NO removal performance of CO in carbonation stage of calcium looping for CO_(2) capture

Calcium looping realizes CO_(2)capture via the cyclic calcination/carbonation of CaO.The combustion of fuel supplies energy for the calciner.It is unavoidable that some unburned char in the calciner flows into the carbonator,generating CO due to the hypoxic atmosphere in the carbonator.CO can reduce NO in the flue gases from coal-fired power plants.In this work,NO removal performance of CO in the carbonation stage of calcium looping for CO_(2)capture was investigated in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor.The effects of carbonation temperature,CO concentration,CO_(2)capture,type of CaO,number of CO_(2)capture cycles and presence of char on NO removal by CO in carbonation stage of calcium looping were discussed.CaO possesses an efficient catalytic effect on NO removal by CO.High temperature and high CO concentration lead to high NO removal efficiency of CO in the presence of CaO.Taking account of better NO removal and CO_(2)capture,the optimal carbonation temperature is 650℃.The carbonation of CaO reduces the catalytic activity of CaO for NO removal by CO due to the formation of CaCO_(3).Besides,the catalytic performance of CaO on NO removal by CO gradually decreases with the number of CO_(2)capture cycles.This is because the sintering of CaO leads to the fusion of CaO grains and blockage of pores in CaO,hindering the diffusion of NO and CO.The high CaO content and porous structure of calcium-based sorbents are beneficial for NO removal by CO.The presence of char promotes NO removal by CO in the carbonator.CO_(2)/NO removal efficiencies can reach above 90%.The efficient simultaneous NO and CO_(2)removal by CO and CaO in the carbonation step of the calcium looping seems promising.

Advances in Research of Components,Pharmacological Activity and Clinical Application of Vicatia thibetica de Boiss

Vicatia thibetica de Boiss is a Tibetan medicinal herb and mainly contains chemical components such as flavonoids,β-sitosterol and ferulic acid.It has good pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory,analgesic,anti-fatigue,anti-oxidation,anti-aging and enhancing immunity.Based on relevant domestic and foreign literature,this paper comprehensively reviews the main components,pharmacological activity and clinical prescription application of V.thibetica de Boiss,to provide a reference for the in-depth research and comprehensive development and utilization of V.thibetica de Boiss.

Differential regulation of TNF receptor 1 and receptor 2 in adiponectin expression following myocardial ischemia

2013年10月12—13日中国生理学会张锡钧基金会第十二届全国青年优秀生理学学术论文交流会在湖南长沙顺利召开。由各省生理学会推荐的37名参赛选手的论文参与评选，会议展示了选手们近3年来在生理学研究方面所取得的最新研究成果。经过专家对参评者论文和现场报告的综合评判，评出一等奖、二等奖、三等奖、特别奖、最佳表达奖、最佳答辩奖和最佳图标奖共11名。从2013年第6期开始，《生理通讯》将陆续转载获奖者的参评论文各一篇，以飨读者。

COVID-19 and cardiovascular complications:updates of emergency medicine

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and SARS-CoV-2 variants,has become a global pandemic resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by hypoxemia,hyperinflammation,cytokine storm in lung.Clinical studies have reported an association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease(CVD).Patients with CVD tend to develop severe symptoms and mortality if contracted COVID-19 with further elevations of cardiac injury biomarkers.Furthermore,COVID-19 itself can induce and promoted CVD development,including myocarditis,arrhythmia,acute coronary syndrome,cardiogenic shock,and venous thromboembolism.Although the direct etiology of SARS-CoV-2–induced cardiac injury remains unknown and underinvestigated,it is suspected that it is related to myocarditis,cytokine-mediated injury,microvascular injury,and stress-related cardiomyopathy.Despite vaccinations having provided the most effective approach to reducing mortality overall,an adapted treatment paradigm and regular monitoring of cardiac injury biomarkers is critical for improving outcomes in vulnerable populations at risk for severe COVID-19.In this review,we focus on the latest progress in clinic and research on the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 and provide a perspective of treating cardiac complications deriving from COVID-19 in emergency medicine.

TP53-specific mutations serve as a potential biomarker for homologous recombination deficiency in breast cancer:a clinical next-generation sequencing study

Background:TP53 mutations and homologous recombination deficiency(HRD)occur frequently in breast cancer.However,the characteristics of TP53 pathogenic mutations in breast cancer patients with/without HRD are not clear.Methods:Clinical next-generation sequencing(NGS)of both tumor and paired blood DNA from 119 breast cancer patients(BRCA-119 cohort)was performed with a 520-gene panel.Mutations,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and genomic HRD scores were assessed from NGS data.NGS data from 47 breast cancer patients in the HRD test cohort were analyzed for further verification.Results:All TP53 pathogenic mutations in patients had somatic origin,which was associated with the protein expression of estrogen receptor and progestogen receptor.Compared to patients without TP53 pathologic mutations,patients with TP53 pathologic mutations had higher levels of HRD scores and different genomic alterations.The frequency of TP53 pathologic mutation was higher in the HRDhigh group(HRD score≥42)relative to that in the HRD-low group(HRD score<42).TP53 has different mutational characteristics between the HRD-low and HRD-high groups.TP53-specific mutation subgroups had diverse genomic features and TMB.Notably,TP53 pathogenic mutations predicted the HRD status of breast cancer patients with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.61.TP53-specific mutations,namely HRD-low mutation,HRD-high mutation,and HRD common mutation,predicted the HRD status of breast cancer patients with AUC values of 0.32,0.72,and 0.58,respectively.Interestingly,TP53 HRD-high mutation and HRD common mutation combinations showed the highest AUC values(0.80)in predicting HRD status.Conclusions:TP53-specific mutation combinations predict the HRD status of patients,indicating that TP53 pathogenic mutations could serve as a potential biomarker for poly-ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP)inhibitors in breast cancer patients.

