Translocation of telomerase reverse transcriptase coincided with ATP release in postnatal cochlear supporting cells

The spontaneous bursts of electrical activity in the developing auditory system are derived from the periodic release of adenosine triphosphate(ATP)by supporting cells in the Kölliker’s organ.However,the mechanisms responsible for initiating spontaneous ATP release have not been determined.Our previous study revealed that telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT)is expressed in the basilar membrane during the first postnatal week.Its role in cochlear development remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the expression and role of TERT in postnatal cochlea supporting cells.Our results revealed that in postnatal cochlear Kölliker’s organ supporting cells,TERT shifts from the nucleus into the cytoplasm over time.We found that the TERT translocation tendency in postnatal cochlear supporting cells in vitro coincided with that observed in vivo.Further analysis showed that TERT in the cytoplasm was mainly located in mitochondria in the absence of oxidative stress or apoptosis,suggesting that TERT in mitochondria plays roles other than antioxidant or anti-apoptotic functions.We observed increased ATP synthesis,release and activation of purine signaling systems in supporting cells during the first 10 postnatal days.The phenomenon that TERT translocation coincided with changes in ATP synthesis,release and activation of the purine signaling system in postnatal cochlear supporting cells suggested that TERT may be involved in regulating ATP release and activation of the purine signaling system.Our study provides a new research direction for exploring the spontaneous electrical activity of the cochlea during the early postnatal period.

Microgels for Cell Delivery in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Microgels prepared from natural or synthetic hydrogel materials have aroused extensive attention as multifunctional cells or drug carriers,that are promising for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Microgels can also be aggregated into microporous scaffolds,promoting cell infiltration and proliferation for tissue repair.This review gives an overview of recent developments in the fabrication techniques and applications of microgels.A series of conventional and novel strategies including emulsification,microfluidic,lithography,electrospray,centrifugation,gas-shearing,three-dimensional bioprinting,etc.are discussed in depth.The characteristics and applications of microgels and microgel-based scaffolds for cell culture and delivery are elaborated with an emphasis on the advantages of these carriers in cell therapy.Additionally,we expound on the ongoing and foreseeable applications and current limitations of microgels and their aggregate in the field of biomedical engineering.Through stimulating innovative ideas,the present review paves new avenues for expanding the application of microgels in cell delivery techniques.

Large-Area Monolayer n-Type Molecular Semiconductors with Improved Thermal Stability and Charge Injection

We fabricated monolayer n-type two-dimensional crystalline semiconducting films with millimeter-sized areas and remarkable morphological uniformity using an antisolvent-confined spin-coating method.The antisolvent can cause a downstream Marangoni flow,which improves the film morphologies.The deposited crystalline monolayer films exhibit excellent thermal stabilities after annealing,which reveals the annealing-induced enhancement of crystallinity.The transistors based on the n-type monolayer crystalline films show linear output characteristics and superior electron mobilities.The improved charge injection between monolayer films and Au electrodes results from the energy level shift as the films decrease to the monolayer,which leads to a lower injection barrier.This work demonstrates a promising method for fabricating air-stable,low-cost,high-performance,and large-area organic electronics.

The source and formation characteristics of the Zhujiadun gas reservoirs in the Yancheng Sag, Subei Basin

The Yancheng Sag is a favorable exploration area in the Subei Basin. However, the key geological understanding of the natural gas source and reservoir formation characteristics of the sag is still controversial. Based on a set of organic geochemical experiments conducted on natural gas and associated condensate oil of the first member of the Funing Formation (E1f1) in well YCh5 and well data analysis, the oil-gas resources and reservoir formation model in the Zhujiadun gas reservoir in the Yancheng Sag, Subei Basin, were investigated. The results of this study are as follows. (1) The natural gas in the Zhujiadun gas reservoir is dry gas with high methane content, low heavy hydrocarbon content, and high maturity. The characteristics of carbon and hydrogen isotopes in the natural gas indicate that the natural gas is oil-cracked gas, which mainly originates from the source rocks of the Permian Qixia Formation. (2) The condensate oil from well YCh5 with a high degree of maturity has a high pristane/phytane ratio, low gamma-paraffin abundance, and low tricyclic terpene abundance, indicating a mixture of the Upper Paleozoic condensate oil and Cenozoic crude oil. The saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons have similar δ13C values to the Cenozoic continental crude oil. These features suggest two sources of condensate oil. (3) Oils generated from the source rocks of the Qixia Formation were cracked into highly mature gas after deep burial, which migrated along large faults into the sandstones of the E1f1 and K1t1 members. This type of reservoir was effectively preserved beneath the overlying mudstone cap rocks. Therefore, it can be inferred that a play fairway might occur in the eastern zone of the faults connected to the Paleozoic source rocks in the Yancheng Sag since this zone has similar petroleum geological conditions to well YCh5. Therefore, this zone is a favorable area for further exploration.

