基于数字孪生的船舶制造车间管理系统

为了满足对船舶制造车间中各类制造资源的管控的需要,开发了一套基于数字孪生的船舶制造车间管理系统,以动态可视化形式管控车间中设备、人员、物料、生产计划等关键要素,实现了基于消息队列遥测传输协议(message queuing telemetry transport,MQTT)的设备实时信息展示,以及基于超宽带(ultra wide band,UWB)的车间人员动态定位管理。以车间中的人员定位及焊机状态管理为实例验证了本系统的可行性。实验结果表明本系统在实现车间关键要素的管控中是可行的。

Artificial intelligence-driven radiomics study in cancer:the role of feature engineering and modeling

Modern medicine is reliant on various medical imaging technologies for non-invasively observing patients’anatomy.However,the interpretation of medical images can be highly subjective and dependent on the expertise of clinicians.Moreover,some potentially useful quantitative information in medical images,especially that which is not visible to the naked eye,is often ignored during clinical practice.In contrast,radiomics performs high-throughput feature extraction from medical images,which enables quantitative analysis of medical images and prediction of various clinical endpoints.Studies have reported that radiomics exhibits promising performance in diagnosis and predicting treatment responses and prognosis,demonstrating its potential to be a non-invasive auxiliary tool for personalized medicine.However,radiomics remains in a developmental phase as numerous technical challenges have yet to be solved,especially in feature engineering and statistical modeling.In this review,we introduce the current utility of radiomics by summarizing research on its application in the diagnosis,prognosis,and prediction of treatment responses in patients with cancer.We focus on machine learning approaches,for feature extraction and selection during feature engineering and for imbalanced datasets and multi-modality fusion during statistical modeling.Furthermore,we introduce the stability,reproducibility,and interpretability of features,and the generalizability and interpretability of models.Finally,we offer possible solutions to current challenges in radiomics research.

Host-induced silencing of MpPar6 confers Myzus persicae resistance in transgenic rape plants

Plant-mediated RNA interference(RNAi)has emerged as a promising technology for insect control.The green peach aphid,Myzus persicae,feeds on over 400 species of host plants.Brassica napus(rape)is the second most important oilseed crop worldwide.Myzus persicae is highly reproductive and causes severe damage to the rape plants due to its quite flexible life cycle.In this study,we tested the RNAi effects of transgenic rape plants on M.persicae.By in vitro feeding M.persicae with artificial diets containing double-stranded RNAs(dsRNAs)targeting seven aphid genes,we identified a new gene encoding the partitioning-defective protein 6(Par6)as the most potent RNAi target.Tissue-and stage-expression analysis of Par6 suggested this gene is highly expressed in the embryo and adult stage of M.persicae.We next generated transgenic rape plants expressing ds Par6 by Agrobacteriummediated transformation and obtained nine independent transgenic lines.Compared to wild-type control plants,transgenic rape lines expressing ds Par6 showed strong resistance to M.persicae.Feeding assays revealed that feeding transgenic rape plants to M.persicae significantly decreased MpPar6 expression and survival rate and impaired fecundity.Furthermore,we showed that the resistance levels to M.persicae are positively correlated with ds Par6 expression levels in transgenic rape plants.Our study demonstrates that transgenic rape plants expressing ds Par6 are efficiently protected from M.persicae.Interfering with the genes involved in embryo development could be the effective RNAi targets for controlling aphids and potentially other insect pests.

多三元环季铵自燃离子液体的合成及性能

以三元碳环作为张力能结构单元,合成了基于N,N‑(二环丙基甲基)环丙胺为阳离子,二氰胺根和氰基硼氢根为阴离子的系列离子液体。采用核磁(NMR)、红外光谱(IR)和高分辨率质谱(HRMS)等表征方法,确认了所得离子液体的结构,并对其物化性质(如熔点、热分解温度、密度、粘度、生成焓、比冲和点火延迟时间)进行了测定或计算。结果表明:设计合成的10种离子液体均能与白烟硝酸(WFNA)发生自燃,氰基硼氢类离子液体与相应的二氰胺类离子液体相比,点火延迟时间更短。张力环结构的引入可提高离子液体生成焓(0.87~1.96 kJ∙g^(-1)),三元环结构紧凑的堆积有利于提高离子液体密度(1.01~1.18 g∙cm^(-3)),张力环基自燃离子液体表现出更高的密度比冲(436.7~454.4 s·g·cm^(-3))。分子结构中引入张力环基团为提高自燃离子液体的能量密度提供了新的思路。

