新疆地区蚱类昆虫物种多样性及种类修订(直翅目:蚱科)

对新疆维吾尔自治区的蚱类昆虫物种多样性进行了修订和澄清。该地区共记录3种蚱:钻形蚱Tetrix subulata(Linnaeus,1758),隆背蚱Tetrix tartara(Saussure,1887)和土氏蚱Tetrix tuerki(Krauss,1876)。同物异名修订如下:1)钻形蚱Tetrix subulata(Linnaeus,1758)=拟钻形蚱Tetrix subulatoides Zheng,Zhang,Yang&Wang,2006,syn.nov.;2)隆背蚱Tetrix tartara(Saussure,1887)=福海蚱Tetrix fuhaiensis Zheng,Zhang,Yang&Wang,2006,syn.nov.,=精河蚱Tetrix jingheensis Liang&Zheng,1998,syn.nov.,=亚锐隆背蚱Tetrix tartara subacuta Bey-Bienko,1951,syn.nov.,=新疆蚱Tetrix xinjiangensis Zheng,1996,syn.nov.;3)土氏蚱Tetrix tuerki(Krauss,1876)=瘤股蚱Tetrix torulosifemura Deng,2016,nomen nudum。本文更新了3种蚱的分布信息,排除了波氏蚱Tetrix bolivari Saulcy,1901在中国、以及暂时排除日本蚱Tetrix japonica(Bolívar,1887)在新疆的分布。

鲢鱼放养密度对水体中浮游藻类的影响

2013年4~9月调查了山西省永济市温流水良种繁育场鲢鱼放养密度对水体浮游藻类,特别是蓝藻细胞丰度以及溶氧量的影响。两组鱼塘,一组为低密度鲢鱼养殖(21.2 g/m3),一组为高密度鲢鱼养殖(42.4 g/m3)。调查结果显示:1) 高密度鲢鱼放养鱼塘溶氧高于低密度鲢鱼放养鱼塘;2) 初期水体的浮游藻类总细胞丰度差异不大,但后期鲢鱼高密度放养鱼塘浮游藻类总细胞丰度低于低密度放养鱼塘;3) 初期两种密度鲢鱼养殖池塘中的蓝藻细胞丰度差异不大,后期高密度鲢鱼养殖池塘比低密度鲢鱼养殖池塘中的蓝藻细胞丰度明显降低,在浮游藻类总细胞丰度中所占比例也有同样的变化趋势;4) 两种养殖密度下,后期高密度养殖池塘中优势种有由蓝藻门向其他门类变化的趋势。总体结论,高密度鲢鱼养殖较低密度鲢鱼养殖可以更有效地控制和减少水体中的浮游藻类细胞丰度,特别是蓝藻的细胞丰度,更有利于水质净化,同时也提高了渔产潜力。

Performance, optimization, and mechanism of nitric oxide removal by thiourea dioxide/Fe^ⅡEDTA reaction systems

In this work,a new innovative absorption system containing both thiourea dioxide(TD)and FeⅡEDTA was used to NO removal.The independently influences of O2 volume concentration,TD concentration,original p H value and absorbent temperature on NO removal in bubbling device were examined preliminarily.The results revealed that the NO removal efficiency firstly increased and then decreased with the increasing of the three independent variables(O2 volume concentration,TD concentration and temperature).However,the NO removal efficiency monotonously increased to some extent with p H value increasing from 6.5 to 10.5.In addition,the respective effects of the four variables and the interactive function of them on NO removal were checked with the response surface methodology(RSM)by central composite design(CCD).The calculative model showed that pH value possessed a main positive independent impact on NO removal.Furthermore,the interactive effects between any two factors were expounded by the 3D surface and counter plots.Finally,the optimum absorption conditions for the maximum NO removal at 94.3%experimentally and 95.8%statistically were obtained in O2 volume content of 6.0%,TD concentration of 0.02 mol·L^-1,original p H value of 10.5 and absorption temperature of 42℃.