Natural hybridization and reproductive isolation between two Primula species

Natural hybridization frequently occurs in plants and can facilitate gene flow between species, possibly resulting in species refusion. However, various reproductive barriers block the formation of hybrids and maintain species integrity. Here, we conducted a field survey to examine natural hybridization and reproductive isolation （RI） between sympatric populations of Primula secundiflora and P. poissonii using ten nuclear simple sequence repeat （SSR） loci. Although introgressive hybridization occurred, species boundaries between P. secundiflora and P. poissonii were maintained through nearly complete reproductive isolation. These interfertite species provide an excellent model for studying the RI mechanisms and evolutionary forces that maintain species boundaries.

The genomic and bulked segregant analysis of Curcuma alismatifolia revealed its diverse bract pigmentation

Compared with most flowers where the showy part comprises specialized leaves(petals)directly subtending the reproductive structures,most Zingiberaceae species produce showy“flowers”through modifications of leaves(bracts)subtending the true flowers throughout an inflorescence.Curcuma alismatifolia,belonging to the Zingiberaceae family,a plant species originating from Southeast Asia,has become increasingly popular in the flower market worldwide because of its varied and esthetically pleasing bracts produced in different cultivars.Here,we present the chromosome-scale genome assembly of C.alismatifolia“Chiang Mai Pink”and explore the underlying mechanisms of bract pigmentation.Comparative genomic analysis revealed C.alismatifolia contains a residual signal of whole-genome duplication.Duplicated genes,including pigment-related genes,exhibit functional and structural differentiation resulting in diverse bract colors among C.alismatifolia cultivars.In addition,we identified the key genes that produce different colored bracts in C.alismatifolia,such as F3′5'H,DFR,ANS and several transcription factors for anthocyanin synthesis,as well as chlH and CAO in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway by conducting transcriptomic analysis,bulked segregant analysis using both DNA and RNA data,and population genomic analysis.This work provides data for understanding the mechanism of bract pigmentation and will accelerate breeding in developing novel cultivars with richly colored bracts in C.alismatifolia and related species.It is also important to understand the variation in the evolution of the Zingiberaceae family.

A minimum adequate set of multi-valued logic

An adequate set of k-valued logic is provided,which contains only two operators.It is also proved that this adequate set is of minimum size。

Macrophages in Ischemic Heart Failure:Yesterday,Today,and Tomorrow

With continually improving reperfusion strategies and patient care,the overall mortality of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)has been significantly reduced during the past two decades.However,this success is a double-edged sword,as many patients surviving an AMI will progress towards ischemic heart failure(HF)over time.The pathologic causes of ischemic HF are undoubtedly multifactorial.However,the inflammatory response is considered one of the most important causes of pathological remodeling because it spans the whole process of HF development.The macrophage-mediated inflammatory response was once considered a purely harmful factor leading to pathological remodeling and HF.However,growing evidence demonstrates that multiple subgroups of macrophage exist and contribute differently to ischemic HF development.Understanding macrophage populations and how they contribute to post-MI remodeling and consequent ischemic HF is,therefore,critical to understanding and treating the disease.This review focuses on different macrophage populations that regulate post-MI cardiac injury and how immunoregulation therapy may benefit patients with ischemic HF.

Multi‑integrated genomic data for Passiflora foetida provides insights into genome size evolution and floral development in Passiflora

Passiflora is a plant genus known for its extremely distinctive and colorful flowers and a wide range of genome size variation.However,how genome characteristics are related to flower traits among Passiflora species remains poorly understood.Here,we assembled a chromosome-scale genome of P.foetida,which belongs to the same subgenus as the commercial passionfruit P.edulis.The genome of P.foetida is smaller(424.16 Mb)and contains fewer copies of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs).The disparity in LTR-RTs is one of the main contributors to the differences in genome sizes between these two species and possibly in floral traits.Additionally,we observed variation in insertion times and copy numbers of LTR-RTs across different transposable element(TE)lineages.Then,by integrating transcriptomic data from 33 samples(eight floral organs and flower buds at three developmental stages)with phylogenomic and metabolomic data,we conducted an in-depth analysis of the expression,phylogeny,and copy number of MIKC-type MADS-box genes and identified essential biosynthetic genes responsible for flower color and scent from glandular bracts and other floral organs.Our study pinpoints LRT-RTs as an important player in genome size variation in Passiflora species and provides insights into future genetic improvement.