High-intensity spatial-mode steerable frequency up-converter toward on-chip integration

Integrated photonic devices are essential for on-chip optical communication,optical-electronic systems,and quantum information sciences.To develop a high-fidelity interface between photonics in various frequency domains without disturbing their quantum properties,nonlinear frequency conversion,typically steered with the quadratic(χ2)process,should be considered.Furthermore,another degree of freedom in steering the spatial modes during theχ2 process,with unprecedent mode intensity is proposed here by modulating the lithium niobate(LN)waveguide-based inter-mode quasi-phasematching conditions with both temperature and wavelength parameters.Under high incident light intensities(25 and 27.8 dBm for the pump and the signal lights,respectively),mode conversion at the sum-frequency wavelength with sufficient high output power(−7–8 dBm)among the TM01,TM10,and TM00 modes is realized automatically with characterized broad temperature(ΔT≥8°C)and wavelength windows(Δλ≥1 nm),avoiding the previous efforts in carefully preparing the signal or pump modes.The results prove that high-intensity spatial modes can be prepared at arbitrary transparent wavelength of theχ2 media toward on-chip integration,which facilitates the development of chip-based communication and quantum information systems because spatial correlations can be applied to generate hyperentangled states and provide additional robustness in quantum error correction with the extended Hilbert space.

光敏化反应生成单线态氧的电子耦合计算及共分子轨道重叠描述

三重态融合反应又称三重态-三重态湮灭反应,近年来被广泛应用于光催化、太阳能电池和生物成像等前沿领域.在光敏化生成单线态氧的反应中,三重态激发的光敏剂分子通过三重态融合反应将激发态能量传递给基态氧分子^(3)O_(2),生成单重态的激发氧分子即单线态氧.本文以6-aza-2-thiothymine为光敏剂,通过量子化学计算得到该反应的非绝热耦合强度,然后通过分子间运动下的积分转换,得到反应的透热电子耦合强度.最后使用光敏剂分子和O_(2)的前线分子轨道计算轨道重叠强度,对量子化学计算得到的电子耦合值进行拟合,验证三重态融合反应的分子轨道重叠描述.结果表明,分子轨道重叠可以较好地描述不同间距下光敏剂-O_(2)三线态融合反应的电子耦合强度分布,为预测三重态融合反应电子耦合提供了一种简便而有效的新方法.

A Study on the Agricultural Scientific Research Management in the New Situation

As the core of the management of agricultural institutes,scientific research management plays a vital role in strategic development,and also affects the strategic development of agricultural research institutes. This paper expounds the connotation and characteristics of agricultural scientific research management as well as management ability requirements of management personnel. This paper puts forward the recommendations for improving agricultural scientific research management from the view of management personnel.

How to allocate public health manpower in township health centers in China scientifically and reasonably

INTRODUCTION The global health issue is not a shortage of capital or technology, but a shortage of health manpower. Health human resource （HHR）, an important component of health resources, determines the quantity, quality and effectiveness of health service, thus greatly impacting on health service to the citizens.

基于文本挖掘的灵活就业政策变迁、现实困境及对策建议

灵活就业是我国就业领域的重要组成部分,灵活就业市场治理政策随着经济社会的发展形成了阶段性治理模式。为厘清灵活就业市场演化逻辑,明确灵活就业政策注意力变迁,本文选取1995—2022年间434份灵活就业相关政策文件,基于多源流理论划分灵活就业市场发展阶段,构建灵活就业政策变迁模型。并借助Python进行文本挖掘,验证政策变迁模型的准确性,探寻灵活就业治理模式的隐藏信息。最终,将灵活就业发展阶段划分为萌芽、扩张、修正、革新、飞跃五个阶段,构建由三条源流和四部核心政策组成的政策变迁模型。并从治理方、企业方和从业者三方困境入手,提出统筹就业领域战略全局,加快构建灵活就业政策体系;实现企业约束和助力两手抓、两不误;鼓励搭建更多培训平台,提升灵活就业者技能积累;以大数据等信息技术为支撑,构建灵活就业市场动态监测官方平台等建议。

Practice and Thinking on the Construction of Agricultural Science and Education Cooperative Personnel Cultivation Base

Agricultural science and education cooperative personnel cultivation base is a new personnel cultivation platform built by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Education relying on the national modern agricultural industry technology system,to strengthen the close connection between agricultural education and modern agricultural industry. The first batch of agricultural science and education cooperative personnel cultivation bases have been operating for 5 years. Taking Zhanjiang Litchi-Longan Agricultural Science and Education Cooperative Personnel Cultivation Base as an example,it introduced the achievements in the base construction from the perspective of construction cooperators,and discussed measures for improving the base operation.

