Effect of vitamin D3 on maturation and antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells treated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Objective:To investigate the phenotypic characteristics and functional capability differences of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells after stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the presence or absence of vitamin 03.Methods:Mouse bone marrow-derived cells were cultured with GM-CSF(20 ng/mL).Then,one was added with 100 nmol/L of 25(OH)D3,while the other did not.On day 6.5 μg/mL of BCG was added to stimulate the cells for 24 h.On day 7,suspension cells were harvested for phenotypic and functional analyses.Results:The percentages of CD86 dendritic cells(DCs) in the control group and 25(OH)D3 group were 66.97%± 8.29%and 52.18%± 8.52%.respectively;the mean fluorescence intensities of MHC- Ⅱ in the control group and 25(OH)D3 group were 1 102.16 ± 371.02 and 681.62± 292.71.The expression levels of MHC- Ⅱ and CD86 on the surface of the DCs in 25(OH)D3 group were significantly lower than those of the control group.The ability of the DCs to stimulate proliferation of T-lymphocytes was also significantly lower than that of the control group.Conclusions:These findings suggest that 25(OH)D3 modulates the immune response by affecting the maturation and function of DCs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis period.

Efficacy of digital breast tomosynthesis combined with magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of early breast cancer

BACKGROUND The incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in China rank 120th and 163rd,worldwide,respectively.The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise;the risk increases with age but is slightly reduced after menopause.Early screening,diagnosis,and timely determination of the best treatment plan can ensure clinical efficacy and prognosis.AIM To evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) combined with digital breast tomosynthesis(DBT) in diagnosing early breast cancer and the effect of breast-conserving surgery by arc incision.METHODS This study was divided into two parts.Firstly,110 patients with early breast cancer confirmed by pathological examination and 110 with benign breast diseases diagnosed simultaneously in Changzhi People’s Hospital of Shanxi Province and Shanxi Dayi Hospital from May 2019 to September 2020 were included in the breast cancer group and the benign group,respectively.Both groups underwent DBT and MRI examination,and the pathological results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the effectiveness of the combined application of DBT and MRI in the diagnosis of early breast cancer.Secondly,according to the operation method,110 patients with breast cancer were divided into either a breast-conserving group(69 patients) or a modified radical mastectomy group(41 patients).The surgical effect,cosmetic effect,and quality of life of the two groups were compared.RESULTS Among the 110 cases of breast cancer,66 were of invasive ductal carcinoma(60.00%),and 22 were of ductal carcinoma in situ(20.00%).Among the 110 cases of benign breast tumors,55 were of breast fibromas(50.00%),and 27 were of breast adenosis(24.55%).The sensitivity,specificity,and area under the curve(AUC) of DBT in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors were 73.64%,84.55%,and 0.791,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,and AUC of MRI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors were 84.55%,85.45%,and 0.850,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,and AUC of DBT combined with MRI in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors were 97.27%,93.64%,and 0.955,respectively.The blood loss,operation time and hospitalization time of the breast-conserving group were significantly lower than those of the modified radical treatment group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).After 3 mo of observation,the breast cosmetic effect of the breast-conserving group was better than that of the modified radical group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Before surgery,the quality-of-life scores of the breast-conserving and modified radical mastectomy groups did not differ(P > 0.05).Three months after surgery,the quality-of-life scores in both groups were higher than those before surgery(P < 0.05),and the quality-of-life score of the breast-conserving group was higher than that of the modified radical group(P < 0.05).In the observation of tumor recurrence rate two years after the operation,four patients in the breast-conserving group and one in the modified radical treatment group had a postoperative recurrence.There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups(χ2 = 0.668,P = 0.414 > 0.05).CONCLUSION MRI combined with DBT in diagnosing early breast cancer can significantly improve the diagnostic efficacy compared with the two alone.Breast-conserving surgery leads to better cosmetic breast effects and reduces the impact of surgery on postoperative quality of life.

Research on Single-Side Long Edge of Hot Rolled Strip Caused by Asymmetrical Stiffness of Mill Stand

To analyze and solve the problem of single-side long edge of hot rolled strip in certain domestic factory, the asymmetrical deformation of rolls and strip in asymmetrical stiffness mill stand based on slit beam model, the strip profile and rolling force distribution at the exit of asymmetric stiffness stand mill were calculated using influence function method. Considering the character of in-site equipment and technology, a scheme of adjusting load distribution in finishing mill was made and the experiment was applied. Comparison of strip profile between new load distribution and the old one shows that the method can solve single-side long edge problem well.

