Associations between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and haemorrhagic stroke

OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between the blood concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and the clinical features of haemorrhagic stroke.METHODS This study analysed the data from patients with acute haemorrhagic stroke at a comprehensive stroke centre from 2013 to 2018.Patients were stratified into three groups according to their baseline LDL-C levels:<70,70 to<100 and≥100 mg/dL.We used multivariate logistic regression models to analyse the associations between LDL-C and the risks of having severe neurological deficits(National Institute Health Stroke Scale[NIHSS]scores≥15)and unfavourable outcomes(modified Rankin Scale[mRS]scores>2)at discharge.RESULTS Six-hundred and six patients were analysed.Their median age was 58 years.Among the patients,75(12%)patients had LDL-C levels<70 mg/dL,194(32%)patients had LDL-C levels between 70 to<100 mg/dL and the other 337(56%)patients had LDL-C levels≥100 mg/dL.Patients with higher LDL-C levels were less likely to suffer severe neurological deficits(LDL-C:70 to<100 vs.<70 mg/dL,adjusted odds ratio[OR]:0.29,95%CI:0.15–0.57;LDL-C:≥100 vs.<70 mg/dL,adjusted OR=0.27,95%CI:0.15–0.51)and to have unfavourable outcomes at discharge(LDL-C:70 to<100 vs.<70 mg/dL,adjusted OR=0.50,95%CI:0.29–0.87 and LDL-C:≥100 vs.<70 mg/dL,adjusted OR=0.46,95%CI:0.28–0.78).CONCLUSIONS An LDL-C level<70 mg/dL was independently associated with severe neurological deficits of haemorrhagic stroke and may increase the risks of unfavourable outcomes at discharge.

Lung Cancer with Diffuse Ground-glass Shadow in Two Lungs and Respiratory Failure

INTRODUCTION Pulmonary ground-glass shadow is a common clinical imaging manifestation shared by many pulmonary diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary fungal infection, parasitic infection, viral pneumonia, and heart failure. Some of the lung cancers, especially lung adenocarcinoma,