A series of MCM 41 molecular sieves have been prepared on an industrial scale, and the effect of preparation factors such as aging temperature, pH values on the structure and pore distribution of the MCM 41 product ...A series of MCM 41 molecular sieves have been prepared on an industrial scale, and the effect of preparation factors such as aging temperature, pH values on the structure and pore distribution of the MCM 41 product have been studied by using X ray diffraction(XRD), thermogravimetric(TG) and electron microscopy(TEM). It is shown that the pH values have a significant effect on the crystallinity of the synthesized product. Under proper conditions, the MCM 41 prepared on an industrial scale has the same performance as the samples prepared on an Lab scale. The prepared MCM 41 was used as a modifier of zeolite Y for fluid catalytic cracking(FCC) of residual oil. It is shown that the addition of the MCM 41 in the zeolite Y catalyst increases the pore size, and surface area of the catalysts, which helps to increase the yield of gasoline and diesel and decrease the production of gaseous product and carbon deposition in the catalyst. The better performance of the MCM 41 modified zeolite Y catalyst is believed to be due to its adjustment on the acidity and increase of the pore size.展开更多
Global climate change has caused general and serious damage to cultural heritage sites,and earthen settlements and buildings are particularly vulnerable to water-afected disasters.Thus,this paper uses Liang Village in...Global climate change has caused general and serious damage to cultural heritage sites,and earthen settlements and buildings are particularly vulnerable to water-afected disasters.Thus,this paper uses Liang Village in Pingyao County,China,as a case study,linking the human–land study in the Liang Village Sino-French workshop of 2009/2010 to a disaster assessment completed after the devastating rainstorm in October 2021.We found that the village’s rain disaster resulted from the vulnerability of earthen material to rainstorms and from the earthen settlement’s evolution from a culture emphasising the coexistence of‘water and earth’to a technic fostering the disintegration of‘water and earth’.The latter is the main cause of the village’s decrease in its capacity for disaster prevention and damage reduction.Therefore,in the context of global climate change,we fnd that the reestablishment of the harmonious relationship of water and earth is critical to both rural heritage conservation and village sustainable development.In addition to repairing their relation from the technical perspective of‘planning and design’by planners and architects,it is more crucial for local people to understand and enhance their contemporary appreciation for the traditional‘coexistence of water and earth’concept.展开更多
文摘A series of MCM 41 molecular sieves have been prepared on an industrial scale, and the effect of preparation factors such as aging temperature, pH values on the structure and pore distribution of the MCM 41 product have been studied by using X ray diffraction(XRD), thermogravimetric(TG) and electron microscopy(TEM). It is shown that the pH values have a significant effect on the crystallinity of the synthesized product. Under proper conditions, the MCM 41 prepared on an industrial scale has the same performance as the samples prepared on an Lab scale. The prepared MCM 41 was used as a modifier of zeolite Y for fluid catalytic cracking(FCC) of residual oil. It is shown that the addition of the MCM 41 in the zeolite Y catalyst increases the pore size, and surface area of the catalysts, which helps to increase the yield of gasoline and diesel and decrease the production of gaseous product and carbon deposition in the catalyst. The better performance of the MCM 41 modified zeolite Y catalyst is believed to be due to its adjustment on the acidity and increase of the pore size.
文摘Global climate change has caused general and serious damage to cultural heritage sites,and earthen settlements and buildings are particularly vulnerable to water-afected disasters.Thus,this paper uses Liang Village in Pingyao County,China,as a case study,linking the human–land study in the Liang Village Sino-French workshop of 2009/2010 to a disaster assessment completed after the devastating rainstorm in October 2021.We found that the village’s rain disaster resulted from the vulnerability of earthen material to rainstorms and from the earthen settlement’s evolution from a culture emphasising the coexistence of‘water and earth’to a technic fostering the disintegration of‘water and earth’.The latter is the main cause of the village’s decrease in its capacity for disaster prevention and damage reduction.Therefore,in the context of global climate change,we fnd that the reestablishment of the harmonious relationship of water and earth is critical to both rural heritage conservation and village sustainable development.In addition to repairing their relation from the technical perspective of‘planning and design’by planners and architects,it is more crucial for local people to understand and enhance their contemporary appreciation for the traditional‘coexistence of water and earth’concept.
