Digital Transformation and Corporate Financial Risk:Evidence from Listed Companies in

As a core issue in enterprise operation management,corporate financial risk is directly related to the survival and development of enterprises,and digital transformation has brought new challenges to the control of corporate financial risk.Based on the data of The Shanghai Stock Exchange(SSE)and Shenzhen Stock Exchange(SZSE)from 2009 to 2022,this paper analyzes the impact of digital transformation on corporate financial risk and the impact mechanism.The empirical study finds that digital transformation significantly increases the financial risk of enterprises,and shows differences among different regions,different risk factors,and enterprise natures,and substantially increases the corporate financial risk in the East and West,non-state-owned enterprises,high-risk and low-risk enterprises.The mechanism analysis found that digital transformation would affect the financial risk of enterprises by increasing their R&D investment and reducing their debt level.The conclusion improves insights and guidance for analyzing and managing financial risks in enterprises under digital transformation.

A high-quality genome provides insights into the new taxonomic status and genomic characteristics of Cladopus chinensis(Podostemaceae)

The Podostemaceae are ecologically and morphologically unusual aquatic angiosperms that survive only in rivers with pristine hydrology and high water quality and are at a relatively high risk of extinction.The taxonomic status of Podostemaceae has always been controversial.Here,we report the first high-quality genome assembly for Cladopus chinensis of Podostemaceae,obtained by incorporating Hi-C,Illumina and PacBio sequencing.We generated an 827.92 Mb genome with a contig N50 of 1.42 Mb and 27,370 annotated protein-coding genes.The assembled genome size was close to the estimated size,and 659.42 Mb of the assembly was assigned to 29 superscaffolds(scaffold N5021.22 Mb).A total of 59.20%repetitive sequences were identified,among which long terminal repeats(LTRs)were the most abundant class(28.97%of the genome).Genome evolution analysis suggested that the divergence time of Cladopus chinensis(106 Mya)was earlier than that of Malpighiales(82 Mya)and that this taxon diverged into an independent branch of Podestemales.A recent whole-genome duplication(WGD)event occurred 4.43 million years ago.Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the expansion and contraction of oxidative phosphorylation,photosynthesis and isoflavonoid metabolism genes in Cladopus chinensis are probably related to the genomic characteristics of this growing submerged species.Transcriptome analysis revealed that upregulated genes in the shoot group compared to the root group were enriched in the NAC gene family and transcription factors associated with shoot development and defense responses,including WUSCHEL(WUS),ASYMMETRIC LEAVES(ASL),SHOOT MERISTEMLESS(STM),NAC2,NAC8,NAC29,NAC47,NAC73,NAC83 and NAC102.These findings provide new insights into the genomic diversity of unusual aquatic angiosperms and serve as a valuable reference for the taxonomic status and unusual shoot apical meristem of Podostemaceae.

Topological pseudospin switcher:Mechanism and acoustic realization

The control of the pseudospin of sound wave has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Utilizing the finite-size effect of topological acoustics,we successfully construct an H-shaped acoustic topological pseudospin switcher that sound wave energy can be easily switched through different passages.The interesting phenomenon of pseudospin flipping is numerically and experimentally demonstrated.A quantitative interference theory is proposed that the constructive and destructive interference of pseudospin states leads to pseudospin flipping and preserving in multiple frequencies.We verify the key parameters of the design,including the length of the passage and its interface state dispersion,and the theory can be extended to other topology acoustics and photonics systems.Moreover,the tunable topological sonic crystal we use provides adjustable convenience to pseudospin switcher design.The pseudospin switching behavior offers an efficient method to control the acoustic topological edge state transport,which has great potential in versatile applications,such as integrated acoustics,acoustic security,and information processing.

Insights into salvianolic acid B biosynthesis from chromosome-scale assembly of the Salvia bowleyana genome

Salvia bowleyanais a traditional Chinese medic-inal plant that is a source of nutritional supple-ments rich in salvianolic acid B and a potentialexperimental system for the exploration ofsalvianolic acid B biosynthesis in the Labiatae.Here,we report a high‐quality chromosome‐scalegenome assembly of S.bowleyana covering 462.44 Mb,with a scaffold N50 value of 57.96 Mband 44,044 annotated protein‐coding genes.Evolutionary analysis revealed an estimateddivergence time betweenS.bowleyanaand its close relativeS.miltiorrhiza of~3.94 millionyears.We also observed evidence of a whole‐genome duplication in theS.bowleyanagenome.Transcriptome analysis showed that SbPAL1(PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA‐LYASE1)ishighlyexpressed in roots relative to stem and leaves,paralleling the location of salvianolic acid Baccumulation.The laccase gene family in S.bowley anaoutnumbered their counterparts inbothS.miltiorrhiza and Arabidopsis thaliana,suggesting that the gene family has undergoneexpansion inS.bowleyana.Several laccasegenes were also highly expressed in roots,wheretheir encoded proteins may catalyze the oxida-tive reaction from rosmarinic acid to salvianolicacid B.Thesefindings provide an invaluable ge-nomic resource for understanding salvianolicacid B biosynthesis and its regulation,and will beuseful for exploring the evolution of the Labiatae.

Autographa Californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus P48(Ac103) Is Required for the Efficient Formation of Virus-Induced Intranuclear Microvesicles

Our previous study has shown that the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus(AcMNPV) p48(ac103)gene is essential for the nuclear egress of nucleocapsids and the formation of occlusion-derived virions(ODVs). However,the exact role of p48 in the morphogenesis of ODVs remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that p48 was required for the efficient formation of intranuclear microvesicles. To further understand its functional role in intranuclear microvesicle formation, we characterized the distribution of the P48 protein, which was found to be associated with the nucleocapsid and envelope fractions of both budded virions and ODVs. In Ac MNPV-infected cells, P48 was predominantly localized to nucleocapsids in the virogenic stroma and the nucleocapsids enveloped in ODVs, with a limited but discernible distribution in the plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, intranuclear microvesicles, and ODV envelope. Furthermore,coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that among the viral proteins required for intranuclear microvesicle formation, P48 associated with Ac93 in the absence of viral infection.

Multi-omics Analyses Provide Insight into the Biosynthesis Pathways of Fucoxanthin in Isochrysis galbana

Isochrysis galbana is considered an ideal bait for functional foods and nutraceuticals of humans because of its high fucoxanthin(Fx)content.However,multi-omics analysis of the regulatory networks for Fx biosynthesis in I.galbana has not been reported.In this study,we report a high-quality genome assembly of I.galbana LG007,which has a genome size of 92.73 Mb,with a contig N50 of 6.99 Mb and 14,900 protein-coding genes.Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the monophyly of Haptophyta,with I.galbana sister to Emiliania huxleyi and Chrysochromulina tobinii.Evolutionary analysis revealed an estimated divergence time between I.galbana and E.huxleyi of~133 million years ago.Gene family analysis indicated that lipid metabolism-related genes exhibited significant expansion,including IgPLMT,IgOAR1,and IgDEGS1.Metabolome analysis showed that the content of carotenoids in I.galbana cultured under green light for 7 days was higher than that under white light,andβ-carotene was the main carotenoid,accounting for 79.09%of the total carotenoids.Comprehensive multi-omics analysis revealed that the content ofβ-carotene,antheraxanthin,zeaxanthin,and Fx was increased by green light induction,which was significantly correlated with the expression of IgMYB98,IgZDS,IgPDS,IgLHCX2,IgZEP,IgLCYb,and IgNSY.These findings contribute to the understanding of Fx biosynthesis and its regulation,providing a valuable reference for food and pharmaceutical applications.