Background:Little is known about the association between venous thromboembolism(VTE)and tumors.In this study,we identified the clinical features of patients with liver cancer who presented with at least 1 VTE episode....Background:Little is known about the association between venous thromboembolism(VTE)and tumors.In this study,we identified the clinical features of patients with liver cancer who presented with at least 1 VTE episode.Methods:This was a retrospective case-control study of a single-institution database with univariate and multivariate analyses usingχ^(2)and Fisher exact tests.Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Results:The overall incidence of VTE in the patients with liver cancer was 1.2%.More than half(53.8%)of the 13 patients with liver cancer and venous thrombosis died within 2 months.The thrombus in 12 patients(92.3%)was located within the deep veins,whereas the other patient(7.7%)was diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism.Of the 11 patients,9(69.2%)had swelling and/or pain symptoms.All 6 patients with peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)had thrombosis,accounting for 46.2%of all patients with liver cancer and venous thrombosis.Compared with the controls,liver cancer patients with PICC tubes,thrombosis-related symptoms such as swelling and pain,traumatic stimulation such as fracture,acute respiratory distress syndrome,and interventional therapy or hemostasis drugs were prone to be diagnosed with VTE(P<0.05).Conclusions:Liver cancer and thrombosis are rare and have poor prognoses.Liver cancer with thrombosis may be associated with PICC catheterization,traumatic stimulation,or hemostatic drugs.Patients with liver cancer and thrombosis often present with swelling and pain.展开更多
B cells are a heterogeneous population,which have distinct functions of antigen presentation,activating T cells,and secreting antibodies,cytokines as well as protease.It is supposed that the balance among these B cell...B cells are a heterogeneous population,which have distinct functions of antigen presentation,activating T cells,and secreting antibodies,cytokines as well as protease.It is supposed that the balance among these B cells subpopulation(resting B cells,activated B cells,Bregs,and other differentiated B cells)will determine the ultimate role of B cells in tumor immunity.There has been increasing evidence supporting opposite roles of B cells in tumor immunity,though there are no general acceptable phenotypes for them.Recent years,a new designated subset of B cells identified as Bregs has emerged from immunosuppressive and/or regulatory functions in tumor immune responses.Therefore,transferring activated B cells would be possible to become a promising strategy against tumor via conquering the immunosuppressive status of B cells in future.Understanding the potential mechanism of double-edge role of B cells will help researchers utilize activated B cells to improve their anti-tumor response.Moreover,the molecular pathways related to B cell differentiation are involved in its tumor-promoting effect,such as NF-κB,STAT3,BTK.So,we review the molecular and signaling pathway mechanisms of B cells involved in both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive immunity,in order to help researchers optimize B cells to fight cancer better.展开更多
基金approved by the Ethics Committee of Union Hospital,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,China(No.S810).
文摘Background:Little is known about the association between venous thromboembolism(VTE)and tumors.In this study,we identified the clinical features of patients with liver cancer who presented with at least 1 VTE episode.Methods:This was a retrospective case-control study of a single-institution database with univariate and multivariate analyses usingχ^(2)and Fisher exact tests.Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Results:The overall incidence of VTE in the patients with liver cancer was 1.2%.More than half(53.8%)of the 13 patients with liver cancer and venous thrombosis died within 2 months.The thrombus in 12 patients(92.3%)was located within the deep veins,whereas the other patient(7.7%)was diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism.Of the 11 patients,9(69.2%)had swelling and/or pain symptoms.All 6 patients with peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)had thrombosis,accounting for 46.2%of all patients with liver cancer and venous thrombosis.Compared with the controls,liver cancer patients with PICC tubes,thrombosis-related symptoms such as swelling and pain,traumatic stimulation such as fracture,acute respiratory distress syndrome,and interventional therapy or hemostasis drugs were prone to be diagnosed with VTE(P<0.05).Conclusions:Liver cancer and thrombosis are rare and have poor prognoses.Liver cancer with thrombosis may be associated with PICC catheterization,traumatic stimulation,or hemostatic drugs.Patients with liver cancer and thrombosis often present with swelling and pain.
文摘B cells are a heterogeneous population,which have distinct functions of antigen presentation,activating T cells,and secreting antibodies,cytokines as well as protease.It is supposed that the balance among these B cells subpopulation(resting B cells,activated B cells,Bregs,and other differentiated B cells)will determine the ultimate role of B cells in tumor immunity.There has been increasing evidence supporting opposite roles of B cells in tumor immunity,though there are no general acceptable phenotypes for them.Recent years,a new designated subset of B cells identified as Bregs has emerged from immunosuppressive and/or regulatory functions in tumor immune responses.Therefore,transferring activated B cells would be possible to become a promising strategy against tumor via conquering the immunosuppressive status of B cells in future.Understanding the potential mechanism of double-edge role of B cells will help researchers utilize activated B cells to improve their anti-tumor response.Moreover,the molecular pathways related to B cell differentiation are involved in its tumor-promoting effect,such as NF-κB,STAT3,BTK.So,we review the molecular and signaling pathway mechanisms of B cells involved in both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive immunity,in order to help researchers optimize B cells to fight cancer better.
