An Environment-Friendly High-Performance Aqueous Mg-Na Hybrid-Ion Battery Using an Organic Polymer Anode

Aqueous Mg ion batteries(AMIBs)show great potential in energy storage for their advantages of high capacity,abundant resource,and environmental friendliness.However,the development of AMIBs is limited due to the scarcity of suitable anode materials.In this study,a new polymer anode material(PNTAQ)with flower-like nanosheet structure is synthesized for aqueous Mg-Na hybrid-ion battery(AMNHIB).PNTAQ possess carbonyl functional groups which can be oxidized and reduced reversibly in aqueous solution containing alkaline metal ions.PNTAQ displays a discharge specific capacity of 245 mAh g^(−1)at 50 mA g^(−1)in 1 M MgCl_(2)+0.5 M NaCl electrolyte,which is much higher than that in single 1 M MgCl_(2)or 0.5 M NaCl electrolyte.Even cycling at 1000 mA g^(−1)for 1000 times,the capacity retention can still maintain at 87.2%.A full Mg-Na hybrid-ion cell is assembled by employingβ-MnO_(2)as cathode and PNTAQ as anode material,it exhibits a specific capacity of 91.6 mAh g^(−1)at 100 mA g^(−1).The polymer electrode material well maintains its framework structure during the discharge/charge cycling process of the hybrid-ion battery.

Experimental Investigation of Material Removal in Elliptical Vibration Cutting of Cortical Bone

To benefit tissue removal and postoperative rehabilitation,increased efficiency and accuracy and reduced operating force are strongly required in the osteotomy.A novel elliptical vibration cutting(EVC)has been introduced for bone cutting compared with conventional cutting(CC)in this paper.With the assistance of high-speed microscope imaging and the dynamometer,the material removals of cortical bone and their cutting forces from two cutting regimes were recorded and analysed comprehensively,which clearly demonstrated the chip morphology improvement and the average cutting force reduction in the EVC process.It also revealed that the elliptical vibration of the cutting tool could promote fracture propagation along the shear direction.These new findings will be of important theoretical and practical values to apply the innovative EVC process to the surgical procedures of the osteotomy.

Drought risk assessment in China:Evaluation framework and influencing factors

Global warming and rapid economic development have led to increased levels of disaster risk in China.Previous attempts at assessing drought risk were highly subjective in terms of assessment methods and selection of the assessment indicators and which resulted in appreciable uncertainty in the results of these risk assessments.Based on the assumption that areas with historically high drought losses are more likely to suffer future high drought losses,we develop a new drought risk assessment model that includes historical drought loss data.With this model,we map the regional differentiation of Chinese drought risk.Regions with high(extreme high)drought risk account for 4.3%of China’s area.Five significant high-risk areas have been identified:Northeast China,North China,the east part of Northwest China,the east part of Southwest China and a small part in the west of Northwest China.Areas with high and extreme high drought risk are dominant in the Heilongjiang Province,accounting for 32%of the total area,followed by the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,with 26%of total area.The contribution of each influencing factor has been quantified,which indicates that high-exposure and high-vulnerability account for the high-risk of drought.We recommend that measures like strengthening the protection of cultivated land and reducing dependence on the primary industry should be taken to mitigate to drought-induced losses.

Real-Time Visual Tracking with Compact Shape and Color Feature

The colour feature is often used in the object tracking.The tracking methods extract the colour features of the object and the background,and distinguish them by a classifier.However,these existing methods simply use the colour information of the target pixels and do not consider the shape feature of the target,so that the description capability of the feature is weak.Moreover,incorporating shape information often leads to large feature dimension,which is not conducive to real-time object tracking.Recently,the emergence of visual tracking methods based on deep learning has also greatly increased the demand for computing resources of the algorithm.In this paper,we propose a real-time visual tracking method with compact shape and colour feature,which forms low dimensional compact shape and colour feature by fusing the shape and colour characteristics of the candidate object region,and reduces the dimensionality of the combined feature through the Hash function.The structural classification function is trained and updated online with dynamic data flow for adapting to the new frames.Further,the classification and prediction of the object are carried out with structured classification function.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed tracker performs superiorly against several state-of-the-art algorithms on the challenging benchmark dataset OTB-100 and OTB-13.

