk factors for the incidence of colorectal lesions were determined and a logistic regression model was constructed to reflect the efficacy of the test.RESULTS A total of 1035 high-risk individuals were included in this study according to established criteria.Among them,16 suffered from CRC(1.55%),65 from AA(6.28%)and 189 from non-AAs(18.26%);150 patients were diagnosed with polyps(14.49%).Diagnoses were established based upon colonoscopic and pathological examinations.Sensitivities of the mSDC2 test for CRC and AA were 87.50%and 40.00%,respectively;specificities were 95.61%for other groups.Positive predictive values of the mSDC2 test for CRC,AA and ACN were 16.09%,29.89%and 45.98%,respectively;the negative predictive value for CRC was 99.79%.After adjusting for other high-risk covariates,mSDC2 test positivity was found to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of ACN(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that offering fecal mSDC2 testing and colonoscopy in combination for CRC screening is effective for earlier detection of malignant colorectal lesions in a high-risk Chinese population.

玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗PCV并发玻璃体积血

目的:研究玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗息肉状脉络膜血管病变(polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy,PCV)并发玻璃体积血的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析我院2013-05/2016-08收治入院行玻璃体切除术治疗患者59例59眼的病例资料,其中21眼仅予以玻璃体切除设为对照组;38眼玻璃体切除联合康柏西普玻璃体腔注射设为观察组。观察两组患者治疗效果和安全性。结果:随访12mo结束时,观察组眼底彩色照相可见38眼患者视网膜深层、浅层出血和渗出均完全吸收,且B超检查可见所有患者视网膜下积血完全吸收;对照组经玻璃体切除后12mo眼底检查可见玻璃体腔积血完全吸收,但有18眼患者视网膜下伴不同程度出血、渗出,B超检查可见视网膜下仍有少量积血。两组患者治疗前后最佳矫正视力变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后1、3、6、12mo观察组最佳矫正视力均明显优于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前后黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组术后1wk,1、3、6、12mo黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度均明显低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组康柏西普玻璃体腔注射后1wk,37眼患者前房和虹膜新生血管完全消退,仅1眼残留少量明显萎缩的新生血管,消退率为97%;对照组玻璃体切除术后1wk,16眼新生血管明显消退,消退率为76%,组间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=35.680,P<0.001)。两组患者随访均未见严重并发症,且组间不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:玻璃体切除联合玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗PCV并发玻璃体积血疗效确切,且安全性较高。

Ability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to repair chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure

BACKGROUND Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)and premature ovarian failure(POF)have become one of the major problems threatening women of childbearing age.Studies have shown that stem cells transplanted from bone marrow,umbilical cord,peripheral blood and amniotic fluid can migrate and proliferate to the ovary,promote ovarian function repair,increase the number of follicles and granulosa cells at all levels of ovary,improve endocrine function,and can differentiate into oocytes in specific ovarian environment to restore fertility to some extent.AIM To study the ability of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUCMSCs)to repair ovarian injury after chemotherapy.METHODS A total of 110 female BALB/c mice(aged 7-8 wk old)with body masses of 16.0-20.0 g were selected.The mice were fed until 12 wk of age,and cyclophosphamide was administered by intraperitoneal injection for 14 consecutive days to induce premature ovarian failure in mice.Seventy-five mice with estrous cycle disorder were screened and randomly divided into 3 groups according to their body weight:model group,positive control group and hUCMSC group,and each group had 25 mice.Another 25 mice were used as negative controls.The mice in the hUCMSC group were injected with hUCMSCs in the tail vein,and the mice in the positive control group were given an oestradiol valerate solution and a medroxyprogesterone acetate solution in the tail vein.On the 1^st,15^th,30^th,45^th,and 60^th days after intravenous administration,vaginal smears were made to monitor the estrous cycles of the mice.The ovaries were weighed,and pathological sections were made to observe the morphology of the follicles;blood samples were collected to monitor the concentration of sex hormones(oestradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone).RESULTS The estrous cycles of the model group mice were disrupted throughout the experiment.Mice in the hUCMSC group and the positive control group resumed normal estrous cycles.The ovarian weight of the model group mice continued to decline.The ovarian weight of the hUCMSC group mice and the positive control group mice decreased first and then gradually increased,and the ovarian weight of the hUCMSC group mice was heavier than that of the positive control group mice.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the negative control group,the model group experienced a decrease in oestradiol and an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the hUCMSC and positive control groups experienced a slight increase in oestradiol and a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone;the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The pathological examination revealed that the mouse ovaries from the model group were atrophied,the volume was reduced,the cortical and medullary structures were disordered,the number of follicles at all stages was significantly reduced,the number of atretic follicles increased,the number of primordial follicles and corpus luteum significantly decreased,and the corpus luteum had an irregular shape.Compared with those of the model group,the lesions of the hUCMSC and positive control groups significantly improved.CONCLUSION hUCMSCs can repair ovarian tissue damaged by chemotherapy to a certain extent,can improve the degree of apoptosis in ovarian tissue,and can improve the endocrine function of mouse ovaries.

