A Secure Energy Internet Scheme for IoV Based on Post-Quantum Blockchain

With the increasing use of distributed electric vehicles(EV),energy management in the Internet of vehicles(IoV)has attracted more attention,especially demand response(DR)management to achieve efficient energy management in IoV.Therefore,it is a tendency to introduce distributed energy such as renewable energy into the existing supply system.For optimizing the energy internet(EI)for IoV,in this paper,we introduce blockchain into energy internet and propose a secure EI scheme for IoV based on post-quantum blockchain,which provides the new information services and an incentive cooperation mechanism for the current energy IoV system.Firstly,based on the principles of constructing a short lattice basis and preimage sampling,a lattice signature scheme is proposed and used in blockchain for authentication,which provides anti-quantum security.Secondly,we design the EI based on the post-quantum blockchain model.Lastly,based on this model,we design a secure EI scheme for IoV based on post-quantum blockchain.Through our analysis and experiment,this new scheme can increase the efficiency of energy utilization and enrich EI’s application in IoV.In particular,we further illustrate and analyze its performance.It is shown that EI based on post-quantum blockchain is more secure and efficient in information communications and energy trading.

Secure Blockchain-Enabled Internet of Vehicles Scheme with Privacy Protection

The car-hailing platform based on Internet of Vehicles(IoV)tech-nology greatly facilitates passengers’daily car-hailing,enabling drivers to obtain orders more efficiently and obtain more significant benefits.However,to match the driver closest to the passenger,it is often necessary to process the location information of the passenger and driver,which poses a considerable threat to privacy disclosure to the passenger and driver.Targeting these issues,in this paper,by combining blockchain and Paillier homomorphic encryption algorithm,we design a secure blockchain-enabled IoV scheme with privacy protection for online car-hailing.In this scheme,firstly,we propose an encryp-tion scheme based on the lattice.Thus,the location information of passengers and drivers is encrypted in this system.Secondly,by introducing Paillier homomorphic encryption algorithm,the location matching of passengers and drivers is carried out in the ciphertext state to protect their location privacy.At last,blockchain technology is used to record the transactions in online car-hailing,which can provide a security guarantee for passengers and drivers.And we further analyze the security and performance of this scheme.Compared with other schemes,the experimental results show that the proposed scheme can protect the user’s location privacy and have a better performance.

Imaging changes in neural circuits in patients with depression using 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging

1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were performed in 19 patients with mild depression and in 13 controls.The mean age of the patients was 31 years.The mean Hamilton depression score of the patients was 22.5±13.2.N-acetylaspartate,choline and creatine concentrations and the average diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy values were measured in the bilateral hippocampus,striatum,thalamus and prefrontal deep white matter. Compared with the control group,the mild depressed patients had：（1）a higher choline/creatine ratio and a negative correlation between the choline/creatine ratio and the average diffusion coefficient in the hippocampus;（2）a lower choline/creatine ratio and a higher fractional anisotropy in the striatum;（3）a lower fractional anisotropy and a positive correlation between the fractional anisotropy and the choline/creatine ratio in the prefrontal deep white matter;and（4）a higher average diffusion coefficient and a positive correlation between the choline/creatine ratio and the N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio in the thalamus,as well as positive correlation between the choline/creatine ratio and Hamilton depression scores.These data suggest evidence of abnormal connectivity in neurofibrotic microstructures and abnormal metabolic alterations in the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic neural circuit in patients with mild depression.

Discharge characteristics of coal and extraction residue from direct coal liquefaction in partial fluidization silo

Gasification of extraction residue(ER) from direct coal liquefaction with pulverized coal is an efficient way for the utilization of carbonaceous wastes, which improve the overall efficiency of direct coal liquefaction technology. The discharge characteristics of ER mixing with pulverized coal is important paraments for its gasification process, which is seldom studied in the literature. In this study, the discharge characteristics of the pulverized coal(M1) as well as its mixture with ER(M2) were systematically investigated in an atmospheric pressure partial fluidization silo with different fluidization apparent velocity. It was observed that although M2 is a viscous powder with lower flowability than M1, the mass flow rate of M2 is 65% higher than M1 at the 3.7 mm·s-1apparent gas velocity. M2 exhibits the properties of Geldart A type powder, which improves the mass flow rate and stability of the discharged material. The mass flow rate of both M1 and M2 first increases and then slowly decreases with the increase of apparent gas velocity of the fluidizing air, which means the discharge process of M1 and M2 can be optimized by the apparent gas velocity.

