Vapor Phase Polymerization Deposition Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites on Porous Dielectric Surface as High Performance Electrode Materials

We report chemical vapor phase polymerization(VPP) deposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT) and PEDOT/graphene on porous dielectric tantalum pentoxide(Ta_2O_5) surface as cathode films for solid tantalum electrolyte capacitors. The modified oxidant/oxidant-graphene films were first deposited on Ta_2O_5 by dip-coating, and VPP process was subsequently utilized to transfer oxidant/oxidant-graphene into PEDOT/PEDOT-graphene films. The SEM images showed PEDOT/PEDOT-graphene films was successfully constructed on porous Ta_2O_5 surface through VPP deposition, and a solid tantalum electrolyte capacitor with conducting polymer-graphene nano-composites as cathode films was constructed. The high conductivity nature of PEDOT-graphene leads to resistance decrease of cathode films and lower contact resistance between PEDOT/graphene and carbon paste. This nano-composite cathode films based capacitor showed ultralow equivalent series resistance(ESR) ca. 12 m? and exhibited excellent capacitance-frequency performance, which can keep 82% of initial capacitance at 500 KHz. The investigation on leakage current revealed that the device encapsulation process has no influence on capacitor leakage current, indicating the excellent mechanical strength of PEDOT/PEDOT-gaphene films. This high conductivity and mechanical strength of graphene-based polymer films shows promising future for electrode materials such as capacitors, organic solar cells and electrochemical energy storage devices.

A quantitative assessment on groundwater salinization in the Tarim River lower reaches,Northwest China

Based on monitored data from 840 samples, we assessed the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater salinization in the Tarim River lower reaches combining classical statistics and geostatistics. Results show that total dissolved solids （TDS） is significantly correlated with other related ions, such as Na＋, Mg2＋, Ca2-, C1- and K＋. TDS and underground water level have characteristics of spatial autocorrelation, both of which present the isotropic characteristic and con- form to the spherical model in each year from 2001-2009. TDS is basically greater than 1 g/L but less than 2 g/L in the Tarim River lower reaches, which indicates that salt stagnation pollution is more serious. The most serious salinization （3 g/L 〈 TDS _〈 35 g/L） contaminated area is mainly in the middle and lower part of the study area.

Spatial-temporal variations of vegetation cover in Yellow River Basin of China during 1998-2008

Using an integrated method combining wavelet analysis and non-parameter Mann-Kendall test, this paper analyzed spatial-temporal variations of vegetation cover in the Yellow River Basin based on SPOT-VEG images from 1998 to 2008 The results indicate： （1） Vegetation cover presented marked seasonal variation during the study period, with minima around winter and maxima in summer. The detail component D5 （with semi-period of 240 days） has presented a major contribution to the intra-armual variability. Forest vegetation presents a marked decreasing trend, while alpine shrubs, meadow, typical steppe, desert steppe, and forest （meadow） steppe vegetation all show a marked increasing trend. （2） Mean vegetation amount increased from the upper to lower reaches of the basin. It is low in the Ordos Plateau and Loess Plateau, and high in the southern Loess Plateau and the lower reaches. Amplitude of the annual phenological cycle pre- sents an opposite pattern in spatial distribution with that of the mean vegetation amount. （3） Vegetation cover presented a dominant positive inter-annual change trend, which implies that the eco-environment in the region has steadily improved. Only a few areas show a negative trend, which are located in the upper reaches and the southern Loess Plateau.

Complex network analysis of climate change in the Tarim River Basin, Northwest China

The complex network theory provides an approach for understanding the complexity of climate change from a new perspective.In this study,we used the coarse graining process to convert the data series of daily mean temperature and daily precipitation from 1961 to 2011 into symbol sequences consisting of five characteristic symbols(i.e.,R,r,e,d and D),and created the temperature fluctuation network(TFN)and precipitation fluctuation network(PFN)to discover the complex network characteristics of climate change in the Tarim River Basin of Northwest China.The results show that TFN and PEN both present characteristics of scale-free network and small-world network with short average path length and high clustering coefficient.The nodes with high degree in TFN are RRR,d RR and Re R while the nodes with high degree in PFN are rre,rrr,eee and err,which indicates that climate change modes represented by these nodes have large probability of occurrence.Symbol R and r are mostly included in the important nodes of TFN and PFN,which indicate that the fluctuating variation in temperature and precipitation in the Tarim River Basin mainly are rising over the past 50 years.The nodes RRR,DDD,Re R,RRd,DDd and Ree are the hub nodes in TFN,which undertake 19.71%betweenness centrality of the network.The nodes rre,rrr,eee and err are the hub nodes in PFN,which undertake 13.64%betweenness centrality of the network.