团队时间心智模型:研究进展与未来研究展望

团队时间心智模型刻画了团队成员对于关键时间要素的认知一致程度,是预测团队有效性的重要因素。同时,团队时间心智模型研究深化了学界对团队层面时间认知的理解,有助于推动组织时间相关主题的研究。然而,现有关于团队时间心智模型的研究存在构念名称不统一、研究之间缺乏有效对话等问题,提高了系统认识团队时间心智模型的难度,并进一步阻碍了这一研究领域的持续推进和创新。本文从构念演化、测量、影响因素、结果与理论基础等方面梳理了团队时间心智模型的研究脉络。未来研究可以通过揭示团队时间心智模型的涌现过程、拓展研究层次、聚焦时间属性视角以及挖掘团队时间心智模型的关键预测因素、影响后效和边界条件六大方面推进团队时间心智模型领域的发展。

危机下的组织沟通网络变化与知识分享行为演变:一项基于工作系统大数据的追踪研究

随着互联网技术的普及,企业行为越来越多地发生和存储于网络当中,如何对工作网络中的动态数据进行有效利用和分析成为AI时代管理研究的热点和难点。另一方面,当下中国企业面临着前所未有的风险挑战和环境变化,有效应对不确定性和环境变化也成为核心命题。由此,探索企业应对危机的有效管理对策和行为规律显得尤为重要。本研究以高新科技企业M公司为对象,针对该企业在2021年初遭遇的一次重大危机事件进行了为期两个月的追踪研究。通过记录公司的具体管理动作,抽取工作系统内的沟通网络平台和知识管理平台大数据来进行分析,尝试构建企业实施危机管理的动态过程与有效机制,最后采用深度访谈对危机管理效果进行了评估。研究结合大数据分析技术与定性研究方法 ,更为全面地描述了危机发生后企业管理动作与沟通网络变化、知识分享行为演变之间的动态规律,揭示出企业危机管理的有效路径,既丰富了危机管理领域的实证研究,也是将新技术应用于案例研究的一次大胆尝试。

Factors that determine catastrophic expenditure for tuberculosis care: a patient survey in China

Background:Tuberculosis(TB)often causes catastrophic economic effects on both the individual suffering the disease and their households.A number of studies have analyzed patient and household expenditure on TB care,but there does not appear to be any that have assessed the incidence,intensity and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure(CHE)relating to TB care in China.That will be the objective of this paper.Methods:The data used for this study were derived from the baseline survey of the China Government–Gates Foundation TB Phase Ⅱ program.Our analysis included 747 TB cases.Catastrophic health expenditure for TB care was estimated using two approaches,with households defined as experiencing CHE if their annual expenditure on TB care:(a)exceeded 10%of total household income;and(b)exceeded 40%of their non-food expenditure(capacity to pay).Chi-square tests were used to identify associated factors and logistic regression analysis to identify the determinants of CHE.Results:The incidence of CHE was 66.8%using the household income measure and 54.7%using non-food expenditure(capacity to pay).An inverse association was observed between CHE rates and household income level.Significant determinants of CHE were:age,household size,employment status,health insurance status,patient income as a percentage of total household income,hospitalization and status as a minimum living security household.Factors including gender,marital status and type of TB case had no significant associations with CHE.Conclusions:Catastrophic health expenditure incidence from TB care is high in China.An integrated policy expanding the free treatment package and ensuring universal coverage,especially the height of UHC for TB patients,is needed.Financial and social protection interventions are essential for identified at-risk groups.

Implementing a “free” tuberculosis (TB) care policy under the integrated model in Jiangsu, China: practices and costs in the real world

Background:In the 1990s,China introduced a“free”tuberculosis(TB)care policy under the national TB control program.Recently,as a part of a new TB diagnosis and treatment model,it has been recommended that the integrated model scale up.This paper examines whether or not TB designated hospitals in the selected project sites have provided TB care according to the national and local guidelines,and analyzes the actual practices and expenditures involved in completing TB treatment.It also explores the reasons why“free”TB care in China cannot be effectively implemented under the integrated model.Methods:This study was conducted in three counties of Zhenjiang city,Jiangsu province.Mixed methods were used,which comprised reviewing the national and local TB control guidelines,conducting TB patient surveys,collecting TB inpatient and outpatient hospital records,and conducting qualitative interviews with stakeholders.Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative data analysis across counties and in order to compare patients who received only outpatient care and those who received both outpatient and inpatient care.The chi-square test and analysis of variance were performed where necessary.Qualitative data were analyzed using the framework approach.Results:Although the national TB care guidelines recommend outpatient care as a basis for TB treatment in China,we found high hospital admission rates for TB patients ranging from 39%in Yangzhong county to 83%in Dantu county.Almost all outpatient TB patients paid for lab tests and over 80%paid for liver protection drugs and around 70%paid for image examinations.These three components accounted for three-quarters of the total outpatient expenditure.For patients who received only outpatient care,the total expenditure upon completion of TB treatment was on average 1,135 Chinese yuan.For patients who received outpatient and inpatient care,the total expenditure upon completion of TB treatment was 11,117 Chinese yuan.Conclusion:The“free”TB care policy under the integrated model has not been effectively implemented in China.There has been substantial spending on non-recommended services,examinations,and drugs for TB treatment.

