In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated.Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrosc...In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated.Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies confirmed that the sulfurization of azurite is not limited to the mineral surface,but rather penetrates into the bulk to form covellite crystal(synCuS),creating favorable conditions for the stable adsorption of xanthate and greatly promoting the azurite flotation.Additionally,as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) analyses,a redox reaction occurred during this process,and Cu(Ⅱ) onto the mineral surface was reduced to Cu(Ⅰ).Correspondingly,reduced S^(2-) was oxidized to(S_(2))^(2-),(S_n)^(-2),and even to deeper oxidation state S~0,(S_(x)O_(y))^(n-) and SO_(4)^(2-).Excess sodium sulfide strengthens copper sulfide to form onto the azurite surface,and provides enough raw material for crystal copper sulfide to grow,resulting in the formation of "flake-like" covellite with a better crystallinity.However,the floatability of azurite decreased dramatically under this condition,because the generated massive colloidal copper sulfide in flotation pulp deteriorates the flotation environment,resulting in a decreased effective adsorption of collector onto azurite surfaces.展开更多
Cold stimulation and exercise are two independent stimulus variables,each yielding unique impacts on human health.However,in many cases,individuals often encounter both factors simultaneously,particularly in colder re...Cold stimulation and exercise are two independent stimulus variables,each yielding unique impacts on human health.However,in many cases,individuals often encounter both factors simultaneously,particularly in colder regions where outdoor physical activity is prevalent.Despite numerous studies exploring the effects of cold exposure and exercise independently,only a limited number of comprehensive reviews have evaluated their combined influence on health.This review aims to bridge this gap by meticulously examining the potential benefits and detriments of both cold stimulation and exercise on human health.Specifically,the review focuses on their impacts on cardiovascular,respiratory,and immune function,as well as the favorable effects of moderate exercise on the human body.While evidence suggests that cold exposure can enhance health outcomes in certain disease contexts,it also poses risks,particularly for vulnerable populations.Furthermore,while moderate exercise is generally beneficial,engaging in physical activity in cold weather conditions can increase the risk of hypothermia,frostbite,and other cold-related injuries.Consequently,there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective guidelines for exercising in cold weather,particularly for individuals living in colder regions.This review emphasizes the necessity for further research on the combined effects of cold stimulation and exercise,with the goal of informing public health policies and guidelines for physical activity in cold weather conditions.展开更多
In this study,the role of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)during the sulfurization of azurite and its response to flotation were investigated.The flotation results showed that adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)prior to sulfurization decreased...In this study,the role of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)during the sulfurization of azurite and its response to flotation were investigated.The flotation results showed that adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)prior to sulfurization decreased the formation of colloid in flotation pulp,and the floatability of the suppressed azurite caused by excess sodium sulfide was restored.After adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)prior to sulfurization,the formation of Cu(NH_(3))_(n) ^(2+)intermediate products changed the path of the sulfurization reaction,which slowed the direct impact of HSon the azurite surface.The nucleation rate was reduced,and the growth of copper sulfide crystal was improved.Covellite(syn,CuS)with larger crystal grains was formed on the azurite surface,thereby enhancing the mechanical stability of copper sulfide products onto the mineral surface.Therefore,the generated copper sulfide colloid significantly reduced,ultimately promoting the effective adsorption of xanthate on the azurite surface.展开更多
The exocyst is an evolutionary conserved octameric complex involved in polarized exocytosis of proteins, neuite outgrowth and constitutive secretion. In addition to its role
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52074138)Basic research project of Yunnan Province (No. 202001AS070030)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing (BGRIMM-KJSKL2020-03)。
文摘In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated.Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies confirmed that the sulfurization of azurite is not limited to the mineral surface,but rather penetrates into the bulk to form covellite crystal(synCuS),creating favorable conditions for the stable adsorption of xanthate and greatly promoting the azurite flotation.Additionally,as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) analyses,a redox reaction occurred during this process,and Cu(Ⅱ) onto the mineral surface was reduced to Cu(Ⅰ).Correspondingly,reduced S^(2-) was oxidized to(S_(2))^(2-),(S_n)^(-2),and even to deeper oxidation state S~0,(S_(x)O_(y))^(n-) and SO_(4)^(2-).Excess sodium sulfide strengthens copper sulfide to form onto the azurite surface,and provides enough raw material for crystal copper sulfide to grow,resulting in the formation of "flake-like" covellite with a better crystallinity.However,the floatability of azurite decreased dramatically under this condition,because the generated massive colloidal copper sulfide in flotation pulp deteriorates the flotation environment,resulting in a decreased effective adsorption of collector onto azurite surfaces.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202008230030).
文摘Cold stimulation and exercise are two independent stimulus variables,each yielding unique impacts on human health.However,in many cases,individuals often encounter both factors simultaneously,particularly in colder regions where outdoor physical activity is prevalent.Despite numerous studies exploring the effects of cold exposure and exercise independently,only a limited number of comprehensive reviews have evaluated their combined influence on health.This review aims to bridge this gap by meticulously examining the potential benefits and detriments of both cold stimulation and exercise on human health.Specifically,the review focuses on their impacts on cardiovascular,respiratory,and immune function,as well as the favorable effects of moderate exercise on the human body.While evidence suggests that cold exposure can enhance health outcomes in certain disease contexts,it also poses risks,particularly for vulnerable populations.Furthermore,while moderate exercise is generally beneficial,engaging in physical activity in cold weather conditions can increase the risk of hypothermia,frostbite,and other cold-related injuries.Consequently,there is an urgent need to develop safe and effective guidelines for exercising in cold weather,particularly for individuals living in colder regions.This review emphasizes the necessity for further research on the combined effects of cold stimulation and exercise,with the goal of informing public health policies and guidelines for physical activity in cold weather conditions.
基金This research project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074138)Basic research project of Yunnan Province(No.202001AS070030)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing(No.BGRIMM-KJSKL-2020-03).
文摘In this study,the role of(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)during the sulfurization of azurite and its response to flotation were investigated.The flotation results showed that adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)prior to sulfurization decreased the formation of colloid in flotation pulp,and the floatability of the suppressed azurite caused by excess sodium sulfide was restored.After adding(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)prior to sulfurization,the formation of Cu(NH_(3))_(n) ^(2+)intermediate products changed the path of the sulfurization reaction,which slowed the direct impact of HSon the azurite surface.The nucleation rate was reduced,and the growth of copper sulfide crystal was improved.Covellite(syn,CuS)with larger crystal grains was formed on the azurite surface,thereby enhancing the mechanical stability of copper sulfide products onto the mineral surface.Therefore,the generated copper sulfide colloid significantly reduced,ultimately promoting the effective adsorption of xanthate on the azurite surface.
文摘The exocyst is an evolutionary conserved octameric complex involved in polarized exocytosis of proteins, neuite outgrowth and constitutive secretion. In addition to its role