Cestode larvae spend one phase of their two-phase life cycle in the viscera of rodents, but cases of cestodes infecting subterranean rodents have only been rarely observed. To experimentally gain some insight into thi...Cestode larvae spend one phase of their two-phase life cycle in the viscera of rodents, but cases of cestodes infecting subterranean rodents have only been rarely observed. To experimentally gain some insight into this phenomenon, we captured approximately 300 plateau zokors(Eospalax baileyi), a typical subterranean rodent inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and examined their livers for the presence of cysts. Totally, we collected five cysts, and using a mitochondrial gene(cox1) and two nuclear genes(pepck and pold) as genetic markers, we were able to analyze the taxonomy of the cysts. Both the maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods showed that the cysts share a monophyly with Taenia mustelae, while Kimura 2-parameter distances and number of different sites between our sequences and T. mustelae were far less than those found between the examined sequences and other Taeniidae species. These results, alongside supporting paraffin section histology, imply that the cysts found in plateau zokors can be regarded as larvae of T. mustelae, illustrating that zokors are a newly discovered intermediate host record of this parasite.展开更多
A geometric mapping establishes a correspondence between two domains.Since no real object has zero or negative volume,such a mapping is required to be inversion-free.Computing inversion-free mappings is a fundamental ...A geometric mapping establishes a correspondence between two domains.Since no real object has zero or negative volume,such a mapping is required to be inversion-free.Computing inversion-free mappings is a fundamental task in numerous computer graphics and geometric processing applications,such as deformation,texture mapping,mesh generation,and others.This task is usually formulated as a non-convex,nonlinear,constrained optimization problem.Various methods have been developed to solve this optimization problem.As well as being inversion-free,different applications have various further requirements.We expand the discussion in two directions to(i)problems imposing specific constraints and(ii)combinatorial problems.This report provides a systematic overview of inversion-free mapping construction,a detailed discussion of the construction methods,including their strengths and weaknesses,and a description of open problems in this research field.展开更多
基金supported by the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Sciences President Scholarship(to G.Lin)
文摘Cestode larvae spend one phase of their two-phase life cycle in the viscera of rodents, but cases of cestodes infecting subterranean rodents have only been rarely observed. To experimentally gain some insight into this phenomenon, we captured approximately 300 plateau zokors(Eospalax baileyi), a typical subterranean rodent inhabiting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and examined their livers for the presence of cysts. Totally, we collected five cysts, and using a mitochondrial gene(cox1) and two nuclear genes(pepck and pold) as genetic markers, we were able to analyze the taxonomy of the cysts. Both the maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods showed that the cysts share a monophyly with Taenia mustelae, while Kimura 2-parameter distances and number of different sites between our sequences and T. mustelae were far less than those found between the examined sequences and other Taeniidae species. These results, alongside supporting paraffin section histology, imply that the cysts found in plateau zokors can be regarded as larvae of T. mustelae, illustrating that zokors are a newly discovered intermediate host record of this parasite.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61802359 and 61672482)the USTC Research Funds of the Double FirstClass Initiative(No.YD0010002003)。
文摘A geometric mapping establishes a correspondence between two domains.Since no real object has zero or negative volume,such a mapping is required to be inversion-free.Computing inversion-free mappings is a fundamental task in numerous computer graphics and geometric processing applications,such as deformation,texture mapping,mesh generation,and others.This task is usually formulated as a non-convex,nonlinear,constrained optimization problem.Various methods have been developed to solve this optimization problem.As well as being inversion-free,different applications have various further requirements.We expand the discussion in two directions to(i)problems imposing specific constraints and(ii)combinatorial problems.This report provides a systematic overview of inversion-free mapping construction,a detailed discussion of the construction methods,including their strengths and weaknesses,and a description of open problems in this research field.