我国绿色工业建筑发展现状与案例分析

我国的工业生产能耗和建筑能耗是社会能源消耗最大的两个领域,工业建筑能耗尤其应加以重视。GB/T 50878—2013《绿色工业建筑评价标准》对建筑和生产工艺两个方面进行了评价,对包括能源在内的多种资源的节约、室内外环境质量和职业健康提出了性能评价要求和设计策略。自2013年《绿色工业建筑评价标准》发布以来,我国绿色工业建筑项目呈现稳步增长趋势,发展绿色工业建筑是工业领域贯彻落实节能减排、大气污染防治和可持续发展的重要途径。

心脏手术体外循环中使用i-STAT-Kaolin ACT和Medtronic ACTⅡ测量活化凝血时间的比较研究

目的评价心脏外科手术患者在体外循环过程中使用i-STAT-Kaolin测得的活化凝血时间(ACT)与传统常用Medtronic ACTⅡ测得的ACT的差异性及相关性。方法选择2017年8-11月于南京医科大学附属南京医院择期行心脏外科手术患者共48例作为研究对象,在术中随机选取多个时间点共抽取395份血标本,分别用两种方法进行双管检测,所测得数据进行线性回归和Pearson相关系数分析,以评估二者的一致性,采用Bland-Altman分析评价偏倚。结果i-STAT-Kaolin ACT检测范围为114~962 s,Medtronic ACTⅡ检测范围为58~999 s,线性回归分析两种检测方法全范围的测量值,r^2=0.85,P<0.05,回归方程为Y=0.92X+31.02;Pearson相关分析r=0.92,P<0.05。Bland-Altman一致性分析认为两种检测方法测得的结果具有较好的一致性。结论在体外循环中,i-STAT-Kaolin ACT和Medtronic ACTⅡ两种检测方法之间有很好的一致性。两种检测方法均符合临床应用的要求,可以采用i-STAT-Kaolin ACT取代Medtronic ACTⅡ。

盐碱胁迫对药用植物羊蹄三种药用成分的影响

本文研究不同浓度盐碱环境下羊蹄中3种药用成分大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的含量变化,并探讨盐碱胁迫对3种药用成分的影响。采用超声波辅助法制备供试品溶液应用华谱Unitary C;色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)以甲醇(A)-0.1%磷酸水溶液(B)为流动相;梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,柱温设置35℃;检测波长254 nm进样量20μL建立羊蹄指纹图谱,测定3种药用成分的含量,分析盐碱胁迫对其3种药用成分的影响和中药指纹的整体变化。结果显示,在盐胁迫下,羊蹄根部大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚都在盐浓度为200mmol/L时含量达到最大,且显著高于对照;羊蹄茎叶大黄素含量在盐浓度为40 mmol/L时相对较高,但低于对照处理,大黄酚和大黄素甲醚含量在盐浓度为160 mmol/L时最大且高于对照处理。在碱胁迫下,羊蹄根部大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚在碱浓度为20mmol/L时含量最大,且高于对照;茎叶大黄素含量在碱浓度为10mmol/L时含量最高,但显著低于对照处理,大黄酚含量在碱浓度为20 mmol/L时显著高于其他处理,大黄素甲醚在碱浓度为10 mmol/L时显著高于其他处理。盐碱胁也影响大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚在羊蹄根部和茎叶当中的分布,盐胁迫对茎叶的影响比较明显,碱胁迫对根部的影响更为显著。中药指纹相似度分析和聚类分析结果显示,盐碱胁迫同样会影响羊蹄次生代谢产物的形成,碱胁迫影响大于盐胁迫。从而得知盐碱胁迫下药用植物羊蹄不仅能够存活,而且在适宜的盐碱浓度下3种有效成分的含量也会提高。