Technical Measures for Rapid Propagation of Improved Beef Cattle

Based on early weaning in calves,hormone induction in young calves,intravital egg collection,in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer which serve as major breakthroughs in livestock breeding technology,the techniques of hormone induction and in-vitro fertilization were integrated,not only to solve the problem of obtaining oocytes by hormone induction in adult cows in production practice,but also to obviously improve production efficiency.The application of this technology can help accelerate the cultivation process,shorten the generation interval,promote the industrialization and improve the economic benefits of beef cattle breed.This paper provides a reference for the research and application of new breeding and propagation techniques of beef cattle.

Experimental Study on the Radiative Properties of Fly Ash in the Radiant Syngas Cooler of Gasifier

Radiant syngas cooler (RSC) is the key heat recovery equipment in coal gasification system. The syngas from gasifier carries large amount of slags in which the mass fraction of fly ash less than 100 μm is about 20%. Studying the optical properties of fly ash has high significance for the optimization of heat transfer calculation in RSC. A new experimental method was proposed to inversely calculate the radiative parameters of particles—“KBr transmittance-reflectance method”. By measuring the “directional-hemispherical” reflectance and transmittance of fly ash particles by FTIR under the wavelength range of 0.55 - 1.65 μm, using the four-flux model to solve the radiative transfer equation and combing with Mie theory, the absorption and scattering efficiency of 22.7 μm fly ash and optical constant (also known as complex refractive index, m = n + ik) of fly ash were inversely calculated. The results indicated that for fly ash with large size parameter, there was no obvious change of the absorption and scattering efficiency when the mass fraction of Fe2O3 was between 5.65% and 16.53%, which was well explained by Mie theory;The obtained optical constant was close to the results of KBr trans-mittance method.

Clinical efficacy of total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy. Methods The clinical data of 28 patients who underwent total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2015 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical indications and method of performing total threedimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy were similar to those of the patients who underwent two-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy. All of the patients were followed up via outpatient reviews and telephone interviews through September 2016. Results In all 28 cases, total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy was successfully performed with no conversion to laparotomy, intraoperative complications, or perioperative death. The mean operative time was 406 min(200–520 min) with a mean blood loss of 528 m L(200–1500 m L), a mean number of dissected lymph nodes of 11(6–16), a mean postoperative anus exhaust time of 4.4 d(2–8 d), and a mean length of stay of 16.9 d(9–23 d). There was a postoperative pancreatic fistula in 4 out of the 28 cases, with 3 cases of grade A and 1 case of grade B. Postoperatively, one patient with early-stage intra-abdominal hemorrhage improved after conservative symptomatic treatment, and two patients with gastroplegia were cured with conservative treatment. No complications occurred in the other patients. All of the cases underwent R0 resection with a negative surgical margin. All of the 28 patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months, with a median follow-up period of 9.2 months. During the follow-up period, there were no postoperative complications related to the procedures and no deaths; tumor recurrence was identified 9 months after the procedure using positron emission computed tomography(PECT) in one patient with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Conclusion Total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy is safe and feasible for the treatment of periampullary carcinoma, with the advantage of favorable short-term outcomes.

Discretization of Fractional Order Differentiator and Integrator with Different Fractional Orders

This paper is concerned with the discretization of the fractional-order differentiator and integrator, which is the foundation of the digital realization of fractional order controller. Firstly, the parameterized Al-Alaoui transform is presented as a general generating function with one variable parameter, which can be adjusted to obtain the commonly used generating functions (e.g. Euler operator, Tustin operator and Al-Alaoui operator). However, the following simulation results show that the optimal variable parameters are different for different fractional orders. Then the weighted square integral index about the magtitude and phase is defined as the objective functions to achieve the optimal variable parameter for different fractional orders. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that there are great differences on the optimal variable parameter for differential and integral operators with different fractional orders, which should be attracting more attentions in the design of digital fractional order controller.

