High-quality large 1T phase of TiX_(2)(X = Te, Se, and S) single crystals have been grown by chemical vapor transport using iodine as a transport agent. The samples are characterized by compositional and structural an...High-quality large 1T phase of TiX_(2)(X = Te, Se, and S) single crystals have been grown by chemical vapor transport using iodine as a transport agent. The samples are characterized by compositional and structural analyses, and their properties are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Several phonon modes have been observed, including the widely reported A_(1g) and E_(8) modes, the rarely reported E_(u) mode(-83 cm^(-1) for TiTe_(2), and -185 cm^(-1)for TiS_(2)), and even the unexpected K mode(-85 cm^(-1)) of TiTe_(2). Most phonons harden with the decrease of temperature, except that the K mode of TiTe_(2) and the E_(u) and “A_(2u)/Sh” modes of TiS_(2) soften with the decrease of temperature. In addition, we also found phonon changes in TiSe_(2) that may be related to charge density wave phase transition. Our results on TiX_(2) phonons will help to understand their charge density wave and superconductivity.展开更多
We systemically investigate the nature of Ce 4f electrons in structurally layered heavy-fermion compounds Ce_(m)M_(n)In_(3m+2n)(with M=Co,Rh,Ir,and Pt,m=1,2,n=0–2),at low temperature using on-resonance angle-resolved...We systemically investigate the nature of Ce 4f electrons in structurally layered heavy-fermion compounds Ce_(m)M_(n)In_(3m+2n)(with M=Co,Rh,Ir,and Pt,m=1,2,n=0–2),at low temperature using on-resonance angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.Three heavy quasiparticle bands f^(0),f^(1/7/2)and f^(1/5/2),are observed in all compounds,whereas their intensities and energy locations vary greatly with materials.The strong f0 states imply that the localized electron behavior dominates the Ce 4f states.The Ce 4f electrons are partially hybridized with the conduction electrons,making them have the dual nature of localization and itinerancy.Our quantitative comparison reveals that the f^(1/5/2)–f^(0)intensity ratio is more suitable to reflect the 4f-state hybridization strength.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy has become a routine physical examination as people’s health awareness has increased.Polyethylene glycol(PEG)is greatly used in bowel preparation before colonoscopy due to its price and safety ...BACKGROUND Colonoscopy has become a routine physical examination as people’s health awareness has increased.Polyethylene glycol(PEG)is greatly used in bowel preparation before colonoscopy due to its price and safety advantages.Septic shock after colonoscopy with PEG preparation is extremely rare,with only very few cases in critically ill patients.Herein,we describe a case of septic shock in a healthy young adult immediately following colonoscopy with PEG preparation.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old young adult presented to our hospital for colonoscopy with PEG bowel preparation due to recurrent diarrhea for 7 years.The male's previous physical examination showed no abnormal indicators,and colonoscopy results were normal;however,he exhibited septic shock and markedly elevated white blood cell,C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin levels on the second day after colonoscopy.Immediate resuscitation and intensive care with appropriate antibiotics improved his condition.However,the blood and stool cultures did not detect the pathogen CONCLUSION Septic shock after colonoscopy is rare,especially in young adults.The authors considered the possibility of opportunistic infections after PEG bowel preparation,and clinicians should monitor patients for the possibility of such complications.展开更多
Synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy was employed to investigate the temperature evolution of the Yb 4 f spectral for surface and bulk in the Kondo lattice YbCu_(2)Si_(2).Our study quantitativel...Synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy was employed to investigate the temperature evolution of the Yb 4 f spectral for surface and bulk in the Kondo lattice YbCu_(2)Si_(2).Our study quantitatively distinguishes between the surface and bulk hybridization processes,revealing that the onset temperatures for both surface and bulk hybridization processes are significantly higher than the Kondo temperature.Additionally,we found that the effective surface Kondo temperature is much lower than that of the bulk.These findings offer valuable insights into the understanding of heavy fermion physics.展开更多
The newly discovered ternary chalcogenide superconductor Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2) has attracted growing attention,which provides an opportunity to explore the interplay between charge density wave(CDW)order and superconduct...The newly discovered ternary chalcogenide superconductor Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2) has attracted growing attention,which provides an opportunity to explore the interplay between charge density wave(CDW)order and superconductivity.However,whether the phase transition around 240 K can be attributed to the formation of CDW remains controversial.To help resolve the debate,we study the electronic structure of Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2) by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,focusing on the nature of its high-temperature phase transition around 240 K.Our measurements demonstrate that the phase transition at 240 K is a second-order CDW phase transition.Our results reveal(i)a 2×2 CDW order in Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2),accompanied by the reconstruction of electronic structure,such as band folding,band splitting,and opening of CDW gaps at and away from the Fermi level;(ii)the existence of electron-boson coupling,which is manifested as an apparent kink and peak-dip-hump structure in dispersion.Our observations thus enable us to shed light on the nature of CDW order and superconductivity in Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2).展开更多
