A Review of 3D Printing Technology for Medical Applications

Donor shortages for organ transplantations are a major clinical challenge worldwide. Potential risks that are inevitably encountered with traditional methods include complications, secondary injuries, and limited source donors. Three-dimensional （3D） printing technology holds the potential to solve these limitations; it can he used to rapidly manufacture personalized tissue engineering scaffolds, repair tissue defects in situ with cells, and even directly print tissue and organs. Such printed implants and organs not only perfectly match the patient＇s damaged tissue, hut can also have engineered material microstructures and cell arrangements to promote cell growth and differentiation. Thus, such implants allow the desired tissue repair to he achieved, and could eventually solve the donor-shortage problem. This review summarizes relevant studies and recent progress on four levels, introduces different types of biomedical materials, and discusses existing problems and development issues with 3D printing that are related to materials and to the construction of extracellular matrix in vitro for medical applications.

Breeding of a New Tussah Variety "Gaoyou 1"

The new tussah variety " Gaoyou 1" adopted " Kangda" as the basic material,used the method of systematic breeding,and adopted the method of regional feeding,systematic separation and directional cultivation. At the same time,taking into account the comprehensive balance of various economic indicators,through 8 years and 16 generations of systematic breeding,a new tussah variety with high fat content was bred. The breeding results showed that the whole cocoon weight was 12. 3 g,the thousand-cocoon weight was 11. 8 kg,the cocoon filament length was 1 222 m,the hundred-cocoon fiber weight was 125. 6 g,the cocoon filament size was 6. 21 D,the raw silk percentage of fresh cocoon was 8. 48%,the unified viability of pupae was 93. 2%,the oil content of single moth was 0. 55 g and the oil content was 56. 17%.

Pure red cell aplasia and minimal residual disease conversion associated with immune reconstitution in a patient with high-risk multiplemyeloma

Dear Editor,Multiple myeloma(MM)is characterized by the excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobin.As a lot of novel agents were approved during the last two decades,deeper responses and longer survival have been achieved in MM patients,such as minimal residual disease(MRD)measured via flow cytometry(FCM).l The development of oligoclonal bands(OB)and immunoglobin isotype(Ig)switch predicted favorable outcomes after high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT)in newly diagnosed MM(NDMM)patients.2 However,even if the appearance of OB is linked to a better response,MRD negativity requires further discussion.