Impeding the combination of astrocytic ASCT2 and NLRP3 by talniflumate alleviates neuroinflammation in experimental models of Parkinson's disease

Alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2(ASCT2)is reported to participate in the progression of tumors and metabolic diseases.It is also considered to play a crucial role in the glutamate-glutamine shuttle of neuroglial network.However,it remains unclear the involvement of ASCT2 in neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease(PD).In this study,we demonstrated that high expression of ASCT2 in the plasma samples of PD patients and the midbrain of MPTP mouse models is positively correlated with dyskinesia.We further illustrated that ASCT2 expressed in astrocytes rather than neurons significantly upregulated in response to either MPP+or LPS/ATP challenge.Genetic ablation of astrocytic ASCT2 alleviated the neuroinflammation and rescued dopaminergic(DA)neuron damage in PD models in vitro and in vivo.Notably,the binding of ASCT2 to NLRP3 aggravates astrocytic inflammasometriggered neuroinflammation.Then a panel of 2513 FDA-approved drugs were performed via virtual molecular screening based on the target ASCT2 and we succeed in getting the drug talniflumate.It is validated talniflumate impedes astrocytic inflammation and prevents degeneration of DA neurons in PD models.Collectively,these findings reveal the role of astrocytic ASCT2 in the pathogenesis of PD,broaden the therapeutic strategy and provide a promising candidate drug for PD treatment.

GSDMD in peripheral myeloid cells regulates microglial immune training and neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease

Peripheral bacterial infections without impaired blood brain barrier integrity have been attributed to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease(PD).Peripheral infection promotes innate immune training in microglia and exacerbates neuroinflammation.However,how changes in the peripheral environment mediate microglial training and exacerbation of infection-related PD is unknown.In this study,we demonstrate that GSDMD activation was enhanced in the spleen but not in the CNS of mice primed with low-dose LPS.GSDMD in peripheral myeloid cells promoted microglial immune training,thus exacerbating neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration during PD in an IL-1R-dependent manner.Furthermore,pharmacological inhibition of GSDMD alleviated the symptoms of PD in experimental PD models.Collectively,these findings demonstrate that GSDMD-induced pyroptosis in myeloid cells initiates neuroinflammation by regulating microglial training during infection-related PD.Based on these findings,GSDMD may serve as a therapeutic target for patients with PD.

Nitric oxide removal from flue gas coupled with the Fe^(II)EDTA regeneration by ultraviolet irradiation

During wet complexation denitrification of flue gas,Fe^(II)EDTA regeneration,also known as reducing Fe^(II)IEDTA and Fe^(II)EDTA-nitric oxide(NO)to Fe^(II)EDTA,is crucial.In this paper,ultraviolet(UV)light was used for the first time to reduce Fe^(II)EDTA-NO.The experimental result demonstrated that Fe^(II)EDTA-NO reduction rate increased with UV power increasing,elevated temperature,and initial Fe^(II)EDTA-NO concentration decreasing.Fe^(II)EDTA-NO reduction rate increased first and then decreased as pH value increased(2.0e10.0).Fe^(II)EDTA-NO reduction with UV irradiation presented a first order reaction with respect to Fe^(II)EDTA-NO.Compared with other Fe^(II)EDTA regeneration methods,Fe^(II)EDTA regeneration with UV show more superiority through comprehensive consideration of regeneration rate and procedure.Subsequently,NO absorption experiment by Fe^(II)EDTA solution with UV irradiation confirmed that UV can significantly promote the NO removal performance of Fe^(II)EDTA.Appropriate oxygen concentration(3%(vol))and acidic environment(pH=4)was favorable for NO removal.With UV power increasing as well as temperature decreasing,NO removal efficiency rose.In addition,the mechanism research indicates that NO from flue gas is mostly converted to NO_(2)-,NO_(3)-,NH_(4)^(+),N_(2),and N_(2)O with Fe^(II)EDTA absorption liquid with UV irradiation.UV strengthens NO removal in Fe^(II)EDTA absorption liquid by forming a synergistic effect of oxidationereductionecomplexation.Finally,compared with NO removal methods with Fe^(II)EDTA,Fe^(II)EDTA combined UV system shows prominent technology advantage in terms of economy and secondary pollution.

