Tracing the sources of nutrients through the Tsushima/Korea Strait

The nutrients from the East China Sea(ECS) through the Tsushima/Korea Strait(TS) strongly impact the eco system of the Japan Sea(JS).The complex origins of the Tsushima Warm Current and the various nutrient sources in the ECS result in complex spatial-temporal variations in nutrients in the TS.Using a physical-biological model with a tracking technique,we studied the effects of nutrient sources from the ECS on the TS.Among all the nutrient sources,the Kuroshio has the highest nutrient concentrations in the TS.Its maximum concentration occurs at the bottom,while those of rivers and atmospheric depo sition occur at the surface,and that of the Taiwan Strait occurs in the middle layer.The nutrient transport through the TS exhibits similar seasonal variations,as does the volume transport.The transport of nutrients from the Kuroshio accounts for more than 85% of the total.The transport of nutrients from the Taiwan Strait is greater during autumn and winter.The transport of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) from both rivers and atmospheric deposition through the TS peak in August.Nutrient transport cannot be equated with volume transport.The DIN in the less saline zone originates not only from rivers but also from atmospheric deposition and the Kuroshio.The transport of nutrients from the Taiwan Strait is not as significant as its volume transport in the TS.

The potential distribution of adult Antarctic krill in the Amundsen Sea

Antarctic krill is the key species of ecological system in the Amundsen Sea.At present,the suitable distribution is unobtainable by scientifi c surveys or data from the fi shery.In this paper,the maximum entropy algorithm(Maxent)was used to obtain the potential distribution of adult Antarctic krill in order to provide useful information and reasonable reference for the policy on protecting potential krill habitats around the Amundsen Sea.Occurrence points and 17 environmental variables were used to simulate the distributions.Results show that the high and moderate suitable habitats lie between 65°S and 72°S in the Amundsen Sea.The high suitable habitat accounts for 8.1%of the total area of the Amundsen Sea.The sea ice persistence(ICE),total phytoplankton(PHYC),and the minimum value of dissolved iron(Fe_min)are the three dominant contributors to the model.Results from the response curves show that Antarctic krill preferred habitats with ICE of 0.42-0.93,PHYC of 2.48-2.77 mmol/m^(3) and Fe_min of(7.10×10^(-5))-(9.45×10^(-5))mmol/m 3.Positive trends existed in the PHYC of the high and moderate suitable habitat,and a positive trend existed in the Fe_min of moderate suitable habitat.However,the probability of presence of Antarctic krill will decrease if the increase of the PHYC and Fe_min continues.

Effects of Microbial Fertilizers on Soil Improvement and Wheat Growth Characteristics in Saline-alkali Land

[Objectives]This study was conducted to further enrich the research on saline-alkali land improvement,and explore the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers containing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis HM-3 in saline-alkali land improvement and crop growth promotion.[Methods]Wheat was planted in saline-alkali land in Huanghua City,Hebei Province,and a mixed application experiment was carried out using biological agents from Hemiao Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.[Results]Compared with the field of control check(CK),water-soluble salts and pH value in the experimental fields decreased,and living bacteria count in the soil increased.Meanwhile,the economic characters of wheat in the experimental fields showed excellent performance,with yields increasing by 39.09%and 27.49%compared with the CK.It could be seen that the application of biological bacterial fertilizers achieved obvious effects of improving saline-alkali soil and increasing wheat yield.[Conclusions]In this study,the effects of biological bacterial fertilizers on saline-alkali land and wheat growth characters were clarified,providing some technical support and theoretical guidance for wheat planting in Huanghua saline-alkali land.