Objective Synoptic Weather Classification on Air Pollution during Winter Seasons in Hangzhou

Using the 2015-2018 Hangzhou city PM2.5,PM10,SO2,CO,NO2 and O3 mass concentration data,ERA5 reanalysis data and ground observation data,through the PCT classification method,the objective analysis of the winter air pollution weather situation in Hangzhou was obtained.The results showed that the winter air quality concentration in Hangzhou continued to be high from 2015 to 2018,and the air pollution was the most significant.Through objective classification,it is concluded that the main weather conditions affecting the region in winter are divided into 6 types,namely high pressure control,high pressure bottom control equalizing field,L-shaped high pressure control,high pressure front control equalizing field,low pressure control,low pressure front control Equalizing field.Among them,when high pressure control,high pressure bottom control equalizing field,L high pressure control,low pressure control are affected by local sources,the impact of external sources has a greater impact on the air quality in Hangzhou,and air pollution is prone to occur;before low pressure When the pressure equalization field is controlled by the Ministry and the pressure equalization field is controlled by the high pressure front,the local wind and precipitation in Hangzhou are relatively high,which is not conducive to the accumulation of air pollutants.The probability of occurrence of air pollution is small,and air pollution is not easy to occur.

亚洲水塔水循环和水资源研究进展与展望

亚洲水塔是亚洲地区重要的水资源供给单元,为其周边约8亿人的水资源需求提供保障.亚洲水塔水资源的稳定性与可持续性对周边地区社会经济稳定与可持续发展具有重要意义.受气候变化和人类活动的影响,在过去几十年中,亚洲水塔水资源存量及其可持续性引起了学界高度关注.亚洲水塔冰川消融、冻土退化、湖泊面积扩张、陆地水储量下降等进一步打破了亚洲水塔水资源平衡状态.本文围绕亚洲水塔水循环过程及其效应、水资源变化及其未来预测这一主线,梳理了亚洲水塔气候状态、冰川、径流、湖泊和陆地水储量等水资源组分的变化和影响因素系列研究成果,系统总结了气候变化下亚洲水塔水资源研究进展.在此基础上,从气候变化影响下亚洲水塔水资源存量及变化、亚洲水塔的人类福祉服务与可持续发展和跨域协同系统治理等方面讨论了亚洲水塔水资源失衡面临的挑战和未来的研究展望,以期推动亚洲水塔周边国家未来水资源科学管理与经济社会可持续发展.

Urea-assisted morphological engineering of MFI nanosheets with tunable b-thickness

Engineering of crystal morphology affects the catalytic and adsorption properties of zeolitic materials.Considering the anisotropic diffusion of molecules derived from its topological features,MFI zeolite nanosheets with short b-axis thickness are highly desired materials to reduce diffusion resistance.However,the design and development of eco-friendly synthesis protocols with reasonable cost and high efficiency remain elusive.Herein,we reported a systematic study on the synthesis of MFI nanosheets using urea as an additive.Both silicalite-1 and ZSM-5 zeolites(MFI type framework structure)with controllable b-thicknesses ranging from 50–200 nm were achieved by optimizing the synthetic parameters including water content,urea and SDA concentrations.The concentration of hydroxide anions was found to dominate the crystallization kinetics compared with the counterpart tetrapropylammonium cations(TPA^(+)).To facilitate the crystal growth of MFI zeolites in the presence of urea,the ratio OH−/SiO_(2)has to be higher than 0.2,independent of the TPA+concentration.The role of urea in the assistance of plate-like crystal formation through the inhibition of(010)facet growth was revealed by electron microscopy and infrared(IR)spectroscopy analyses.The developed strategy for morphological engineering is not limited to the MFI-type zeolite and can be applied to other frameworks depending on the intrinsic properties of additive molecules and the interactions between them.