The three-dimensional electronic structure and the nature of Ce 4f electrons of the Kondo insulator CeRu_(4)Sn_(6)are investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,utilizing tunable photon energies.Our res...The three-dimensional electronic structure and the nature of Ce 4f electrons of the Kondo insulator CeRu_(4)Sn_(6)are investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,utilizing tunable photon energies.Our results reveal(i)the three-dimensional k-space nature of the Fermi surface,(ii)the localized-to-itinerant transition of f electrons occurs at a much high temperature than the hybridization gap opening temperature,and(iii)the“relocalization”of itinerant f-electrons below 25 K,which could be the precursor to the establishment of magnetic order.展开更多
We use ultrafast optical spectroscopy to study the nonequilibrium quasiparticle relaxation dynamics of the iron-based superconductor KCa_(2)Fe_(4)A_(s4)F_(2)with T_(c)= 33.5 K. Our results reveal a possible pseudogap(...We use ultrafast optical spectroscopy to study the nonequilibrium quasiparticle relaxation dynamics of the iron-based superconductor KCa_(2)Fe_(4)A_(s4)F_(2)with T_(c)= 33.5 K. Our results reveal a possible pseudogap(△_(PG)=(2.4 ± 0.1) me V) below T*≈ 50 K but prior to the opening of a superconducting gap(△SC(0) ≈(4.3 ± 0.1) me V). Measurements under high pump fluence reveal two distinct, coherent phonon oscillations with 1.95 and 5.51 THz frequencies, respectively. The high-frequency A1 g(2) mode corresponds to the c-axis polarized vibrations of Fe As planes with a nominal electron-phonon coupling constant λA1 g(2)= 0.194 ± 0.02.Our findings suggest that the pseudogap is likely a precursor of superconductivity, and the electron-phonon coupling may play an essential role in the superconducting pairing in KCa_(2)Fe_(4)A_(s4)F_(2).展开更多
The timing and location of chicken(Gallus gallus domesticus)domestication have remained controversial for over a century[1].Several researchers have proposed China as one of the early centers for chicken domestication...The timing and location of chicken(Gallus gallus domesticus)domestication have remained controversial for over a century[1].Several researchers have proposed China as one of the early centers for chicken domestication[2].This is based on a few archaeological‘‘chicken"remains discovered in China(Table S1).Recently,one investigation detected mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA)haplotypes展开更多
Domestic dogs have an ancient origin and a long history in Africa. Nevertheless, the timing and sources of their introduction into Africa remain enigmatic. Herein, we analyse variation in mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA) D...Domestic dogs have an ancient origin and a long history in Africa. Nevertheless, the timing and sources of their introduction into Africa remain enigmatic. Herein, we analyse variation in mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA) D-loop sequences from 345 Nigerian and 37 Kenyan village dogs plus 1530 published sequences of dogs from other parts of Africa, Europe and West Asia. All Kenyan dogs can be assigned to one of three haplogroups(matrilines; clades): A, B, and C, while Nigerian dogs can be assigned to one of four haplogroups A, B, C, and D. None of the African dogs exhibits a matrilineal contribution from the African wolf(Canis lupus lupaster). The genetic signal of a recent demographic expansion is detected in Nigerian dogs from West Africa. The analyses of mitochondrial genomes reveal a maternal genetic link between modern West African and North European dogs indicated by sub-haplogroup D1(but not the entire haplogroup D) coalescing around 12,000 years ago. Incorporating molecular anthropological evidence,we propose that sub-haplogroup D1 in West African dogs could be traced back to the late-glacial dispersals, potentially associated with human hunter-gatherer migration from southwestern Europe.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074436 and U1930116)the Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University (Grant No. 2016CXS032)。
文摘High-quality large 1T phase of TiX_(2)(X = Te, Se, and S) single crystals have been grown by chemical vapor transport using iodine as a transport agent. The samples are characterized by compositional and structural analyses, and their properties are investigated by Raman spectroscopy. Several phonon modes have been observed, including the widely reported A_(1g) and E_(8) modes, the rarely reported E_(u) mode(-83 cm^(-1) for TiTe_(2), and -185 cm^(-1)for TiS_(2)), and even the unexpected K mode(-85 cm^(-1)) of TiTe_(2). Most phonons harden with the decrease of temperature, except that the K mode of TiTe_(2) and the E_(u) and “A_(2u)/Sh” modes of TiS_(2) soften with the decrease of temperature. In addition, we also found phonon changes in TiSe_(2) that may be related to charge density wave phase transition. Our results on TiX_(2) phonons will help to understand their charge density wave and superconductivity.