Improved methodology for efficient establishment of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model in pigs through the median thoracic incision

To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of establishing porcine ischemia-reperfusion models by ligating the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery,we first randomly divided 16 male Bama pigs into a sham group and a model group.After anesthesia,we separated the arteries and veins.Subsequently,we rapidly located the LAD coronary artery at the beginning of its first diagonal branch through a mid-chest incision.Then,we loosened and released the ligation line after five minutes of pre-occlusion.Finally,we ligated the LAD coronary artery in situ two minutes later and loosened the ligature 60 min after ischemia.Compared with the sham group,electrocardiogram showed multiple continuous lead ST-segment elevations,and ultrasound cardiogram showed significantly lower ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening at one hour and seven days post-operation in the model group.Twenty-four hours after the operation,cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels significantly increased in the model group,compared with the sham group.Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed the presence of many inflammatory cells infiltrating the interstitium of the myocardium in the model group but not in the sham group.Masson staining revealed a significant increase in infarct size in the ischemia/reperfusion group.All eight pigs in the model group recovered with normal sinus heart rates,and the survival rate was 100%.In conclusion,the method can provide an accurate and stable large animal model for preclinical research on ischemia/reperfusion with a high success rate and homogeneity of the myocardial infarction area.

14例慢性淋巴细胞白血病合并自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者的临床特征及预后分析

目的:探讨慢性淋巴细胞白血病(chronic lymphocytic leukemia,CLL)合并自身免疫性溶血性贫血(autoimmune hemolytic anemia,AIHA)的临床特征、治疗方案及疗效。方法:回顾性分析1989年1月至2013年12月中国医学科学院血液病医院确诊的14例CLL合并AIHA患者的临床资料。结果:14例CLL合并AIHA的患者中,其中男性11例,女性3例,中位年龄57.5(42.0~69.0)岁。B症状4例(28.6%),贫血9例(64.3%),乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)增高10例(71.4%)。针对AIHA进行治疗后,14例患者中可评价疗效者9例,β2-微球蛋白水平增高9例(100%),免疫球蛋白重链可变区(immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region,IGHV)无突变3例(37.5%)。总有效(overall response rate,ORR)率为100%(9/9),完全缓解(complete response,CR)为6例(66.7%),部分缓解(partial response,PR)为3例(33.3%)。针对CLL进行治疗后,14例患者中可评价疗效者11例,ORR为63.6%(7/11),CR为3例(27.3%),PR为4例(36.4%),疾病稳定(stable disease,SD)为3例(27.3%),疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)为1例(9.1%)。有长期随访资料的11例患者中,中位无进展生存期(median progression-free survival,mPFS)为69(4~120)个月,中位总生存期(median overall survival,mOS)为75(4~128)个月。5年无进展生存(progression-free survival,PFS)率为(62.3±15.0)%,10年PFS率为(18.7±15.5)%,5年总生存(overall survival,OS)率为(80.0±12.6)%,10年OS率为(24.0±19.5)%。结论:AIHA为CLL的常见并发症,可在疾病不同阶段出现。糖皮质激素及美罗华联合化疗疗效较好,新型靶向药物具有良好的应用前景。

A New-Type Acupuncture Model Based on STM32

Background: The foundation of this acupuncture model is to solve the lack of experimental teaching model and student’s inadequate ability to identify acupoints in the teaching of acupuncture and moxibustion in traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: In this model we use modern materials to simulate human arms and combination with electronic engineering to create a “Modern Version of Acupuncture Man” and select 2015 undergraduates of Traditional Chinese Medicine School in Jinan University as the research object, to divide those students into two teaching mode which is using acupuncture models or not, to compare their mastery of the acupoint names and position. Results: After the three times different mode teaching and have a test, the average score of using models group was much higher than traditional teaching mode groups (p < 0.05). And all the students expressed that using the model teaching and investigation could better grasp the location and depth of acupoints and enhance their ability of identifying acupoints. Conclusions: The acupuncture models beneficial to the training the acupuncture of Traditional Chinese Medicine students, and also it can make the theory of acupuncture more “Standardization” and “Visualization”.

The Field Shielding Effect of Mountain on the Lightning Electromagnetic Field

In this paper we have studied the effect of strike to a cone-shaped mountain surrounded by two chains of hills on the lightning vertical electric field and azimuthal magnetic field at different distances, by using two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (2-D FDTD) method in cylindrical coordinate systems. In order to analyze the electrostatic shielding effect of strike to a cone-shaped mountain surrounded by two chains of hills on the lightning, we chose three mountains, and the left one is stroke by lightning, and the right one is near the obervation site, and the middle one with the top heights increasing from 0 to 2 km is between them. For the observed point, the electrostatic shielding effect of the right one on the lightning vertical electric field is the most serious, and the electric field is much less than that for strike to flat ground level;compared with the electric field, the shielding effect of the right one on the lightning azimuthal magnetic field becomes less, for most cases, the lightning magnetic field at the observed site is larger than that for flat ground cases mainly due to that of the increment caused by strike to the right mountain. With the increase of distance (e.g., 20 km from the lightning strike point), the shielding effect of the right mountain on the lightning field becomes less, because the reflected wave from the right mountain bottom plays a more important role over intermediate ranges, and the far radiation electromagnetic field peak value becomes larger due to such a reflecting wave. Therefore, in the lightning detecting technique, we should pay more attention to the effect caused by chains of hills on the lightning location and the estimation of lightning current peak.