联合手术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼疗效观察

目的:分析白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼的临床应用效果。方法:选取2010-06/2018-09期间我院收治的合并白内障的急性闭角型房角粘连<180°患者40例40眼,根据手术方法不同分为观察组和对照组。观察组采用白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合前房角分离术治疗,对照组采用白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗,将两组患者治疗结果进行对比。结果:术后3、6mo,观察组视力、眼压、前房深度均优于对照组( P <0.05)。随访期间两组均无严重并发症发生。结论:白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型房角粘连<180°的患者临床效果显著。

D-dimer level and long-term outcome in patients with end-stage heart failure secondary to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy

Background Previous studies had demonstrated hemostatic abnormalities in patients with heart failure (HF) and several studies have shown that abnormal coagulation indices, represented by elevated D-dimer, had prognostic significance in patients with compatible or acute decompensated HF. However, the impact of D-dimer on the outcome in patients with end-stage HF remains unclear. Methods A total of 244 consecutive patients with end-stage HF due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) were prospectively enrolled from February 2011 to September 2014. D-dimer levels were measured and its prognostic value was assessed. Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during the follow-up period. Secondary endpoints were stroke, bleeding, occurrence of sustained ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Results D-dimer was significantly elevated in the non-survivors (median: 0.8 vs. 1.1 mg/L, P < 0.001). Traditional markers including B-type natriuretic peptide, troponin I, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension provided limited prognostic value;but the addition of D-dimer refined the risk stratification. The optimal cut-off value of D-dimer to predict all-cause mortality was 0.84 mg/L by receiver operator characteristic analysis. Elevated D-dimer level was independently associated with increased risk of long-term all-cause mortality (HR = 2.315, 95% CI: 1.570–3.414, P < 0.001) and MACE (HR = 1.256, 95% CI: 1.058–1.490, P = 0.009), and the predictive value was independent of age, sex, atrial fibrillation and anticoagulation status. Conclusions Elevated D-dimer level was independently associated with poor long-term outcome in patients with end-stage HF secondary to idiopathic DCM, and the predictive value was superior to that of traditional prognostic markers.

Risk scores,prevention,and treatment of maternal venous thromboembolism

BACKGROUND At present,the preventive treatment for pregnancy-related venous thromboembolism(VTE)in China is in its infancy,and there is no uniform or standardized industry guide.Drug prevention and treatment of pregnancyrelated VTE rely highly on foreign guidelines;however,due to the differences in ethnicity and national conditions,there are many controversies over the indications for drug treatment,drug selection,and dose selection for anticoagulant therapy.AIM To investigate the risk scores,prevention,and treatment of maternal VTE to promote the prevention and standardized treatment of maternal thrombosis.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 7759 patients who gave birth at our hospital from June 2018 to June 2019.Risk factors for pregnancy-related VTE,prenatal and postpartum VTE risk scores,prophylactic anticoagulant therapy,side effects after medication,and morbidity were analysed.RESULTS The risk factors for VTE were mainly caesarean delivery,obesity,and advanced maternal age.Regarding pregnancy-related VTE risk scores,there were 7520 patients in the low-risk group with a prenatal score<3 points and 239 in the high-risk group with a score≥3,and 44 patients received drug prevention and treatment during pregnancy.There were 4223 patients in the low-risk group with a postpartum score<2 points and 3536 in the high-risk group with a score≥2 points,and 824 patients received drug prevention and treatment for 10 d.Among the patients who did not present with VTE before delivery,we found one case each of pulmonary embolism secondary to lower extremity venous thrombosis,intracranial venous sinus thrombosis,and asymptomatic lower extremity venous thrombosis during the postpartum follow-up.CONCLUSION VTE poses a serious threat to maternal safety,and the society should increase its vigilance against pregnancy-related VTE.