镇江香醋陈酿过程中温度和氧气对挥发性风味物质的影响

为了探究主要贮存环境因素--温度和氧气对镇江香醋陈酿过程中挥发性风味物质的影响,采用固相萃取和顶空-顶空固相微萃取法结合气相色谱-质谱联用仪对不同模拟陈酿条件下的镇江香醋中香气成分进行检测,并通过主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘法判别法对结果进行分析。结果表明:共定量66种挥发性风味物质,随着陈酿时间延长,多种风味物质含量变化明显,尤其是杂环类物质受影响较大。5-羟甲基糠醛、糠醛、3-羟基-2-丁酮、2,3-丁二酮、乳酸乙酯等物质受温度影响变化较大,而氧气能明显影响2,3-丁二酮、异丁醛、异戊醛、苯甲醛、异丁酸、异戊酸、糠醛、异戊醇和3-甲硫基丙醇的含量变化。该研究分析了温度和氧气对镇江香醋陈酿过程中风味物质的影响规律,同时发现在食醋陈酿过程中温度和氧气对风味物质的产生有协同作用。

基于目标教学理论的雨课堂联合情景模拟在放射治疗科实习护生带教中的应用

目的探讨基于Bloom目标教学理论的雨课堂联合情景模拟教学法在放射治疗科实习护生带教中的应用效果。方法将120例在放射治疗科实习护生按入科先后编号后分为干预组和对照组各60例。对照组采取放射治疗科常规临床护理带教。干预组在放射治疗科常规临床护理带教基础上采取基于Bloom目标教学理论的雨课堂联合情景模拟教学法带教。均实习1个月,出科时采用问卷调查、理论成绩及操作成绩评价带教效果。结果实习结束时干预组护生评判性思维评分,理论、操作成绩及带教满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于Bloom目标教学理论的雨课堂联合情景模拟教学法可显著提高实习护生的评判性思维能力,理论、操作成绩和实习带教满意度。

Galectin-1与胃癌细胞阿帕替尼敏感性的关系及调控机制研究

目的探讨半乳糖凝集素1(Galectin-1)与胃癌细胞株SGC-7901对阿帕替尼敏感性的关系,以及可能的调控机制。方法转染Gal1-siRNA至SGC-7901细胞,并采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)和Western blotting验证干扰效果。另外设置空白对照组和阴性siRNA组。采用MTT法检测细胞对阿帕替尼的敏感性;Annexin V/PI双染法和DAPI法检测阿帕替尼对细胞凋亡活力的影响;Western blotting检测各组细胞中上皮间质转化相关蛋白E-cadherin、Vimentin,以及相关转录因子Snail、Twist、ZEB的表达。结果不同浓度阿帕替尼作用48 h,或25μmol/L阿帕替尼分别作用不同时间,Gal1-siRNA1组细胞增殖抑制率均高于空白对照组(P <0.05)。25μmol/L阿帕替尼处理48 h后,Gal1-siRNA1组细胞凋亡率高于空白对照组(P <0.05)。同时与空白对照组和阴性siRNA组比较,Gal1-siRNA1组细胞E-cadherin蛋白表达升高,而Vimentin和Snail蛋白表达降低(P <0.05)。结论通过siRNA干扰SGC7901细胞Galectin-1 mRNA和蛋白的表达后,细胞对阿帕替尼的敏感性增强,其作用机制可能与抑制上皮间质转化进程有关。