In-situ catalytic decomposition of emitted ammonia from municipal solid waste gasification by Ni–M bimetallic catalysts supported on sewage sludge-derived biochar

Gasification technology can effectively realize energy recovery from municipal solid waste(MSW)to reduce its negative impact on the environment.However,ammonia,as a pollutant derived from MSW gasification,needs to be treated because its emission is considered harmful to mankind.This work aims to decompose the NH3 pollutant from MSW gasification by an in-situ catalytic method.The MSW sample is composed of rice,paper,polystyrene granules,rubber gloves,textile and wood chips.Ni–M(M=Co,Fe,Zn)bimetallic catalysts supported on sewage sludge-derived biochar(SSC)were prepared by co-impregnation method and further characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 isothermal adsorption,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and NH3 temperature programmed desorption.Prior to the experiments,the catalysts were first homogeneously mixed with the MSW sample,and then in-situ catalytic tests were conducted in a horizontal fixed-bed reactor.The effect of the second metal(Co,Fe,Zn)on the catalytic performance was compared to screen the best Ni-M dual.It was found that the Ni–Co/SSC catalyst had the best activity toward NH3 decomposition,whose decomposition rate reached 40.21%at 650℃.The best catalytic performance of Ni–Co/SSC can be explained by its smaller Ni particle size that facilitates the dispersion of active sites as well as the addition of Co reducing the energy barrier for the associative decomposition of NH species during the NH3 decomposition process.Besides,the activity of Ni–Co/SSC increased from 450℃to 700℃as the NH3 decomposition reaction was endothermic.

Suitability of SDN and MEC to facilitate digital twin communication over LTE-A

Haptic is the modality that complements traditional multimedia,i.e.,audiovisual,to evolve the next wave of innovation at which the Internet data stream can be exchanged to enable remote skills and control applications.This will require ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability to evolve the mobile experience into the era of Digital Twin and Tactile Internet.While the 5th generation of mobile networks is not yet widely deployed,Long-Term Evolution(LTE-A)latency remains much higher than the 1 ms requirement for the Tactile Internet and therefore the Digital Twin.This work investigates an interesting solution based on the incorporation of Software-defined networking(SDN)and Multi-access Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)technologies in an LTE-A network,to deliver future multimedia applications over the Tactile Internet while overcoming the QoS challenges.Several network scenarios were designed and simulated using Riverbed modeler and the performance was evaluated using several time-related Key Performance Indicators(KPIs)such as throughput,End-2-End(E2E)delay,and jitter.The best scenario possible is clearly the one integrating MEC and SDN approaches,where the overall delay,jitter,and throughput for haptics-attained 2 ms,0.01 ms,and 1000 packets per second.The results obtained give clear evidence that the integration of,both SDN and MEC,in LTE-A indicates performance improvement,and fulfills the standard requirements in terms of the above KPIs,for realizing a Digital Twin/Tactile Internet-based system.

单侧唇裂相关鼻畸形的治疗进展

单侧唇裂相关鼻畸形可表现为鼻基底塌陷、鼻尖偏斜、鼻小柱缩短偏移、鼻中隔偏移、鼻翼塌陷、双侧鼻孔不对称等。治疗理念主要注重于结构重建及唇鼻肌肉生物力学重建,以达到鼻部长期对称性及鼻部美学。治疗时机可分为早期唇鼻同期修复、中期鼻整形术及最终鼻整形。目前主流观念认为最终修复手术应在患儿发育成熟期开展,但适时早期修复被认为有利于后期矫正效果。手术方法包括皮瓣转移、肌肉生物力学重建,亦可利用自体软骨、生物材料、人工骨等进行移植物填充及唇鼻部支架重建,重者可采取截骨矫形。目前手术主要针对患者不同鼻畸形特点采取个体化手术方案,常多部位及多方法联合矫正。本文总结了单侧唇裂相关鼻畸形解剖特点、治疗理念、治疗时机以及治疗方式,以期为临床术式选择及改良提供参考及指导。