Characterisation of the bacterial community in expressed prostatic secretions from patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and infertile men： a preliminary investigation

The expressed prostatic secretions （EPSs） of men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome （CP/CPPS）, infertile men and normal men were subjected to microbiological study. EPSs were collected from the subjects, which included 26 normal men, 11 infertile patients and 51 CP/CPPS patients. DNA was extracted from each specimen, and the V3 regions of the 16S rRNA genes were amplified using universal bacterial primers. The results showed that the EPS 16S rRNA gene-positive rate in the CP/CPPS and infertile patients was much higher than in the normal men, but without any difference among the three patient groups. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） method was used to characterize the EPS bacterial community structure of the prostate fluid from patients with CP/CPPS or infertility issues. Principal component analysis （PCA） and partial least squares （PLS） analyses of PCR-DGGE profiles revealed that the EPS bacterial community structure differed among the three groups. Three bands were identified as the key factors responsible for the discrepancy between CP/CPPS patients and infertile patients （P〈O.05）. Two bands were identified as priority factors in the discrepancy of category IliA and category IIIB prostatitis patients （P〈O.05）. According to this research, the ecological balance of the prostate and low urethra tract, when considered as a microenvironment, might play an important role in the maintenance of a healthy male reproductive tract.

Histone methyltransferase SETDB1 is required for prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion

SETDB1 has been established as an oncogene in a number of human carcinomas. The present study was to evaluate the expression of SETDB1 in prostate cancer （PCa） tissues and cells and to preliminarily investigate the role of SETDB1 in prostate tumorigenesis in vitro. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） and immunohistochemistry （IHC） were used to detect the expression of SETDB1 in PCa tissues, adjacent normal tissues, benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） tissues, PCa cell lines and normal prostate epithelial cells. The results suggested that SETDB1 was upregulated in human PCa tissues compared with normal tissues at the mRNA and protein levels. The role of SETDB1 in proliferation was analyzed with cell counting kit-8, colony-forming efficiency and flow cytometry assays. The results indicated that downregulation of SETDB1 by siRNA inhibited PCa cell growth, and induced GO/G1 cell cycle arrest. The PCa cell migration and invasion decreased by silcencing SETDBt which were assessed by using in vitro scratch and transwell invasion assay respectively. Our data suggested that SETDB1 is overexpressed in human PCa. Silencing SETDB1 inhibited PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Down-regulated γ-catenin expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness in esophageal cancer

AIM: To evaluate the significance of &#x003b3;-catenin in clinical pathology, cellular function and signaling mechanism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Static softening behaviors of 7055 alloy during the interval time of multi-pass hot compression

Multipass plain strain compression test of 7055 alloy was carried out on Gleeble 1500D thermomechanical simulator to study the effect of interval time on static softening behavior between two passes. Microstructural features of the alloy deformed with delay times varying from 0 to 180 s after achieving a reduction of ,-~52 % in the 13 stages was investigated through TEM and EBSD observations. The 14th pass of peak stresses after different delay times were gained. The peak stress decreases with the interstage delay time increasing, but the decreasing trend is gradually slower. Static recovery, metadynamic recrystallization, and/or static recrystallization can be found in the alloy during two passes. The recovery and recrystallization degree increases with longer interstage delay time. The static recovery is the main softening mechanism. Subgrain coalescence and subgrain growth together with particle-stimulated nucleation are the main nucleation mechanisms for static recrystallization.

Digestive tract reconstruction options after laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer

In addition to the popularity of laparoscopic gastrectomy(LG),many reconstructive procedures after LG have been reported.Surgical resection and lymphatic dissection determine long-term survival;however,the election of a reconstruction procedure determines the postoperative quality of life for patients with gastric cancer(GC).Presently,no consensus exists regarding the optimal reconstructive procedure.In this review,the current state of digestive tract reconstruction after LG is reviewed.According to the determining influence of the tumor site on the procedures of surgical resection and reconstruction,we divide these reconstruction procedures into three categories consistent with the resection procedures.We focus on the technical tips of every reconstruction procedure and examine the surgical outcomes(length of surgery and blood loss)and postoperative complications(anastomotic leakage and stricture)to facilitate gastrointestinal surgeons to understand the merits and demerits of every reconstruction procedure.

3DPhenoFish:Application for two-and three-dimensional fish morphological phenotype extraction from point cloud analysis

Fish morphological phenotypes are important resources in artificial breeding,functional gene mapping,and population-based studies in aquaculture and ecology.Traditional morphological measurement of phenotypes is rather expensive in terms of time and labor.More importantly,manual measurement is highly dependent on operational experience,which can lead to subjective phenotyping results.Here,we developed 3DPhenoFish software to extract fish morphological phenotypes from three-dimensional(3D)point cloud data.Algorithms for background elimination,coordinate normalization,image segmentation,key point recognition,and phenotype extraction were developed and integrated into an intuitive user interface.Furthermore,18 key points and traditional 2D morphological traits,along with 3D phenotypes,including area and volume,can be automatically obtained in a visualized manner.Intuitive fine-tuning of key points and customized definitions of phenotypes are also allowed in the software.Using 3DPhenoFish,we performed high-throughput phenotyping for four endemic Schizothoracinae species,including Schizopygopsis younghusbandi,Oxygymnocypris stewartii,Ptychobarbus dipogon,and Schizothorax oconnori.Results indicated that the morphological phenotypes from 3DPhenoFish exhibited high linear correlation(>0.94)with manual measurements and offered informative traits to discriminate samples of different species and even for different populations of the same species.In summary,we developed an efficient,accurate,and customizable tool,3DPhenoFish,to extract morphological phenotypes from point cloud data,which should help overcome traditional challenges in manual measurements.3DPhenoFish can be used for research on morphological phenotypes in fish,including functional gene mapping,artificial selection,and conservation studies.3DPhenoFish is an open-source software and can be downloaded for free at https://github.com/lyh24k/3DPhenoFish/tree/master.