即墨黄酒煮糜工艺对挥发性物质的影响

采用溶剂辅助风味蒸发(solvent assisted flavor evaporation,SAFE)和顶空固相微萃取法(headspace solid-phase microextraction arrow,HS-SPME-ARROW)结合全二维气相色谱-飞行时间质谱技术(comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry,GC×GC-TOFMS)对即墨黄酒煮糜前后样品的挥发性化合物进行鉴定与分析。采用2种前处理方法分别在煮糜前后的样品中鉴定出86和403种挥发性组分。煮糜前样品的挥发性化合物以醛类、酮类、醇类和酯类化合物为主,分别检测到37、20、14种;而煮糜后的样品以含氮化合物、醛类、酮类、呋喃类以及吡喃类物质为主,分别检测到77、66、53种。经过煮糜工艺后具有焦香、烘烤香的含氮化合物、呋喃类、吡喃类物质的数量大幅增加,这些物质可能对即墨黄酒的焦香有重要贡献。该研究通过探讨了煮糜工艺对挥发性化合物的影响,为进一步研究即墨黄酒的风味特征提供了理论依据。

鼻内镜辅助RS泪道插管术治疗儿童先天性鼻泪管阻塞

目的:探讨鼻内镜辅助RS泪道插管术治疗泪道探通无效的儿童先天性鼻泪管阻塞的有效性和安全性,指导临床应用。方法:回顾性系列病例研究。选取2016-09/2019-09在我院就诊的泪道探通无效的先天性鼻泪管阻塞患儿158例158眼作为研究对象,患儿均行鼻内镜辅助RS泪道插管术治疗。术后1、3、6mo定期随访。观察患儿性别、年龄、既往泪道探通次数、术前泪道有无分泌物、治疗效果、并发症、鼻泪管阻塞类型。对年龄、探通次数与手术有效率之间的关系做Spearman秩相关系数计算与分析,对不同类型鼻泪管阻塞的手术有效率采用Fisher确切概率法检验,对有无脓性分泌物的手术有效率做χ2检验。结果:总手术有效率为89.9%(142/158)。手术有效率随着年龄增长呈下降的趋势(rs=-1.000,P<0.01)。手术有效率随着泪道探通次数增多呈下降的趋势(rs=-1.000,P<0.01)。膜性鼻泪管阻塞手术有效率高于复杂性鼻泪管阻塞(P<0.05)。有无脓性分泌物两种症状的手术有效率无差异(P>0.05)。主要并发症有:假道16眼(10.1%)、泪道引流管提前脱出14眼(8.9%)、眼红、刺激性溢泪18眼(11.4%)、上下泪点对合黏连3眼(1.9%)、泪点肉芽肿1眼(0.6%)。结论:鼻内镜辅助RS泪道插管术治疗泪道探通无效的儿童先天性鼻泪管阻塞有较高有效率,较好的安全性。手术有效率随着年龄增长而下降,随着泪道探通次数增多而下降,膜性鼻泪管阻塞手术有效率高于复杂性鼻泪管阻塞。

The subsurface structure and stratigraphy of the Chang’E-4 landing site:orbital evidence from small craters on the Von Kármán crater floor

Chang’E-4(CE-4)successfully landed on the floor of the Von Kármán crater within the South Pole-Aitken basin(SPA).One of its scientific objectives is to determine the subsurface structure and the thickness of lunar regolith at the landing site and along the traverse route of the Yutu-2 rover.Using orbital data,we employed small craters(diameters<1 km)on the floor of the Von Kármán crater as probes to investigate the subsurface structure and stratigraphy of the CE-4 landing site.In this study,40 dark-haloed craters that penetrate through the surface Finsen ejecta and excavate underlying mare deposits were identified,and 77 bright ray craters that expose only the underlying fresh materials but do not penetrate through the surface Finsen ejecta were found.The excavation depths of these craters and their distances from the Finsen crater center were calculated,and the thickness distribution of Finsen ejecta on the Von Kármán floor was systematically investigated.The boundary between Finsen ejecta and underlying mare basalt at the CE-4 landing site is constrained to a depth of 18 m.We have proposed the stratigraphy for the CE-4 site and interpreted the origins of different layers and the geological history of the Von Kármán crater.These results provide valuable geological background for interpreting data from the Lunar Penetrating Radar(LPR)and Visible and Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer(VNIS)on the Yutu-2 rover.The CE-4 landing site could provide a reference point for crater ejecta distribution and mixing with local materials,to test and improve ejecta thickness models according to the in situ measurements of the CE-4 LPR.

