Sulforaphane enhances Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses of skeletal muscle induced by exhaustive exercise in HIIT mice

Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2(Nrf2)is the master regulator of antioxidant defenses.High-intensity interval training(HIIT)has been proposed as a time-efficient training program and has become a substantial component of modern training program In the present study,we evaluated the effects of sulforaphane(SFN),a dietary isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables and a potent Nrf2 activator,on Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense responses of skeletal muscle induced by exhaustive exercise in HIIT mice.Male C57 BL/6 J mice were randomly allocated into control group,HIIT group,and HIIT pretreated with SFN(HIIT+SFN)group.On the third day after completion of a 6-weeks HIIT protocol,an exhaustive treadmill test was conducted in all mice.Mice were intraperitoneally injected with SFN(HIIT+SFN group)or PBS(HIIT and control mice)4 times in 3 days prior to the exhaustive treadmill test.The results indicated that the 6-weeks HIIT protocol did not increase the antioxidative capacity of skeletal muscle during exhaustive exercise.Importantly,SFN treatment improved anti oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle in response to the acute exhaustive exercise by increasing mRNA and nucleoprotein expression of Nrf2 and these genes involved in antioxidant generation and decreasing blood creatine kinase(CK)and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal(4-HNE)-modified protein levels in the HIIT mice.

Ratio of visceral fat area to body fat mass(VBR)is a superior predictor of coronary heart disease

To the Editor:Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally,with coronary heart disease(CHD)exhibiting the highest mortality rate.Obesity is an important risk factor for cardiometabolic complication and CVD.Visceral adipose(VA)and subcutaneous adipose(SA)tissues exert differential and possibly opposing effects on cardiometabolic outcomes.

Development of FGF-2-loaded electrospun waterborne polyurethane fibrous membranes for bone regeneration

Guided bone regeneration(G BR)membrane has been used to improve functional outcomes for periodontal regener ation.However,few studies have focused on the biomimetic membrane mim-icking the vascularization of the periodontal membrane.This study aimed to fabricate waterborne polyurethane(WPU)fibrous membranes loaJed fibroblast growth factor-2(FGF-2)via emulsion electrospinning,which can promote regeneration of periodontal tissue via the vascularization of the biomimetic GBR membrane.A biodegradable WPU was synthesized by using lysine and dime-thylpropionic acid as chain extenders according to the rule of green chemical synthesis technology.The WPU fibers with FGF-2 was fabricated via emulsion electrospinning.The results confirmed that controlled properties of the fibrous membrane had been achieved with controlled degradation,suitable mech anical properties and sustained release of the factor.The immunohistochemical expression of angiogenic-related factors was positive,meaning that FGF-2 loaded in fibers can sig-nificantly promote cell vasculariz ation.The fiber scaffold loaded FGF-2 has the potential to be used as a functional GBR membrane to promote the formation of extraosseous blood vessels during periodontal repairing.

Constructing backbone network by using tinker algorithm

Revealing how a biological network is organized to realize its function is one of the main topics in systems biology. Tile functional backbone network, defined as the primary structure of the biological network, is of great importance in maintaining the main function of the biological network. We propose a new algorithm, the tinker algorithm, to determine this core structure and apply it in the cell-cycle system. With this algorithm, the backbone network of the cell-cycle network can be determined accurately and efficiently in various models such as the Boolean model, stochastic model, and ordinary differential equation model. Results show that our algorithm is more efficient than that used in the previous research. We hope this method can be put into practical use in relevant future studies.