Ni-based catalysts derived from layered-double-hydroxide nanosheets for efficient photothermal CO_(2) reduction under flow-type system

Photothermal CO_(2) reduction is an efficient and sustainable catalytic path for CO_(2) treatment.Here,we successfully fabricated a novel series of Ni-based catalysts(Ni-x)via H2 reduction of NiAl-layered double hydroxide nanosheets at temperatures(x)ranging from 300 to 600°C.With the increase of the reduction temperature,the methane generation rate of the Ni-x catalyst for photothermal CO_(2) hydrogenation gradually increased under ultraviolet-visible-infrared(UV-vis-IR)irradiation in a flow-type system.The Ni-600 catalyst showed a CO_(2) conversion of 78.4%,offering a CH4 production rate of 278.8 mmol·g^(−1)h−1,with near 100%selectivity and 100 h long-term stability.Detailed characterization analyses showed metallic Ni nanoparticles supported on amorphous alumina are the catalytically active phase for CO_(2) methanation.This study provides a possibility for large-scale conversion and utilization of CO_(2) from a sustainable perspective.

Recent advances in photodynamic therapy based on emerging two-dimensional layered nanomaterials

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a promising non-invasive therapy approach for various diseases including malignant tumor.The process of PDT involves three interrelated aspects,namely photosensitizer(PS),light source,and oxygen,among which PS is the decisive factor that determines its anticancer efficiency.There exist some defects in currently applied PDT,such as inadequate production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),poor penetration of exciting light,insufficient oxygen supply,and nonselective distribution of PS.With unique physicochemical and optical properties,two-dimensional nanomaterials(2DNMs)have aroused great interest in biomedical fields.2DNMs-based PDT is promising to significantly improve antitumor efficacy compared to conventional PDT.In this review,we will firstly introduce the underlying mechanism of PDT and how 2DNMs are absorbed and distribute inside tumor cells.After that,we will not only illustrate how 2DNMs-based PDT can enhance tumor-killing efficacy and minimize side-effects through conquering the above-mentioned defects of conventional PDT and the preparation process of 2DNMs,but also elaborate recent advances about 2DNMs-based PDT.Lastly,we will summarize the challenges and future prospects of 2DNMs-based PDT.

Investigation on performance of special-shaped 8-quadrature amplitude modulation constellations applied in visible light communication

Light-emitting diode(LED)-based visible light communication(VLC) has become a potential candidate for nextgeneration ultra-high-speed indoor wireless communication. In this paper, four special-shaped 8-quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) constellations are investigated in a single-carrier VLC system. It is numerically verified and experimentally demonstrated that circular(7,1) shows obvious superiority in the performance of the dynamic range of signal voltage peak-to-peak(vpp) value and bit error rate(BER). Next best is rectangular, followed by triangular; circular(4,4) has the worst performance. A data rate of 1.515 Gbit/s is successfully achieved by circular(7,1) employing a red chip LED over 0.5 m indoor free space transmission below a BER threshold of3.8 × 10^(-3). Compared with circular(4,4), the traditional 8-QAM constellation, circular(7,1) provides a wider dynamic range of signal vpp, a higher data rate, and a longer transmission distance. To the best of our knowledge,this is the first investigation into the performance differences of special-shaped 8-QAM constellations in a highspeed, single-carrier VLC system, and the results comprehensively demonstrate that circular(7,1) is the optimal option.

Machine Learning-Based Evaluation of Susceptibility to Geological Hazards in the Hengduan Mountains Region, China

The Hengduan Mountains Region(HMR) is one of the areas that experience the most frequent geological hazards in China. However, few reports are available that address the geological hazard susceptibility of the region.This study developed six machine learning models to assess the geological hazard susceptibility. The results show that areas with medium and high susceptibility to geological hazards as a whole account for almost 21% of the total area, while both are 18% when it comes to the single hazard of landslide and rockfall respectively. Medium and high geological hazard susceptibility is found in three parts of the HMR with different characteristics:(1)the central and southern parts, where the population of the region concentrates;(2) the northern part, where higher geological hazard susceptibility is found along the mountain ranges;and(3) the junction of Tibet, Yunnan, and Sichuan in the eastern part, which is prone to larger-scale geological hazards. Of all the potential influencing factors,topographic features and climatic variables act as the major driving factors behind geological hazards and elevation,slope, and precipitation are crucial indicators for geological hazard susceptibility assessment. This study developed the geological hazard susceptibility maps of the HMR and provided information for the multi-hazard risk assessment and management of the region.