Sustainable development of unconventional resources: Analysis of the transient linear flow oriented straight-line analysis technique

On the backdrop of dwindling conventional reserves,unconventional reservoirs have emerged as a pivotal chapter in resource extraction.Despite their challenges,such as low permeability,complex fluid storage,and flow mechanisms,hydraulic fracturing technology has underpinned the development of unconventional reservoirs.Consequently,this has brought about a shift in the sequence of flow regimes,e.g.,the transient radial flow regime has been largely shortened by the lengthy transient linear flow regime due to the low permeability of unconventional reservoirs.Moreover,straight-line analysis(SLA),the simplest technique in rate transient analysis(RTA),is a fundamental and potent tool for swiftly extracting reservoir and hydraulic fracture information,estimating oil and gas reserves,and furnishing crucial initial data for subsequent historical matching processes.However,there is currently a dearth of review papers pertaining to a necessary guide of applying SLA in various transient linear flow(TLF)regimes and different unconventional reservoirs.Hence,this paper commences by elucidating the classification of TLF regimes,commonly used methods for recognizing flow regimes,and the diverse SLA methods used for different TLF regimes.Subsequently,it delves into a discussion of different modification techniques for variable rate/flowing pressure,gas phase,complex reservoir characteristics in unconventional reservoirs,and dynamic drainage area concepts etc.Furthermore,the application of SLA in specific domains,namely core analysis and the flowback period,is described.It culminates by surveying the advancements through an integration of novel technologies to enhance estimation accuracy.The paper also highlights certain drawbacks of current SLA technology and proposes new research directions.Ultimately,this paper would serve as an indispensable resource,offering foundational knowledge for the application of SLA in TLF to promote the production of global unconventional resources in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable fashion in the face of a climate-resilient world.

基于MUSE-DWI与SS-DWI技术在前列腺癌图像中的对比研究

目的研究基于复合灵敏编码-弥散加权成像(MUSE-DWI)与单次激发平面回波-弥散加权成像(SS-DWI)在前列腺癌(PCa)图像的定量评估及主观分析。方法以中山大学附属第三医院经病理证实的146例PCa患者的MUSE-DWI及SS-DWI图像为研究对象,回顾性定量分析两种序列图像的信噪比(SNR)、对比度-信噪比(CNR)、表观扩散系数(ADC)及主观评价。结果MUSE-DWI检测PCa的图像较SS-DWI更清晰。MUSE-DWI的SNR及CNR明显高于SS-DWI图像(38±13)vs(18±7),(43±24)vs(18±7),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001);MUSE-DWI与SS-DWI的ADC值分别为[(0.75±0.14)vs(0.74±0.13),P=0.020]。两名医师主观评分一致性高,Kappa值分别为0.764(MUSE-DWI)和0.691(SS-DWI)。MUSE-DWI图像总评分(229.0±5.7)高于SS-DWI(127.0±5.2);MUSE-DWI图像评分高于SS-DWI[(3.7±3.4)vs(2.1±1.0),P<0.05]。结论对比SS-DWI,MUSE-DWI检测PCa的图像更清晰,SNR、CNR更高,且医师主观评分更高,辅助临床对PCa的诊疗更有价值。

Aggregating structure in coal water slurry studied by eDLVO theory and fractal dimension

Coal water slurry gasification is a main source of hydrogen in the developing hydrogen economy.Moreover,biomass and waste can be added,making gasification process greener.To expand the application of coal water slurry and gasification process,it is necessary to understand the micro-structure in this large particle suspension system.In this paper,the micro-structure in coal water slurry was studied by extended DLVO(eDLVO)theory and fractal dimension,which is used to explain the mechanism of stability in large particle suspension systems.The interaction between two coal particles was characterized from the interparticle potential and energy barrier based on the eDLVO theory.The rheology and stability between different types of coals are measured and explained by the aggregating structure and fractal dimension in coal water slurry.The results indicated that there would be an aggregating structure in high rank coals,due to the interparticle potential caused by the surface properties,but probably not in low rank coals.This aggregating structure can be described and characterized by fractal dimension.The aggregation of particles is the source of the stability for high rank coals,as the close-packed 3D network structure in large particle suspension can support coal particles from settling down.The results have demonstrated that the combination of the eDLVO theory and rheological measurement is an effective way to investigate the stability of large particle suspension systems.