Adaptability of Polymer-Containing Sewage Corrosion Inhibitor

The polymer content in the produced water from Tuoliu Station is about 20 mg/L. Cationic imidazoline-type corrosion inhibitor is used to corrosion control of sewage. The corrosion inhibitor can react with the negatively charged materials such as anionic polymer and suspended substance by adsorption and merging to form complex aggregates, so that the suspended solids content increases, resulting in suspended solids content of exported sewage has been high. So a new type of non-ionic corrosion inhibitor has been developed and field trials have been performed. The results show that non-ionic corrosion inhibitor can effectively reduce the suspended solids content of wastewater while ensuring the corrosion rate of wastewater.

Aldh2 deficiency plays a dual role in lung tumorigenesis and tumor progression

Alcohol consumption contributes to global mortality and cancer development.Acetaldehyde(ACE),the oxidized metabolite of alcohol,is highly reactive towards DNA,resulting in DNA adducts.ACE can be detoxified to acetate by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2(ALDH2).ALDH2 deficiency can lead to ACE accumulation and DNA damage.

Studies on inner wall structure of tracheids in Taxus chinensis with resin casting method

The resin casting method has been applied to studying the inner wall structure of tracheids in normal and compression wood, Taxus chinensis in gymnosperm. Not only the structures which are visible by the conventional method, but also the three-dimensional structures of pits pair in intertracheids unvisualized by the normal way have been observed. Moreover, it is found that there exist many differences in the angle, trend and occurrence of helical thickenings and distribution of warty layers on the inner walls of tracheids in normal and compression wood.

不同热集成变压精馏工艺分离乙酸乙酯/正己烷共沸物的优化与控制

基于变压精馏分离乙酸乙酯/正己烷共沸体系两塔的温差,利用Aspen Plus软件,以年度总成本最小为目标函数,对部分及完全热集成变压精馏工艺进行了稳态模拟及优化。在此基础上,利用Aspen Dynamics软件开发了多种控制结构,通过引入不同进料流量及组成的扰动测试控制结构的有效性。结果表明,完全热集成变压精馏工艺比部分热集成变压精馏工艺的经济性稍好。动态响应结果表明,部分热集成变压精馏工艺的压力-补偿温度控制结构可有效处理不同程度的干扰,能有效提高控制结构对干扰的响应速度,缩短达到新稳态的时间,保证乙酸乙酯和正己烷产品纯度在99.9wt%之上;而完全热集成变压精馏工艺的组分-温度串级控制结构仅能处理较小的组分和流量干扰,实现稳健控制,无法处理较大的干扰。综合比较两种工艺的经济性和可控性,认为部分热集成变压精馏工艺分离乙酸乙酯/正己烷共沸体系优于完全热集成变压精馏工艺。

Olmutinib(HM61713) reversed multidrug resistance by inhibiting the activity of ATPbinding cassette subfamily G member 2 in vitro and in vivo

Overexpressing of ATP-binding cassette(ABC) transporters is the essential cause of multidrug resistance(MDR), which is a significant hurdle to the success of chemotherapy in many cancers.Therefore, inhibiting the activity of ABC transporters may be a logical approach to circumvent MDR.Olmutinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI), which has been approved in South Korea for advanced EGFR T790 M-positive non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Here,we found that olmutinib significantly increased the sensitivity of chemotherapy drug in ABCG2-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, olmutinib could also increase the retention of doxorubicin(DOX) and rhodamine 123(Rho 123) in ABC transporter subfamily G member 2(ABCG2)-overexpressing cells. In addition, olmutinib was found to stimulate ATPase activity and inhibit photolabeling of ABCG2 with [^(125) I]-iodoarylazidoprazosin(IAAP). However, olmutinib neither altered ABCG2 expression at protein and m RNA levels nor blocked EGFR, Her-2 downstream signaling of AKT and ERK. Importantly,olmutinib enhanced the efficacy of topotecan on the inhibition of S1-MI-80 cell xenograft growth. All the results suggest that olmutinib reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR by binding to ATP bind site of ABCG2 and increasing intracellular chemotherapeutic drug accumulation. Our findings encouraged to further clinical investigation on combination therapy of olmutinib with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer patients.