南昌VR科创城概念性总体规划

1规划背景。1970~2015年,全球湿地面积消失了近35%,由于人类活动的干预和气候变化等因素,2000年后,湿地萎缩的速度每年依旧在迅速增加。作为"地球之肾",湿地的萎缩大大降低了其调节气候、调蓄洪水、净化水体的能力,在一定程度上加剧了旱涝灾害。

Dynamic Control of Multiple Optical Patterns of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Microdroplets by Light-Driven Molecular Motors

The key to high-level encryption and anti-counterfeiting techniques is the storage of multiple levels of distinct information that can be individually and precisely addressed by certain stimuli.This continues to be a formidable challenge as the concealed images or codes must be read with fast response and high resolution without cross-talk to the first layer of information.Here,we report a non-fluorescencebased strategy to establish responsive encryption labels taking advantage of solely tuning multiple optical patterns of cholesteric liquid crystal(CLC)microdroplets doped with light-driven molecular motors.The photo-triggered unidirectional rotation of the motor induced not only changes in the helical twist power value but the opposite helical orientation of the superstructure in CLCs as well,resulting in changes in both the structural color and the selective reflection of circularly polar light.The designed labels,which featured highly selective addressability of dual-level distinct information,good reversibility,and viewing angle-independence,were applied to build devices for daily practical use,demonstrating great potential in anti-counterfeiting technology and provide a versatile platform for enhanced data protection and encryption of authentic information.

Photo-responsive functional materials based on light-driven molecular motors

In the past two decades,the research and development of light-triggered molecular machines have mainly focused on developing molecular devices at the nanoscale.A key scientific issue in the field is how to amplify the controlled motion of molecules at the nanoscale along multiple length scales,such as the mesoscopic or the macroscopic scale,or in a more practical perspective,how to convert molecular motion into changes of properties of a macroscopic material.Light-driven molecular motors are able to perform repetitive unidirectional rotation upon irradiation,which offers unique opportunities for responsive macroscopic systems.With several reviews that focus on the design,synthesis and operation of the motors at the nanoscale,photo-responsive macroscopic materials based on light-driven molecular motors have not been comprehensively summarized.In the present review,we first discuss the strategy of confining absolute molecular rotation into relative rotation by grafting motors on surfaces.Secondly,examples of self-assemble motors in supramolecular polymers with high internal order are illustrated.Moreover,we will focus on building of motors in a covalently linked system such as polymeric gels and polymeric liquid crystals to generate complex responsive functions.Finally,a perspective toward future developments and opportunities is given.This review helps us getting a more and more clear picture and understanding on how complex movement can be programmed in light-responsive systems and how man-made adaptive materials can be invented,which can serve as an important guideline for further design of complex and advanced responsive materials.

Axis-symmetric Onsager clustered states of point vortices in a bounded domain

We study axis-symmetric Onsager clustered states of a neutral point vortex system confined to a two-dimensional disc. Our analysis is based on the mean field of bounded point vortices in the microcanonical ensemble. The clustered vortex states are specified by the inverse temperature β and the rotation frequency ω, which are the conjugate variables of energy E and angular momentum L,respectively. The formation of the axis-symmetric clustered vortex states(azimuthal angle independent) involves the separating of vortices with opposite circulation and the clustering of vortices with the same circulation around the origin and edge. The state preserves SO(2) symmetry while breaking Z_2 symmetry. We find that, near the uniform state, the rotation-free clustered state(ω = 0) emerges at particular values of L^(2)/E and β. At large energies, we obtain asymptotically exact vortex density distributions, whose validity condition gives rise to the lower bound of β for the rotation-free states. Noticeably, the obtained vortex density distribution near the edge at large energies provides a novel exact vortex density distribution for the corresponding chiral vortex system.

Cytogenetic aberrations of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/ Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia in Chinese patients

To the Editor:As a rare indolent B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia(LPL/WM)has unique clinical and biological characteristics.[1]However,due to the difficulties in obtaining tumor metaphase for karyotyping and slow cell proliferation,only very few studies have detected the cytogenetic aberration of LPL/WM.[2,3]In addition,6q deletion is the most common cytogenetic aberration in WM,with an incidence rate of about 50%.[2]Nevertheless,other cytogenetic aberrations remain largely unclear,and the prognostic role of cytogenetic aberrations needs to be further explored.In the present study,we systematically analyzed 305 LPL/WM cases in China,focusing on the characteristics and cytogenetic aberrations in Chinese patients.