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12074436 and 11574402)the Innovation-Driven Plan in Central South University (Grant No. 2016CXS032)+7 种基金support through the Swedish Research Council (VR) and the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC),for computing time on computer cluster Triolith at the NSC center Link?ping (supported by VR Grant No. 2018-05973)the support from the Swedish Research Council (VR) through a Starting Grant (No. Dnr. 2017-05078)support from the Swedish Research Council(VR)the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundationsupported by a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Action,International Career Grant through the European Commission and Swedish Research Council (VR)(Grant No. INCA-2014-6426)a VR neutron project (Grant No. BIFROST, Dnr. 2016-06955)granted by the Carl Tryggers Foundation for Scientific Research (Grant Nos. CTS-16:324 and CTS-17:325)the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
文摘We systemically investigate the nature of Ce 4f electrons in structurally layered heavy-fermion compounds Ce_(m)M_(n)In_(3m+2n)(with M=Co,Rh,Ir,and Pt,m=1,2,n=0–2),at low temperature using on-resonance angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.Three heavy quasiparticle bands f^(0),f^(1/7/2)and f^(1/5/2),are observed in all compounds,whereas their intensities and energy locations vary greatly with materials.The strong f0 states imply that the localized electron behavior dominates the Ce 4f states.The Ce 4f electrons are partially hybridized with the conduction electrons,making them have the dual nature of localization and itinerancy.Our quantitative comparison reveals that the f^(1/5/2)–f^(0)intensity ratio is more suitable to reflect the 4f-state hybridization strength.
文摘BACKGROUND Colonoscopy has become a routine physical examination as people’s health awareness has increased.Polyethylene glycol(PEG)is greatly used in bowel preparation before colonoscopy due to its price and safety advantages.Septic shock after colonoscopy with PEG preparation is extremely rare,with only very few cases in critically ill patients.Herein,we describe a case of septic shock in a healthy young adult immediately following colonoscopy with PEG preparation.CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old young adult presented to our hospital for colonoscopy with PEG bowel preparation due to recurrent diarrhea for 7 years.The male's previous physical examination showed no abnormal indicators,and colonoscopy results were normal;however,he exhibited septic shock and markedly elevated white blood cell,C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin levels on the second day after colonoscopy.Immediate resuscitation and intensive care with appropriate antibiotics improved his condition.However,the blood and stool cultures did not detect the pathogen CONCLUSION Septic shock after colonoscopy is rare,especially in young adults.The authors considered the possibility of opportunistic infections after PEG bowel preparation,and clinicians should monitor patients for the possibility of such complications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12074436)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1604204)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2022RC3068)
文摘Synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy was employed to investigate the temperature evolution of the Yb 4 f spectral for surface and bulk in the Kondo lattice YbCu_(2)Si_(2).Our study quantitatively distinguishes between the surface and bulk hybridization processes,revealing that the onset temperatures for both surface and bulk hybridization processes are significantly higher than the Kondo temperature.Additionally,we found that the effective surface Kondo temperature is much lower than that of the bulk.These findings offer valuable insights into the understanding of heavy fermion physics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1604204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.92265101)+1 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022RC3068)Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University(Grant No.2016CXS032)。
文摘The newly discovered ternary chalcogenide superconductor Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2) has attracted growing attention,which provides an opportunity to explore the interplay between charge density wave(CDW)order and superconductivity.However,whether the phase transition around 240 K can be attributed to the formation of CDW remains controversial.To help resolve the debate,we study the electronic structure of Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2) by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,focusing on the nature of its high-temperature phase transition around 240 K.Our measurements demonstrate that the phase transition at 240 K is a second-order CDW phase transition.Our results reveal(i)a 2×2 CDW order in Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2),accompanied by the reconstruction of electronic structure,such as band folding,band splitting,and opening of CDW gaps at and away from the Fermi level;(ii)the existence of electron-boson coupling,which is manifested as an apparent kink and peak-dip-hump structure in dispersion.Our observations thus enable us to shed light on the nature of CDW order and superconductivity in Bi_(2)Rh_(3)Se_(2).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12074436 and 11574402)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2022RC3068)the open project of Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics(Grant No.ZBJ2106110017).