磁性Co/C纳米复合材料的合成及其对水中刚果红吸附性能研究

介绍一个由科研成果转化形成的大学综合化学实验,本综合实验设计以金属有机框架材料ZIF-67为前驱体,通过高温热解法合成磁性Co/C纳米复合材料,并将其应用于水中刚果红有机染料的吸附性能研究。在本实验中用X射线粉末衍射仪和扫描电镜对材料的基本结构和形貌进行了表征,利用紫外-可见分光光度计绘制了刚果红的标准曲线,并详细考查了磁性Co/C纳米复合材料对刚果红染料的吸附性能,且对吸附动力学和吸附等温线进行了拟合和分析。本实验操作简单,实验结果稳定,适用于大学生综合化学实验。本实验涵盖了无机-有机杂化材料合成、结构表征、有机染料浓度定量分析、动力学和吸附等温线的测定以及数据拟合分析等化学专业基础和实验操作技能,不仅有利于提高学生的综合实验能力,也可以培养学生的科研兴趣,拓展学生的视野。

“三位一体”助力分析化学相关实验类课程的改革

科学技术进步与社会需求变化对大学的实验教学提出了更高要求。为了迎接新形势下的需求与挑战,广西师范大学化学与药学学院从实验的教学内容、教学方法与教学效果评价等方面对分析化学实验、药物分析实验以及综合化学实验的教学工作提出改革,提高学生的创新能力与实验动手能力,促进了培养具有良好科学素养的卓越人才。

地方高等师范院校国家级化学一流专业建设探索与实践——以广西师范大学为例

在新时代教育部全面实施普通高等学校师范类专业认证、卓越教师培养计划2.0和一流本科专业建设“双万计划”的背景下,地方高等师范院校一流专业发展迎来了新的机遇和挑战。以广西师范大学化学专业(师范类)“三性•三能•三课”卓越教师职前培养模式为例,从“大类招生、分流培养”模式、专业课程群构建、课堂教学改革、师范生教学能力培养等方面梳理了一流师范专业建设的路径与成效。

Distributive characteristics of projection from vestibular nuclei to nucleus raphe magnus in rats

BACKGROUND： Morphological studies have confirmed that vestibular nuclei accepts serotoninergic projections from nucleus raphe magnus, nucleus raphes pallidus, etc. But it is still unclear whether there is bi-directional association between vestibular nuclei and nucleus raphe magnus. OBJECTIVE： To observe the characteristics of projective fibers from vestibular nuclei to nucleus raphe magnus using tetramethyl rhodamine （TMR） in rats, so as to provide more sufficient morphological evidence of neural association from vestibular nuclei. DESIGN： An observational experiment. SETTING： Department of Anatomy （K.K. Leung Brain Research Center）, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS： Eighteen male SD rats of clean degree, weighing 250-280 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. METHODS： The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Anatomy （K.K. Leung Brain Research Center）, the Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from September 2006 to January 2007. All the rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium, then according to the coordinates on the rat brain atlas, 0.1 μL TMR （100 g/L） was injected into nucleus raphes magnus via the tip of glass microtubule by means of microinjection. Seven days later, the rats were anesthetized, then perfused and fixed to remove brain, and then frozen coronal brain sections were prepared. The retrogradely labeled neurons in the injected and projected sites were observed under fluorescence microscope. Light filters with evoked wave length of 540-553 nm and emission wave length ≥ 1 580 nm were selected to observe the orange TMR-labeled neurons. All the sections were observed and counted under the fluorescence microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Characteristics and number of retrogradely labeled neurons at different sites of nuclei. RESULTS： Totally 18 SD rats were enrolled, 9 of them were excluded due to the deviation of injected site, and the other 9 were involved in the final analysis of results. The concentrated region of TMR injection was mainly restricted to nucleus raphes magnus, and diffused to the surrounding area to different extents. There were obvious differences in the distributions of the labeled neurons among the subdivisions in vestibular nuclei, as well as the distributions of the labeled neurons at different sites in the same subdivision. The majority of the labeled neurons distributed in the rostral levels of medial vestibular nucleus and the lateral vestibular nucleus, while fewer labeled neurons were observed in superior vestibular nucleus. CONCLUSION： ① There might be bi-directional association between vestibular nucli and nucleus raphe magnus, suggesting that nucleus raphe magnus played a role in the transmission and processing of vestibular information. ② The projection from nucleus raphe magnus to vestibular nucleus has certain distributive characteristics in the region.

Effect of Nd2O3 doping on the electrical properties of Ba0.96Ca0.04Ti0.90Sn0.10O3 ceramics

The Ba（0.96）Ca（0.04）Ti（0.90）Sn（0.10）O3-xNd2 O3（x = 0-0.08%） ceramics were prepared via traditional solid-state sintering method. The influences of Nd3＋ substitution on the phase structure, dielectric properties,piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated. All the samples possess pure BaTiO3-type perovskite structure. MPB with orthorhombic and tetragonal phase coexist at around x = 0.03-0.04. Nd^（3＋） doping decreases both Tc and T（O-T） to lower temperature. All the samples exhibit an intermediate state with the coexistence of ferroelectric and diffuse relaxor ferroelectric behavior with the addition of Nd^（3＋）. The electric properties of the ceramics were optimized at x = 0.03 with d33, Kp, εr and Pr values of 545 pC/N, 51.9%, 24,412 and 10.74 μC/cm^2.