Differential accumulation mechanisms of purine alkaloids and catechins in Camellia ptilophylla,a natural theobromine-rich tea

Tea is consumed worldwide due to its charming flavor and the refreshing effects conferred by caffeine.Caffeine however has undesirable side effects,such as sleep disturbance.Camellia ptilophylla is known for its low caffeine content,and the biosynthesis of purine alkaloids in this species has become a hot topic.In this study,the accumulation of purine alkaloids in a natural C.ptilophylla population(32 plants)was analyzed,and the results showed that 81.25%of this population were caffeine-free,containing only theobromine(TB),while six plants contained both theobromine and caffeine(CAF).RNA-seq analysis of two C.ptilophylla plants with contrasting purine alkaloid contents(TB and CAF)revealed that xanthosine synthesis genes of the SAM cycle and AMP pathway were significantly related to the differential accumulation of purine alkaloids between TB and CAF.The high theobromine content in TB was attributed to the significantly higher expression of TCS-2,TCS-3 and MXMTs and downregulation of the xanthosine degradation pathway in comparison to CAF.Additionally,CsMYB184 was significantly upregulated in TB,opposing the expression pattern of TCS1,but consistent with that of other TCSs and MXMTs.Furthermore,the upregulated expression of catechin biosynthesis genes,F3'H,F3'5'H and SCPLs in TB corresponded to a higher gallocatechin gallate(GCG)content.Overall,these findings provide new insights into the accumulation of theobromine and GCG,which may facilitate the development of tea plant cultivars with low-caffeine or high GCG to meet the diverse demands of consumers.

天然气储气库往复式压缩机异常磨损分析和控制

“十四五”期间全国天然气管网已形成了互联互通,但管输气质更加复杂,一定量的粉尘广泛存在于天然气管道中,导致储气库往复式压缩机压缩缸发生异常磨损。基于切向撞击能量模型,结合现场测量和计算流体力学动网格方法,明确了压缩缸磨损特性。结果表明,压缩缸内润滑油与粉尘混合后形成研磨膏,随着粉尘质量浓度从0.01%增至3.00%,研磨膏黏度从4.51×10^(5)mPa·s增加至1.27×10^(6)mPa·s,密度从890 kg/m^(3)增至980 kg/m^(3);压缩缸磨损多发生在其12点和6点钟方向,当活塞在行程的两侧时,压缩缸内剪切应力和磨损速率最小,当活塞位于行程中点时,压缩缸内剪切应力和磨损速率最大;发现对于每1000 h运行不需修复压缩缸(磨损量小于0.13 mm),粉尘质量浓度宜控制在0.60%以下,每5000 h和每10000 h运行不需更换压缩缸(磨损量小于1.16 mm),粉尘质量浓度应分别控制在1.30%和0.40%以下;当粉尘质量浓度为0.01%时,磨损速率随润滑油黏度降低而降低,当粉尘质量浓度为0.51%和1.00%时,当润滑油黏度在2.59×10^(5),2.21×10^(5),1.97×10^(5)mPa·s时,计算磨损速率随黏度降低陡然增大。

NIR-II light activated photodynamic therapy with proteincapped gold nanoclusters

The use of near-infrared （NIR） light for photodynamic therapy （PDT） is a promising strategy to circumvent the limitations of current PDT, in which visible light with limited tissue penetration depth is usually used. In the present stud~ alkyl thiolated gold nanoclusters （AuNCs） were co-modified with human serum albumin （HSA） and catalase （CAT）, and then employed as a multifunctional, optical, theranostic nano-agent. In the AuNC@HSA/CAT system, the AuNCs were able to produce singlet oxygen under excitation by a 1,064-nm laser, which locates in the second NIR window （NIR-II）, and featured much lower tissue absorption and scattering, enabling NIR-II-triggered PDT. The HSA coating greatly improved the physiological stability of the nanoparticles, which showed efficient tumor retention after intravenous injection, as revealed by detecting the AuNC fluorescence. Moreover, the presence of CAT in the nanoparticles triggered decomposition of tumor endogenous H202 to generate oxygen, thereby enhancing the efficacy of PDT by relieving tumor hypoxia. Compared with conventional PDT using visible light, NIR-II-triggered PDT exhibits remarkably increased tissue penetration. Thus, we developed a new type of photosensitizing nano-agent that simultaneously enables in vivo fluorescence imaging, tumor hypoxia relief, and NIR-II light-induced in vivo PDT in the treatment of cancer.

Protein kinases in cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains the leading cause of death worldwide.Therefore,exploring the mechanism of CVDs and critical regulatory factors is of great significance for promoting heart repair,reversing cardiac remodeling,and reducing adverse cardiovascular events.Recently,significant progress has been made in understanding the function of protein kinases and their interactions with other regulatory proteins in myocardial biology.Protein kinases are positioned as critical regulators at the intersection of multiple signals and coordinate nearly every aspect of myocardial responses,regulating contractility,metabolism,transcription,and cellular death.Equally,reconstructing the disrupted protein kinases regulatory network will help reverse pathological progress and stimulate cardiac repair.This review summarizes recent researches concerning the function of protein kinases in CVDs,discusses their promising clinical applications,and explores potential targets for future treatments.