文摘The three-dimensional electronic structure and the nature of Ce 4f electrons of the Kondo insulator CeRu_(4)Sn_(6)are investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,utilizing tunable photon energies.Our results reveal(i)the three-dimensional k-space nature of the Fermi surface,(ii)the localized-to-itinerant transition of f electrons occurs at a much high temperature than the hybridization gap opening temperature,and(iii)the“relocalization”of itinerant f-electrons below 25 K,which could be the precursor to the establishment of magnetic order.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51502351,12074436,U2032204,11822411,11961160699,and 11874401)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFA0704200,2017YFA0303100+6 种基金2017YFA0302900)the Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(Grant Nos.XDB25000000XDB07020300)the K.C.Wong Education Foundation(Grant No.GJTD-2020-01)support from the Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University(Grant No.2016CXS032)the support from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Grant No.Y202001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ19002)。
文摘We use ultrafast optical spectroscopy to study the nonequilibrium quasiparticle relaxation dynamics of the iron-based superconductor KCa_(2)Fe_(4)A_(s4)F_(2)with T_(c)= 33.5 K. Our results reveal a possible pseudogap(△_(PG)=(2.4 ± 0.1) me V) below T*≈ 50 K but prior to the opening of a superconducting gap(△SC(0) ≈(4.3 ± 0.1) me V). Measurements under high pump fluence reveal two distinct, coherent phonon oscillations with 1.95 and 5.51 THz frequencies, respectively. The high-frequency A1 g(2) mode corresponds to the c-axis polarized vibrations of Fe As planes with a nominal electron-phonon coupling constant λA1 g(2)= 0.194 ± 0.02.Our findings suggest that the pseudogap is likely a precursor of superconductivity, and the electron-phonon coupling may play an essential role in the superconducting pairing in KCa_(2)Fe_(4)A_(s4)F_(2).
基金supported by Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2014A030307018)Science&Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2015A020208020,2016A030303068)+2 种基金Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y4ZK111B01:2015CASEABRI002)the Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,Chinese Academy of SciencesThe Institute of Animals for Scientific Purpose Development(IAD)provided permission(U1-01205-2558)in Thailand
文摘The timing and location of chicken(Gallus gallus domesticus)domestication have remained controversial for over a century[1].Several researchers have proposed China as one of the early centers for chicken domestication[2].This is based on a few archaeological‘‘chicken"remains discovered in China(Table S1).Recently,one investigation detected mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA)haplotypes
基金supported by Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. SAJC201611 and SAJC201306)the National Basic Research program (Nos. 2013CB835200 and 2013CB835202)+3 种基金The Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences, provided support to M.S.P. and G.D.W.supported by the Animal Branch of the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Large Research Infrastructure Funding)supported, in part, by a Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciencesmanuscript preparation by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant A3148 to R.W.M
文摘Domestic dogs have an ancient origin and a long history in Africa. Nevertheless, the timing and sources of their introduction into Africa remain enigmatic. Herein, we analyse variation in mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA) D-loop sequences from 345 Nigerian and 37 Kenyan village dogs plus 1530 published sequences of dogs from other parts of Africa, Europe and West Asia. All Kenyan dogs can be assigned to one of three haplogroups(matrilines; clades): A, B, and C, while Nigerian dogs can be assigned to one of four haplogroups A, B, C, and D. None of the African dogs exhibits a matrilineal contribution from the African wolf(Canis lupus lupaster). The genetic signal of a recent demographic expansion is detected in Nigerian dogs from West Africa. The analyses of mitochondrial genomes reveal a maternal genetic link between modern West African and North European dogs indicated by sub-haplogroup D1(but not the entire haplogroup D) coalescing around 12,000 years ago. Incorporating molecular anthropological evidence,we propose that sub-haplogroup D1 in West African dogs could be traced back to the late-glacial dispersals, potentially associated with human hunter-gatherer migration from southwestern Europe.