SlMYB1 regulates the accumulation of lycopene, fruit shape, and resistance to Botrytis cinerea in tomato

Fruit lycopene,shape,and resistance are essential traits in vegetables whose final product is fruit,and they are also closely related to and strictly regulated by multiple transcription factors.Lycopene,which cannot be synthesized by the human body and can only be ingested from the outside,was important in maintaining human health.During fruit ripening and post-harvest,tomato plants face a variety of biotic or abiotic stresses,which might inf lict great damage to fruit quality due to its f lat shape and pointed tip during storage and transportation.Therefore,there is an urgent need for key molecular switches to simultaneously improve fruit lycopene and resistance to biotic stress during ripening.Here,we identified the MYB transcription factor SlMYB1 in tomato plants which could bind to the promoters of lycopene synthesis-related genes,SlLCY1,SlPSY2,and the pathogen-related gene SlPR5 directly,to regulate the fruit lycopene and resistance to Botrytis cinerea in tomato.In addition to regulating lycopene synthesis,SlMYB1 also regulates the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein and f lavonoid in tomato.What’s more,SlMYB1 could regulate the tomato fruit shape,making it smoother or f latter to prevent skin damage caused by vibration on fruits.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)further showed that SlMYB1 fruit-specific expression lines had multiple differentially expressed genes compared with those from wild-type plants,suggesting that SlMYB1 might have multiple roles in fruit nutritional quality control and resistance to stresses,which is a rare occurrence in previous studies.In summary,our results revealed that SlMYB1 was an essential multi-functional transcription factor that could regulate the lycopene and resistance to Botrytis cinerea,and change the shape of fruit in tomato plants.

Recognition of the inducible,secretory small protein OsSSP1 by the membrane receptor OsSSR1 and the co-receptor OsBAK1 confers rice resistance to the blast fungus

The plant apoplast,which serves as the frontline battleground for long-term host–pathogen interactions,harbors a wealth of disease resistance resources.However,the identification of the disease resistance proteins in the apoplast is relatively lacking.In this study,we identified and characterized the rice secretory protein OsSSP1(Oryza sativa secretory small protein 1).OsSSP1 can be secreted into the plant apoplast,and either in vitro treatment of recombinant OsSSP1 or overexpression of OsSSP1 in rice could trigger plant immune response.The expression of OsSSP1 is suppressed significantly during Magnaporthe oryzae infection in the susceptible rice variety Taibei 309,and OsSSP1-overexpressing lines all show strong resistance to M.oryzae.Combining the knockout and overexpression results,we found that OsSSP1 positively regulates plant immunity in response to fungal infection.Moreover,the recognition and immune response triggered by OsSSP1 depend on an uncharacterized transmembrane OsSSR1(secretory small protein receptor 1)and the key co-receptor OsBAK1,since most of the induced immune response and resistance are lost in the absence of OsSSR1 or OsBAK1.Intriguingly,the OsSSP1 protein is relatively stable and can still induce plant resistance after 1 week of storage in the open environment,and exogenous OsSSP1 treatment for a 2-week period did not affect rice yield.Collectively,our study reveals that OsSSP1 can be secreted into the apoplast and percepted by OsSSR1 and OsBAK1 during fungal infection,thereby triggering the immune response to enhance plant resistance to M.oryzae.These findings provide novel resources and potential strategies for crop breeding and disease control.

基于生成对抗网络的点云形状保结构补全

针对三维点云形状修复补全中难以保持形状精细结构信息的问题,借助于生成对抗网络框架,本文提出了一种自动修复补全三维点云形状的神经网络结构.该网络由生成器和判别器构成.神经网络的生成器采用编码器–解码器结构,以缺失的三维点云形状作为输入,首先通过输入变换和特征变换对齐输入点云数据的采样点位置与特征信息;然后借助权共享多层感知器对各采样点提取局部形状特征并利用最大池化层与多层感知器编码提取出采样点的特征码字;其次将采样点特征码字加上网格坐标数据,解码器使用2个连续的三层感知器折叠操作将网格数据转变成点云形状的缺失补全数据;最后将缺失补全数据与点云输入数据合并,得到完整的三维点云形状.神经网络的判别器则接收真实的完整点云形状数据和生成器生成的完整点云形状数据,并利用与生成器相同的编码器结构判别出点云形状数据的真假并反馈以不断优化生成器,最终使生成器生成足以"以假乱真"的点云形状数据样本.实验表明,针对形状缺失的稠密点云和稀疏点云数据,本文方法在修复补全形状缺失部分的同时能有效保持输入点云形状的精细结构信息.