C0818,a novel curcumin derivative,interacts with Hsp90 and inhibits Hsp90 ATPase activity

The aims of the present study were to estimate the affinity between 3,5-(E)-bis(3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzal)-4-piperidinone hydrochloride(C0818) and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and to investigate the inhibitory effects of this compound on Hsp90 ATPase activity. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to examine the affinity between varying concentrations of C0818 and Hsp90, N-Hsp90, MHsp90 and C-Hsp90. Fluorescence intensities were recorded in the range of 290–510 nm at 293, 303 and 310 K, respectively. A colorimetric assay for inorganic phosphate(based on the formation of a phosphomolybdate complex and the subsequent reaction with malachite green) were used to examine the inhibitory effects of C0818 on Hsp90 ATPase activity. The equilibrium dissociation constant K_D value of C0818 was found to be 23.41270.943 μmol/L. The interaction between C0818 and Hsp90 was driven mainly by electrostatic interactions. C0818 showed the strongest affinity with C-Hsp90. These results conclusively demonstrate the inhibitory activity of C0818 on the activity of Hsp90 ATPase.

Combining BPANN and wavelet analysis to simulate hydro-climatic processes a case study of the Kaidu River, North-west China

Using the hydrological and meteorological data in the Kaidu River Basin during 1957-2008, we simulated the hydro-climatic process by back-propagation artificial neural network （BPANN） based on wavelet analysis （WA）, and then compared the simulated results with those from a multiple linear regression （MLR）. The results show that the variation of runoff responded to regional climate change. The annual runoff （AR） was mainly affected by annual average temperature （AAT） and annual precipitation （AP）, which revealed different varia- tion patterns at five time scales. At the time scale of 32-years, AR presented a monotonically increasing trend with the similar trend of AAT and AP. But at the 2-year, 4- year, 8-year, and 16-year time-scale, AR presented non-linear variation with fluctuations of AAT and AP. Both MLR and BPANN successfully simulated the hydro- climatic process based on WA at each time scale, but the simulated effect from BPANN is better than that from MLR.

Sensitivity analysis for leaf area index （LAI） estimation from CHRIS/PROBA data

Sensitivity analyses were conducted for the retrieval of vegetation leaf area index （LAI） from multi- angular imageries in this study. Five spectral vegetation indices （VIs） were derived from Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer onboard the Project for On Board Autonomy （CHRIS/PROBA） images, and were related to LAI, acquired from in situ measurement in Jiangxi Province, China, for five vegetation communities. The sensitivity of LAI retrieval to the variation of VIs from different observation angles was evaluated using the ratio of the slope of the best-fit linear VI-LAI model to its root mean squared error. Results show that both the sensitivity and reliability of VI-LAI models are influenced by the heterogeneity of vegetation communities, and that perfor- mance of vegetation indices in LAI estimation varies along observation angles. The VI-LAI models are more reliable for tall trees than for low growing shrub-grasses and also for forests with broad leaf trees than for coniferous forest. The greater the tree height and leaf size, the higher the sensitivity. Forests with broad-leaf trees have higher sensitivities, especially at oblique angles, while relatively simple-structured coniferous forests, shrubs, and grasses show similar sensitivities at all angles. The multi-angular soil and/or atmospheric parameter adjustments will hope- fully improve the performance of VIs in LAI estimation, which will require further investigation.

Dithienylethene metallodendrimers with high photochromic efficiency

It has been challenging to achieve multi-photochromic systems without affecting the individual photoswitching properties of the constituent units. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a new family of platinum-acetylide dendrimers containing up to twenty-one photochromic dithienylethene(DTE)units that exhibit both high photochromic efficiency and individual switching properties. Upon irradiation with ultraviolet(UV) and visible(vis) light, the resultant metallodendrimers display high conversion yield and good fatigue resistance. More interestingly, cyclization-cycloreversion kinetics revealed that the photochromic property of each DTE unit in these metallodendrimers is unaffected by its neighbor and the full ring-closure of up to twenty-one DTE units in one single dendrimer has been achieved.

Understanding the effects of the impervious surfaces pattern on land surface temperature in an urban area

It is well known that urban impervious surface （IS） has a warming effect on urban land surface temperature （LST）. However, the influence of an IS＇s structure, components, and spatial distribution on LST has rarely been quantitatively studied within strictly urban areas. Using ETM＋ remote sensing images from the downtown area of Shanghai, China in 2010, this study characterized and quantified the influence of the IS spatial pattern on LST by selecting the percent cover of each IS cover feature and ten configuration metrics. The IS fraction was estimated by linear spectral mixture analysis （LSMA）, and LST was retrieved using a mono-window algorithm. The results indicate that high fraction IS cover features account for the majority of the study area. The high fraction IS cover features are widely distributed and concentrated in groups, which is similar with that of high temperature zones. Both the percent composition and the configuration of IS cover features greatly affect the magnitude of LST, but the percent composition is a more important factor in determining LST than the configuration of those features. The significances and effects of the given configuration variables on LST vary greatly among IS cover features.