千补百衲 不弃纤毫——解读日本传统BORO工艺

BORO是日本东北部地区传统的服饰加工工艺,它虽然看似破旧不堪,却曾经被日本民众视若珍宝。本文将从BORO工艺的成因、用途以及工艺技法等角度,揭示蕴含在BORO工艺背后的艺术与人文内涵。

屋上神灵——云南民间“瓦猫”的文化内涵

本文以云南民间建筑中常见的装饰部件“瓦猫”为研究对象,以民间传说、图像及古代文献为依据,分析了瓦猫的名称、形象来源与演变;结合瓦猫在不同地区的称谓,对其造型特征、种类及功能进行了分析。同时,在对瓦猫安放中的民俗规矩与禁忌进行梳理的基础上,以瓦猫为缩影,阐述了中国传统建筑吉祥神兽在结构功能、精神信仰等方面所起到的重要作用,进一步揭示了传统屋脊神兽与民间生活、民俗信仰密不可分的文化渊源与逻辑关系。

风靡宋代的民间玩具——磨喝乐泥塑文化探源

游戏是人类与生俱来的能力与需要,也是人类最古老的一种社会行为和文化活动。用于游戏和娱乐的玩具、玩物也几乎与人类造物一样拥有同样长的历史。无论在人生的哪一阶段,何种年龄,人们都能借助玩具,充分了解自我、开发智力,同时玩具也是人类认识世界的重要途径。中国广大的民间社会因其地域与民族的纷繁多样.

Multi-granularity semantic alignment distillation learning for remote sensing image semantic segmentation

1Introduction Due to the powerful feature extraction ability of convolutional neural network[1],deep model-based semantic segmentation of remote sensing images have received more and more atention.,The large-scale deep networks,bring greater computational complexity[2].However,deploying,deep semantic segmentation models on devices with limited resources and high real-time requirements is challenging.

Chirality Transfer from Chiral Mesoporous Silica to Perovskite CsPbBr_(3) Nanocrystals:The Role of Chiral Confinement

A convenient and universal in situ growth strategy has beenemployed for constructingCsPbBr_(3)/chiralmesoporous silica(CsPbBr_(3)@CMS)composite.The circular dichroism spectra show that the CsPbBr_(3)@CMS composite has the same left-handed chirality with chiral mesophorous silica(CMS),which confirms that the chirality can be transferred from CMS to the CsPbBr_(3) perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)by confining the CsPbBr_(3) NCs in the helix channels of CMS.The spiral arrangement of CsPbBr_(3) NCs results in a circularly polarized luminescence response with a dissymmetry factor|glum|upto5.4×10^(−3).The quantumconfinement effect provided by CMS causes the shift of the band edge toward higher energies with photoluminescence(PL)emission of 474 nm.Furthermore,the CMSmatrix immensely improves the stability of the CsPbBr_(3) NCs,which enables the PL intensity of this composite to remain constant under the condition of continuous UV light irradiation for 48 h and exposure to the air for more than 6 months.Based on these merits,the CsPbBr_(3)@CMS composite can be used to prepare high-performance blue light-emitting diodes.

当代城市民艺的传播

民艺作为百姓的艺术,与人们的日常生活空间、人际交往空间有着不可分割的关系,脱离了鲜活的生活场景,便损失了民艺本质的大半。本文以北京地区的民艺为例,试从民艺的艺术与社会特征及其在当代都市空间中的生存状态等角度进行阐释,结合北京传统历史街区的空间特性与人文价值,分析在传统历史街区构建城市民艺新生态、探索民艺传播新方式的可能性。