MINDTL： Multiple Incomplete Domains Transfer Learning for Information Recommendation

Collaborative filtering is the most popular and successful information recommendation technique. However, it can suffer from data sparsity issue in cases where the systems do not have sufficient domain information. Transfer learning, which enables information to be transferred from source domains to target domain, presents an unprecedented opportunity to alleviate this issue. A few recent works focus on transferring user-item rating information from a dense domain to a sparse target domain, while almost all methods need that each rating matrix in source domain to be extracted should be complete. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a novel multiple incomplete domains transfer learning model for cross-domain collaborative filtering. The transfer learning process consists of two steps. First, the user-item ratings information in incomplete source domains are compressed into multiple informative compact cluster-level matrixes, which are referred as codebooks. Second, we reconstruct the target matrix based on the codebooks. Specifically, for the purpose of maximizing the knowledge transfer, we design a new algorithm to learn the rating knowledge efficiently from multiple incomplete domains. Extensive experiments on real datasets demonstrate that our proposed approach significantly outperforms existing methods.

超大直径钻孔“以孔代巷”治理上隅角瓦斯技术

为了控制上隅角瓦斯,同时降低工程投入,提出了超大直径钻孔“以孔代巷”的方法控制上隅角瓦斯理论。通过在西曲矿19201工作面回采期间的现场试验发现,超大直径钻孔通过低负压大流量抽采可以有效控制上隅角瓦斯浓度,当抽采量达到2m^3/min时,可将上隅角瓦斯浓度控制在0.5%以下,钻孔的有效范围为相对工作面距离10~45m,优化钻孔间距为35m。此外,相对于传统方法,超大直径钻孔在控制上隅角瓦斯时,具有经济性和时效性等优势。

联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障的疗效观察

目的对不同青白联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障的疗效进行观察分析。方法选取88例2014年1月—2017年12月在我院接受治疗的青光眼合并白内障患者进行分组观察,每组各44例,对照组行白内障囊外摘除术+人工晶体植入术+青光眼小梁切除术治疗,治疗组行白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶体植入术+青光眼小梁切除术治疗。结果对照组治疗总有效率为81.8%,治疗组为97.7%,治疗组明显优于对照组(P <0.05)。治疗组患者术后并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论青白联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障能够获得良好的治疗效果。

Enhanced thermoelectric performance of PEDOT:PSS films via ionic liquid post-treatment

Thermoelectric(TE)energy harvesting can effectively convert waste heat into electricity,which is a crucial technology to solve energy concerns.As a promising candidate for energy conversion,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)has gained significant attention owing to its easy doping,high transparency,and solution processability.However,the TE performance of PEDOT:PSS still needs to be further enhanced.Herein,different approaches have been applied for tuning the TE properties:(i)direct dipping PEDOT:PSS thin films in ionic liquid;(ii)post-treatment of the films with concentrated sulfuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4)),and then dipping in ionic liquid.Besides,the same bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide(TFSI)anion and different cation salts,including 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium(EMIM+)and lithium(Li+),are selected to study the influence of varying cation types on the TE properties of PEDOT:PSS.The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS film treated with H2SO4EMIM:TFSI increase simultaneously,and the resulting maximum power factor is 46.7μW·m^(-1)·K^(-2),which may be attributed to the ionic liquid facilitating the rearrangement of the molecular chain of PEDOT.The work provides a reference for the development of organic films with high TE properties.

Co-Processing Sewage Sludge in Cement Kiln in China

Sewage sludge is the by-product from municipal waste water treatment plant and is highly polluted. How to treat the SS in a solid environmental friendly way is strictly concerned in China. In this article, the SS situation and also the treatment methods in China have been introduced. The advantage and some related issues of co-processing SS in cement kiln have been discussed. The technical model and projects of Huaxin cement for co-processing SS in cement kiln also have been introduced.

吉宁矿2^#煤层瓦斯抽采最佳孔口负压研究

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