Stimulus-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials have gained significant attention for their important optoelectronic application prospects.However,the fabrication strategy and underlying mechanism o...Stimulus-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials have gained significant attention for their important optoelectronic application prospects.However,the fabrication strategy and underlying mechanism of stimulus-responsive RTP materials remain less explored.Herein,we present a reliable strategy for achieving pH-responsive RTP materials by integrating poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)with carboxylic acid or amino group functionalized terpyridine(Tpy)derivatives.The resulting Tpy derivativesbased RTP materials displayed reversible changes in emission color,intensity,and lifetime of both prompt and delayed emission.Notably,the RTP emission undergoes a significant diminish upon exposure to acid due to the protonation of Tpy units.Taking advantage of the decent RTP emission and pH-responsiveness of these RTP films,a spatial-time-resolved anti-counterfeiting application is demonstrated as a proof-ofconcept for largely enhancing the security level.This study not only provides new prospects for developing smart RTP materials but also promotes the advancement of optical anti-counterfeiting applications.展开更多
Cobalamin(B_(12)),an essential nutrient and growth cofactor for many living organisms on Earth,can be fully synthesized only by selected prokaryotes in nature.Therefore,microbial communities related to B_(12) biosynth...Cobalamin(B_(12)),an essential nutrient and growth cofactor for many living organisms on Earth,can be fully synthesized only by selected prokaryotes in nature.Therefore,microbial communities related to B_(12) biosynthesis could serve as an example subsystem to disentangle the underlying ecological mechanisms balancing the function and taxonomic make-up of complex functional assemblages.By anchoring microbial traits potentially involved in B_(12) biosynthesis,we depict the biogeographic patterns of B_(12) biosynthesis genes and the taxa harboring them in the global ocean,despite the limitations of detecting de novo B_(12) synthesizers via metagenomes alone.Both the taxonomic and functional composition of B_(12) biosynthesis genes were strongly shaped by depth,differentiating the epipelagic zones from the mesopelagic layers.Functional genes related to B_(12) biosynthesis were relatively stably distributed across different oceans,but the taxa harboring them varied considerably,showing clear functional redundancy among microbial systems.Microbial taxa carrying B_(12) biosynthesis genes in the surface water were influenced by environmental factors such as temperature,oxygen,and nitrate.However,the composition of functional genes was only weakly associated with these environmental factors.Null model analyses demonstrated that determinism governed the variations in B_(12) biosynthesis genes,whereas a higher degree of stochasticity was associated with taxonomic variations.Significant associations were observed between the chlorophyll a concentration and B_(12) biosynthesis,confirming its importance in primary production in the global ocean.The results of this study reveal an essential ecological mechanism governing the assembly of microbes in nature:the environment selects for function rather than taxonomy;functional redundancy underlies stochastic community assembly.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22205249)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ23B040002)+2 种基金the Sino-German Mobility Program(No.M-0424)Ningbo International Cooperation Project(No.2023H019)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2021TQ0341,2022M723252)。
文摘Stimulus-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials have gained significant attention for their important optoelectronic application prospects.However,the fabrication strategy and underlying mechanism of stimulus-responsive RTP materials remain less explored.Herein,we present a reliable strategy for achieving pH-responsive RTP materials by integrating poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)with carboxylic acid or amino group functionalized terpyridine(Tpy)derivatives.The resulting Tpy derivativesbased RTP materials displayed reversible changes in emission color,intensity,and lifetime of both prompt and delayed emission.Notably,the RTP emission undergoes a significant diminish upon exposure to acid due to the protonation of Tpy units.Taking advantage of the decent RTP emission and pH-responsiveness of these RTP films,a spatial-time-resolved anti-counterfeiting application is demonstrated as a proof-ofconcept for largely enhancing the security level.This study not only provides new prospects for developing smart RTP materials but also promotes the advancement of optical anti-counterfeiting applications.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0607600 and 2019YFA0606700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.31971446,92051110,and 32371598)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundations of Shandong Province (2020ZLYS04 and ZR2020YQ21)the Taishan Young Scholarship of Shandong Provincethe Distinguished Young Scholarship of Shandong University.
文摘Cobalamin(B_(12)),an essential nutrient and growth cofactor for many living organisms on Earth,can be fully synthesized only by selected prokaryotes in nature.Therefore,microbial communities related to B_(12) biosynthesis could serve as an example subsystem to disentangle the underlying ecological mechanisms balancing the function and taxonomic make-up of complex functional assemblages.By anchoring microbial traits potentially involved in B_(12) biosynthesis,we depict the biogeographic patterns of B_(12) biosynthesis genes and the taxa harboring them in the global ocean,despite the limitations of detecting de novo B_(12) synthesizers via metagenomes alone.Both the taxonomic and functional composition of B_(12) biosynthesis genes were strongly shaped by depth,differentiating the epipelagic zones from the mesopelagic layers.Functional genes related to B_(12) biosynthesis were relatively stably distributed across different oceans,but the taxa harboring them varied considerably,showing clear functional redundancy among microbial systems.Microbial taxa carrying B_(12) biosynthesis genes in the surface water were influenced by environmental factors such as temperature,oxygen,and nitrate.However,the composition of functional genes was only weakly associated with these environmental factors.Null model analyses demonstrated that determinism governed the variations in B_(12) biosynthesis genes,whereas a higher degree of stochasticity was associated with taxonomic variations.Significant associations were observed between the chlorophyll a concentration and B_(12) biosynthesis,confirming its importance in primary production in the global ocean.The results of this study reveal an essential ecological mechanism governing the assembly of microbes in nature:the environment selects for function rather than taxonomy;functional redundancy underlies stochastic community assembly.