Iron Isotopes and Trace Element Compositions of Magnetite from the Submarine Volcanic-Hosted Iron Deposits in East Tianshan,NW China:New Insights into the Mineralization Processes

The Aqishan-Yamansu metallogenic belt(AYMB)in East Tianshan hosts abundant sub-marine volcanic-hosted iron deposits.Although there is agreement with the magmatic source of the ore-forming materials and the role of hydrothermal replacement in iron ore formation,the mineraliza-tion processes of these iron deposits remain uncertain.Three ore types are identified on the basis of the geological occurrences of minerals and the sequence of mineral in ores.The typeⅠores are characte-rized by magnetite,diopside,amphibole with a few pyrite,and chalcopyrite.The type II ores are mainly composed of magnetite,garnet,chlorite with a few pyrite,while the type III ores are mainly composed of magnetite,quartz,calcite with a few pyrite.In order to constrain the mineralization processes of these ore types,we performed iron isotopes and trace element compositions of magnetite from three typical iron deposits(Yamansu,Duotoushan and Luotuofeng).Trace element and Fe isotope investiga-tions of the three ore types reveal two major groups.The groupⅠconsists of analyses of the typeⅠandⅡores,with both showing a narrow range of positiveδ56Fe values(+0.08‰to+0.22‰for typeⅠores and+0.15‰ to+0.22‰ for typeⅡores)and plotting in the range of the ortho-magmatic field.In contrast,the group 2 is composed merely of the typeⅢores,showing a wider range of negativeδ56Fe values(-0.49‰ to-0.01‰),which is similar to the features of Fe-skarn magnetite.As shown in the binary dia-grams of magnetite trace elements and a fractionation of the Fe isotopes,different ore types were likely produced during gradually changing ore-forming stages from magmatic to hydrothermal.Collectively,the submarine volcanic-hosted iron deposits in the East Tianshan are likely the results of a continuous magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization process.

ESTIMATION ON SEMIVARYING COEFFICIENT MODELS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF SMOOTHNESS

Semivarying coefficient models are frequently used in statistical models.In this paper,under the condition that the coefficient functions possess different degrees of smoothness,a two-stepmethod is proposed.In the case,one-step method for the smoother coefficient functions cannot beoptimal.This drawback can be repaired by using the two-step estimation procedure.The asymptoticmean-squared error for the two-step procedure is obtained and is shown to achieve the optimal rate ofconvergence.A few simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the proposed estimation methods.

Two 2D uranyl coordination complexes showing effective photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B and mechanism study

Two new hydrostable two-dimensional(2 D) uranyl coordination complexes [(UO_(2))_(5)(μ_(3)-O)_(2)(nbca)_(2)].7 H_(2)O(1) and [(UO_(2))_(3)(nbca)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(3)]·2 H_(2)O(2)(H_(3) nbca=5-nitro-1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic acid) were hydrothermal synthesized.Single-crystal structural refinements reveal that both of the two complexes were formed by the packing of 2D uranyl coordination sheets via the hydrogen bonds.The nbca ligand coordinating to the uranyl polyhedron centers constructed the 2D sheets.There are UO8 hexagonal bipyramids and UO7 pentagonal bipyramids in 1 while only U07 pentagonal bipyramids in 2.Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB) in aqueous solution was studied.Complex 2 possesses better performance than 1 with 96.2 % of the RhB was degraded in only 60 min.Mechanism studies reveal that the dissolved oxygens are essential to the RhB degradation.The photocurrent density of 2 is more stable than that of 1,which indicating the stronger ability to separate photoexcited electrons and hole pairs of 2.