Interface Analysis and Hot Deformation Behaviour of a Novel Laminated Composite with High-Cr Cast Iron and Low Carbon Steel Prepared by Hot Compression Bonding

A hot compression bonding process was developed to prepare a novel laminated composite consisting of high-Cr cast iron （HCCI） as the inner layer and low carbon steel （LCS） as the outer layers on a Gleeble 3500 ther- momechanicat simulator at a temperature of 950 ℃ and a strain rate of 0. 001 s 1. Interfacial bond quality and hot deformation behaviour of the laminate were studied by mierostructural characterisation and mechanical tests. Experi- mental results show that the metallurgical bond between the constituent metals was achieved under the proposed bonding conditions without discernible defects and the formation of interlayer or intermetallic layer along the inter- face. The interfacial bond quality is excellent since no deterioration occurred around the interface which was deformed by Vickers indentation and compression test at room temperature with parallel loading to the interface. After well cladding by the LCS, the brittle HCCI can be severely deformed （about 57 % of reduction） at high temperature with crack-free. This significant improvement should be attributed to the decrease of crack sensitivity due to stress relief by soft claddings and enhanced flow property of the HCCI by simultaneous deformation with the LCS.

带有二苯胺和结构类似物抗性的芽孢杆菌突变株以玉米水解液为底物合成甲萘醌-7的研究（英文）

目的:通过从自然界中筛选和传统诱变育种相结合的方法,获得一株以玉米水解液为底物且能高效合成甲萘醌-7(MK-7)的芽孢杆菌突变菌株。创新点:首次在中国的发酵豆制品——豆豉中分离得到一株能以玉米水解液为底物合成MK-7的解淀粉芽孢杆菌Y-2(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Y-2),并通过传统诱变育种获得一株带有二苯胺和结构类似物抗性的、以玉米水解液为底物的、高产MK-7的菌株B.amyloliquefaciens H.β.D.R.-5。方法:以来自中国不同省市地区的豆豉为分离样品,筛选高产纳豆激酶的菌株,再从中挑选出高产MK-7的菌株,并通过16S r DNA分析对其种属进行鉴定。采用常压室温等离子体(ARTP)系统,对分离到的高产MK-7菌株进行诱变处理,获得解除3-脱氧-D-阿拉伯庚酮糖-7-磷酸合成酶(即结构类似物抗性)和聚丙烯焦磷酸合成酶(即二苯胺抗性)反馈调节的菌株。最后,考察不同氮源、乙戊烯醇和镁离子(Mg^(2+)对突变菌株合成MK-7的影响,并分析在7 L发酵罐中合成MK-7的区别。结论:从中国豆豉中分离到了一株以玉米水解液为底物合成MK-7的菌株,经16S rD NA分析比对,鉴定为Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(图1)。通过比较MK-7产量,发现利用ARTP可以有效获得解除反馈调节作用的且高产MK-7的突变菌株H.β.D.R.-5(表1)。以大豆水解液和酵母水解液为氮源,异戊醇和MgSO_4有利于突变菌株H.β.D.R.-5合成MK-7(图2、表2和表3)。综上所述,利用ARTP处理从中国豆豉中分离到的以玉米水解液为底物的合成MK-7的菌株,可获得高产的MK-7菌株,该方法对选育工业化合成MK-7的菌株有重要参考价值。

反义RNA:遗传研究领域的新宠儿（英文）

该综述较为全面地概述了当前反义RNA的研究现状,特别是它的形成模式以及参与调节目的基因的调节机制。同时,还概述了反义RNA在病毒和癌症治疗以及在遗传改造植物和微生物中的应用,为拟计划开展反义RNA研究的学者提供了指导。

遗传改造细菌基因组的策略:基因定点突变、基因失活和基因过表达（英文）

该综述较为全面地概述了当前针对大肠杆菌和谷氨酸棒杆菌基因组遗传改造的各个方法的具体流程、应用范围、注意事项以及其新颖之处,比较了针对基因定点突变、基因失活和基因过表达的各个方法所存在的优缺点,同时简单地介绍了利用质粒介导基因过表达所存在的问题。此外,还介绍了四种引物设计软件,并简单分析了它们的应用范围。为拟计划开展分子生物学实验的新手对关于细菌基因组遗传改造方法做了可靠的介绍,同时也为已进行相关实验的实验员提供关于基因定点突变、基因失活和基因过表达的最新信息。