Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress.In this study,we identified a ca...Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress.In this study,we identified a calcium ion-binding protein from wheat,TaCCD1,which is critical for regulating the plasma membrane(PM)H^(+)-ATPase-mediated alkali stress response.PM H+-ATPase activity is closely related to alkali tolerance in the wheat variety Shanrong 4(SR4).We found that two D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases,TaPP2C.D1 and TaPP2C.D8(TaPP2C.D1/8),negatively modulate alkali stress tolerance by dephosphorylating the penultimate threonine residue(Thr926)of TaHA2 and thereby inhibiting PM H+-ATPase activity.Alkali stress induces the expression of TaCCD1 in SR4,and TaCCD1 interacts with TaSAUR215,an early auxin-responsive protein.These responses are both dependent on calcium signaling triggered by alkali stress.TaCCD1 enhances the inhibitory effect of TaSAUR215 on TaPP2C.D1/8 activity,thereby promoting the activity of the PM H^(+)-ATPase TaHA2 and alkali stress tolerance in wheat.Functional and genetic analyses verified the effects of these genes in response to alkali stress,indicating that TaPP2C.D1/8 function downstream of TaSAUR215 and TaCCD1.Collectively,this study uncovers a new signaling pathway that regulates wheat responses to alkali stress,in which Ca^(2+)-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance PM H+-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting TaPP2C.D1/8-mediated dephosphorylation of PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 in wheat.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020JQ14 and ZR2019ZD16)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872864,32171935,31722038,31720103910,and U1906202)+2 种基金the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province(2022LZGC002)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1201700)the Project for Scientific Research Innovation Team of Young Scholar in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province(2020KJE002).
文摘Alkali stress is a major constraint for crop production in many regions of saline-alkali land.However,little is known about the mechanisms through which wheat responds to alkali stress.In this study,we identified a calcium ion-binding protein from wheat,TaCCD1,which is critical for regulating the plasma membrane(PM)H^(+)-ATPase-mediated alkali stress response.PM H+-ATPase activity is closely related to alkali tolerance in the wheat variety Shanrong 4(SR4).We found that two D-clade type 2C protein phosphatases,TaPP2C.D1 and TaPP2C.D8(TaPP2C.D1/8),negatively modulate alkali stress tolerance by dephosphorylating the penultimate threonine residue(Thr926)of TaHA2 and thereby inhibiting PM H+-ATPase activity.Alkali stress induces the expression of TaCCD1 in SR4,and TaCCD1 interacts with TaSAUR215,an early auxin-responsive protein.These responses are both dependent on calcium signaling triggered by alkali stress.TaCCD1 enhances the inhibitory effect of TaSAUR215 on TaPP2C.D1/8 activity,thereby promoting the activity of the PM H^(+)-ATPase TaHA2 and alkali stress tolerance in wheat.Functional and genetic analyses verified the effects of these genes in response to alkali stress,indicating that TaPP2C.D1/8 function downstream of TaSAUR215 and TaCCD1.Collectively,this study uncovers a new signaling pathway that regulates wheat responses to alkali stress,in which Ca^(2+)-dependent TaCCD1 cooperates with TaSAUR215 to enhance PM H+-ATPase activity and alkali stress tolerance by inhibiting TaPP2C.D1/8-mediated dephosphorylation of PM H+-ATPase TaHA2 in wheat.