The combined genotypes effect of ESR and FSHβ genes on litter size traits in five different pig breeds

Estrogen receptor (ESR) and Follicular-stimula-ting hormone beta subunit (FSHβ) genes were chosen as candidates to determine whether they control litter size and some other reproductive traits in swine. 269 sows from five different pig breeds were genotyped by an established PCR-RFLPs protocol at both ESR and FSHβ loci. The effects of both ESR and FSHβ on pig reproductive traits, including total number born (TNB) and number born alive (NBA), are analyzed by SAS software (version 6.12). These computation results demonstrated that both ESR locus and FSHβ locus are the major genes influencing litter size in pigs. The sows of BBBB combined genotype of ESR and FSHβ loci generally produce 1.85-3.01 TNB and 2.0-3.0 NBA more than those of ABAA combined genotype. The notable effect of ESR locus and FSHβ locus on litter size of pigs have made it possible to improve the pig reproduction by Marker-assisted selection (MAS). Moreover, introgression of the beneficial alleles into commercial pig breeding lines,

Templated spherical coassembly strategy to fabricate MoS_(2)/C hollow spheres with physical/chemical polysulfides trapping for lithium-sulfur batteries

Rational design of advanced polar hosts with high sulfur loading,facilitated ionic/electronic transport and effectively suppressed shuttling effect has great potential for high performance lithium-sulfur batteries,yet it remains challenging.Here we propose a novel templated spherical coassembly strategy to fabricate the MoS_(2)/C hollow spheres as an efficient sulfur host material.The unique hollow structure provides enough interior space for accommodating a substantial amount of sulfur,and effectively suppresses the diffusion of dissolved polysulfides by both physical confinement and chemical adsorption.Moreover,the ionic transport as well as the ability to mitigate volume variation upon cycling is also improved,thereby maximizing the utilization of sulfur.Owing to these merits,when evaluated as a sulfur host for lithiumsulfur batteries,the MoS_(2)/C hollow spheres exhibit appealing electrochemical performance with an impressive specific capacity of 1082 mA hg^(-1)at 0.1 C,excellent rate capability and superior cycling stability with a low fading rate of 0.04%per cycle.

Modeling of single coal particle combustion in O_(2)/N_(2)and O_(2)/CO_(2)atmospheres under fluidized bed condition

A one-dimensional transient single coal particle combustion model was proposed to investigate the characteristics of single coal particle combustion in both O_(2)/N_(2)and O_(2)/CO_(2)atmospheres under the fluidized bed combustion condition.The model accounted for the fuel devolatilization,moisture evaporation,heterogeneous reaction as well as homogeneous reactions integrated with the heat and mass transfer from the fluidized bed environment to the coal particle.This model was validated by comparing the model prediction with the experimental results in the literature,and a satisfactory agreement between modeling and experiments proved the reliability of the model.The modeling results demonstrated that the carbon conversion rate of a single coal particle(diameter 6 to 8 mm)under fluidized bed conditions(bed temperature 1088 K)in an O_(2)/CO_(2)(30:70)atmosphere was promoted by the gasification reaction,which was considerably greater than that in the O_(2)/N_(2)(30:70)atmosphere.In addition,the surface and center temperatures of the particle evolved similarly,no matter it is under the O_(2)/N_(2)condition or the O_(2)/CO_(2)condition.A further analysis indicated that similar trends of the temperature evolution under different atmospheres were caused by the fact that the strong heat transfer under the fluidized bed condition overwhelmingly dominated the temperature evolution rather than the heat release of the chemical reaction.