The microstructures ofAtrina pectinata and freshwater mussel shells are investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of these shells are characterized by nanoindentati...The microstructures ofAtrina pectinata and freshwater mussel shells are investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of these shells are characterized by nanoindentation and three-point bending tests. Results show that both shells possess a prismatic microstructure mainly composed of columnar crystals and an organic matrix. The fracture toughness of the prismatic structure of Atrina pectinata and freshwater mussel are approximately 1.15 MPa.m1/2 and 0.87 MPa.m1/2, respectively, while the fracture toughness of natural calcite is approximately 0.2 MPa.m1/2. Calculated results from indentations agree with those obtained from the three-point bending tests. The columnar crystal material shows excellent fracture toughness due to grain refinement. In addition, the organic matrix of the prismatic layer can arrest cracks, and thereby improves the fracture toughness.展开更多
Flaky FeSi absorbents with different size ranges were fabricated by sintering after mechanical milling process. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was used to analyze the particle crystal grain structure. The complex permittiv...Flaky FeSi absorbents with different size ranges were fabricated by sintering after mechanical milling process. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was used to analyze the particle crystal grain structure. The complex permittivity and permeability of FeSi/paraffin composites were measured in frequency of 2-12 GHz using a vector network analyzer, and the DC electric conductivity was measured by the standard four-point contact method, then microwave reflection loss （RL） and shielding effectiveness （SE） were calculated. It was obtained that c^-Fe appeared in the super-lattice diffraction peaks in XRD pattern. As the particles size decreased, the permittivity decreased due to the inferior microwave electrical conductivity and dielectric loss tangent, while the permeability increased due to the decrease of diameter-thickness ratio, which could be demonstrated in the comparison between the experiment and calculation results. When thickness is 1 mm, the composites with the smallest FeSi particles addition had a better absorbing property for the better impedance matching characteristic, and the minimum RL was -7.9 dB at 4.6 GHz. While the composites with larger FeSi particles addition had an excellent shielding property due to the higher permittivity, the SE value ranged from 15 dB to 30 dB at the frequency band.展开更多
基金This work is partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.51205012）, Beijing Nova Program （No.Z141104001814035）, and National Higher-education Institution General Research and Development Project. The authors would like to thank Dr. Zhaodong Li from Central Iron ＆ Steel Re- search Institue of China for assistance on nanoindenta- tion testing.
文摘The microstructures ofAtrina pectinata and freshwater mussel shells are investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of these shells are characterized by nanoindentation and three-point bending tests. Results show that both shells possess a prismatic microstructure mainly composed of columnar crystals and an organic matrix. The fracture toughness of the prismatic structure of Atrina pectinata and freshwater mussel are approximately 1.15 MPa.m1/2 and 0.87 MPa.m1/2, respectively, while the fracture toughness of natural calcite is approximately 0.2 MPa.m1/2. Calculated results from indentations agree with those obtained from the three-point bending tests. The columnar crystal material shows excellent fracture toughness due to grain refinement. In addition, the organic matrix of the prismatic layer can arrest cracks, and thereby improves the fracture toughness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51275025)High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2009AA043804)+1 种基金the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of PR China(No.2007B32)the Innovation Foundation of BUAA for PhD Graduates
文摘Flaky FeSi absorbents with different size ranges were fabricated by sintering after mechanical milling process. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was used to analyze the particle crystal grain structure. The complex permittivity and permeability of FeSi/paraffin composites were measured in frequency of 2-12 GHz using a vector network analyzer, and the DC electric conductivity was measured by the standard four-point contact method, then microwave reflection loss （RL） and shielding effectiveness （SE） were calculated. It was obtained that c^-Fe appeared in the super-lattice diffraction peaks in XRD pattern. As the particles size decreased, the permittivity decreased due to the inferior microwave electrical conductivity and dielectric loss tangent, while the permeability increased due to the decrease of diameter-thickness ratio, which could be demonstrated in the comparison between the experiment and calculation results. When thickness is 1 mm, the composites with the smallest FeSi particles addition had a better absorbing property for the better impedance matching characteristic, and the minimum RL was -7.9 dB at 4.6 GHz. While the composites with larger FeSi particles addition had an excellent shielding property due to the higher permittivity, the SE value ranged from 15 dB to 30 dB at the frequency band.