A new flavonoid from Selaginella tamariscina

6-（2-Hydroxy-5-acetylphenyl）-apigenin （1）, a new flavonoid with a phenyl substituent, was first isolated from Selaginella tamariscina. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as ESI-HR-MS spectroscopic analysis.

Factors affecting failed trial of labor and countermeasures:A retrospective analysis

BACKGROUND Vaginal delivery is the ideal mode of delivery for the termination of a pregnancy.However,the cesarean section rate in China is much higher than the published by the World Health Organization in the Lancet in 2010.AIM To retrospectively analyze the factors related to failed trial of labor and the clinical indications for cesarean section conversion,explore how to promote the trial of labor success rate,and determine the feasibility of reducing the rate of conversion to cesarean section.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 9240 maternal women who met vaginal delivery conditions and required a trial of labor from January 2016 to December 2018 at our hospital.Among them,8164 pregnant women who had a successful trial of labor were used as a control group,and 1076 pregnant women who had a failed trial of labor and converted to an emergency cesarean section were used as an observation group.The patients’clinical data during hospitalization were collected for comparative analysis,the related factors of the failed trial of labor were discussed,and reasonable prevention and resolution strategies were proposed to increase the success rate of trial of labor.RESULTS The analysis revealed that advanced age(≥35 years old),macrosomia(≥4000 g),delayed pregnancy(≥41 wk),use of uterine contraction drugs,primipara,and fever during labor were associated with conversion to an emergency cesarean section in the failed trial of labor.Multivariate regression analysis showed that age,gestational age,primipara,use of uterine contraction drugs,fever duringbirth,and newborn weight led to a higher probability of conversion to an emergency cesarean section in the failed trial of labor.The analysis indicated that the following clinical indications were associated with the conversion to cesarean section in the failed trial of labor:Fetal distress(44.3%),social factors(12.8%),malpresentation(face presentation,persistent occipitoposterior position,and persistent occipitotransverse position)(9.4%),and cephalopelvic disproportion(8.9%).CONCLUSION The conversion to emergency cesarean section in failed trial of labor is affected by many factors.Medical staff should take appropriate preventive measures for the main factors,increase the trial of labor success rate,improve the quality of delivery,ensure the safety of mother and child during the perinatal period,and improve the relationship between doctors and patients.

Prevalence and risk factors on age-related cataract and surgery in adults over 50 years old in Binhu District, Wuxi, China

AIM:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of age-related cataract(ARC),ARC surgery procedures,and postoperative vision results among adults over 50 years old in the Binhu District of Wuxi City,China.METHODS:Thirty basic sampling units were analyzed via a cluster random sampling method.Detailed medical histories were collected and eye examinations were performed.Cataract prevalence and surgical procedures were quantified.RESULTS:Among the 6150 participants,1421 cataract cases were diagnosed and prevalence was 23.1%.The prevalence of cortical,nuclear,and posterior subcapsular cataracts increased with age(P<0.001).Cataract prevalence was significantly higher among elderly,female,or illiterate individuals and people with hypertension,diabetes,and a history of smoking and drinking(all P<0.05).As participant age increased and education level decreased,the frequency of cataract blindness surgeries gradually decreased,but without statistical significance within groups(P>0.05).The odds ratio of cataract patients who had or did not have cataract surgery was 3.15(87/28)and the frequency of cataract blindness surgery was 75.7%(87/115).Poor visual outcomes was in 107 eyes(40.7%)after cataract surgery.Poor vision was mostly caused by uncorrected reflective errors(30.9%)and ocular comorbidities(41.1%).The prevalence of cataract surgery complications was 5.7%(15/263).Surgical complications and posterior capsular opacification were avoidable factors facilitating poor vision.CONCLUSION:ARC,especially in females and illiterateindividuals,presents a public health problem in this district.Poor visual outcomes after cataract surgery are frequent.High-quality cataract surgeries and treatment of ocular comorbidities are vital.