Factors that associated with TB patient admission rate and TB inpatient service cost: a cross-sectional study in China

Background:China has recently adopted the“TB designated hospital model”to improve the quality of tuberculosis(TB)treatment and patient management.Considering that inpatient service often results in high patient financial burden,and therefore influences patient adherence to treatment,it is critical to better understand the TB patient admission rate and TB inpatient service cost,as well as their influential factors in this new model.Methods:Quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted in two cities,Hanzhong in Shaanxi Province and Zhenjiang in Jiangsu Province,in China.Quantitative data were obtained from a sample survey of 533 TB patients and TB inpatient records from 2010–2012 in six county designated hospitals.Qualitative information was obtained through interviews with key stakeholders(40 key informant interviews,14 focus group discussions)and reviews of health policy documents in study areas.Both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were applied for the quantitative analysis,and the thematic framework approach was applied for the qualitative analysis.Results:The TB patient admission rates in Zhenjiang and Hanzhong were 54.8 and 55.9%,respectively.Qualitative analyses revealed that financial incentives,misunderstanding of infectious disease control and failure of health insurance regulations were the key factors associated with the admission rates and medical costs.Quantitative analyses found differences in hospitalization rate existed among patients with different health insurance and patients from different counties.Average medical costs for TB inpatients in Jurong and Zhenba were 7,215 CNY and 4,644 CNY,which was higher than the 5,500 CNY and 3,800 CNY limits set by the New Rural Cooperative Medical System.No differences in medical cost or length of stay were found between patients with and without comorbidities in county-level hospitals.Conclusions:TB patient admission rates and inpatient service costs were relatively high.Studies of related factors indicated that a package of interventions,including health education programs,reform of health insurance regulations and improvement of TB treatment guidelines,are urgently required to ensure that TB patients receive appropriate care.

The vacancy defects and oxygen atoms occupation effects on mechanical and electronic properties of Mo_(5)Si_(3) silicides

Improving brittle behavior and mechanical properties is still a big challenge for high-temperature structural materials.By means of first-principles calculations,in this paper,we systematically investigate the effect of vacancy and oxygen occupation on the elastic properties and brittle-or-ductile behavior on Mo_(5)Si_(3).Four vacancies(Si_(-Va1),Si_(-Va2),Mo_(-Va1),Mo_(-Va2))and oxygen occupation models(O_(Mo1),O_(Mo2),O_(-Si1),O_(-Si2))are selected for research.It is found that Mo_(-Va2) vacancy has the stronger structural stability in the ground state in comparison with other vacancies.Besides,the deformation resistance and hardness of the parent Mo_(5)Si_(3) are weakened due to the introduction of different vacancy defects and oxygen occupation.The ratio of B/G indicates that oxygen atoms occupation and vacancy defects result in brittle-to-ductile transition for Mo_(5)Si_(3).These vacancies and the oxygen atoms occupation change the localized hybridization between Mo-Si and Mo-Mo atoms.The weaker O-Mo bond is a contributing factor for the excellent ductile behavior in the O_(-Si2) model for Mo_(5)Si_(3).

Research and implementation of a universal workflow model to evaluate the soil fertility based on OGC Web Service

A method based on workflow technology and Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC)specification is proposed to establish a universal workflow conceptual model in the network environment.In this paper,the soil fertility evaluation conceptual model was developed as an evaluation method of soil fertility by analyzing the GIS-based fertility evaluation method and extracting the dynamic variable to verify the feasibility model.This validation process involves determining the instantiation of the conceptual model.The proposed conceptual model achieved the following goals.All data acquisition and processing functions were packaged into an OGC-compliant service model;these service models were organized into a processing chain in a certain order on the workflow platform by Petri-Net;the fertility evaluation was realized on the workflow platform by calling the processing chain.Results showed that processing functions and data can be shared in the network environment,and the network workflow model can be realized by the workflow technology.The successful implementation of fertility evaluation proved the feasibility of the network-based universal workflow conceptual model.In addition,the flexibility of our modeling method is demonstrated by reconstructing the workflow model.