Design and test of portable comprehensive quality non-destructive detector for grape bunches based on spectrum

Based on the analysis technology of visible/near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy a portable and nondestructive detector was designed to test comprehensive quality of red globe grape bunches in the growth period.The detector included spectrum acquisition probe,spectrometer,lithium battery,halogen lamp light source,advanced RISC machines(ARM)board and peripheral circuit.Based on microsoft foundation classes(MFC)development tool,the real-time analysis and processing software of the detector was written by C++language.The optimal partial least squares regression(PLSR)detection model of multi-quality parameters was implanted into the hardware device.This paper selected the red globe grapes bunches in the growth period as the research samples,collected the visible/near infrared diffuse reflectance spectrum information,and then used the established PLSR model to detect the soluble solid content(SSC),total acid(TA)and pH of the samples to generate comprehensive quality parameter.So as to realize the nondestructive detecting of comprehensive quality of red globe grapes bunches in the growth period.In conclusion,the detector could realize real-time and non-destructive detecting of red globe grapes bunches in growth period aiming at the comprehensive quality.

Long-range cross-correlation between urban impervious surfaces and land surface temperatures

The thermal effect of urban impervious surfaces （UIS） is a complex problem. It is thus necessary to study the relationship between UIS and land surface temperatures （LST） using complexity science theory and methods. This paper investigates the long-range cross- correlation between UIS and LST with detrended cross- correlation analysis and multifractal detrended cross- correlation analysis, utilizing data from downtown Shanghai, China. UIS estimates were obtained from linear spectral mixture analysis, and LST was retrieved through application of the mono-window algorithm, using Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus data for 1997-2010. These results highlight a positive long-range cross-correlation between UIS and LST across People＇s Square in Shanghai. LST has a long memory for a certain spatial range of UIS values, such that a large increment in UIS is likely to be followed by a large increment in LST. While the multifractal long-range cross- correlation between UIS and LST was observed over a longer time period in the W-E direction （2002-2010） than in the N-S （2007-2010）, these observed correlations show a weakening during the study period as urbanization increased.

Fluorescence dynamics of N-terminal Trp–Trp residues in polypeptide: intrinsic indicators for monitoring p H

pH plays a vital role in various cellular activities, and real-time observation of the intracellular p H through a p H indicator is very important for studying many physiological processes. In this paper, we studied the p H response of Trp–Trp dipeptide and its derivatives(NATrp_2Me, NBTrp_2 and Trp_2Me) by steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Both the fluorescence intensities and lifetimes of Trp–Trp dipeptide as well as Trp2 Me were functions of p H in the physiological range from 5.5 to 9.0. However, NATrp_2 Me and NBTrp_2 showed no difference. The exposed amino was found to be pivotal for its p H dependence. Moreover, an artificially synthesized tetrapeptide(Trp–Trp–Ala–Ser) confirmed the p H sensitivity of N-terminal Trp–Trp residues. The p H values could be quantitatively determined from the fluorescence intensities and lifetimes of the N-terminal Trp–Trp residue. Thus, the N-terminal Trp–Trp residues may be fused into the polypeptides/proteins to serve as an intrinsic p H indicator in fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging.

A RESEARCH ON PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION FOR EXTENDED KURAMOTO MODEL

This paper discuses three types of phase synchronization phenomena in extended Kuramoto model. A certain quadratic form is applied to analyze the stability of phase synchronization manifolds without any stability knowledge for error systems. Some simple and convenient criteria are obtained for these types of phase synchronization. Also, the effectiveness of the proposed criteria is illustrated successfully by an example.

Experiment on librarians’ implicit stereotype from the group comparative perspective

In order to better reveal the librarians’ image and solve the shortcomings of the investigation,this study introduced the method of Single Target Implicit Association Test to measure librarians’ implicit stereotype in the minds of the public,library science students and librarians themselves.This study tries to answer:1)whether library profession is feminine? 2) whether this profession leaves a more positive or negative impression? 3) whether it is good to choose this profession? The results show that:1) librarian is not viewed as a feminine profession;2) in general,librarians have left people positive impressions,but some subgroups do not agree with that;3) this occupation is neither good nor bad;4) library science students have the tendency of career preferences and derogation at the same time;5) librarians showed implicit vocational preference;6) promoting the professionalism helps to improve the librarians’ stereotypes.