Experimental design of paraffin/methylated melamine-formaldehyde microencapsulated composite phase change material and the application in battery thermal management system

In order to maintain the optimal operating temperature of the battery surface and meet the demand for thermal storage technology,battery thermal management system based on phase change materials has attracted increasing interest.In this work,a kind of core-shell structured microcapsule was synthesized by an in-situ polymerization,where paraffin was used as the core,while methanol was applied to mod-ify the melamine-formaldehyde shell to reduce toxicity and improve thermal stability.Moreover,three different types of heat conductive fillers with the same content of 10 wt.%,i.e.,nano-Al_(2)O_(3),nano-ZnO and carbon nanotubes were added,generating composites.The microcapsules were uniform,and were not affected by the thermal fillers,which were evenly dispersed around.The composite sample with carbon nanotubes(10 wt.%)showed the highest thermal conductivity of 0.50 W/(m K)and latent heat of 139.64 J/g.Furthermore,according to the leakage testing and battery charge/discharge experiments,compared with Al_(2)O_(3)and ZnO,the addition of carbon nanotubes remarkably enhances the heat storage ability as latent heat from 126.98 J/g for the prepared sample with Al_(2)O_(3)and 125.86 J/g for the one with ZnO,then to 139.64 J/g,as well as dissipation performance as a cooling effect by decreasing the sur-face temperature of battery from 2%to 12%of microcapsule,composite sample with carbon nanotubes presents a broad application prospect in battery thermal management system and energy storage field.

医疗行业的数字化转型:数字化对患者、医疗机构角色与行为的影响

数字化是提高医疗效率、改善医疗服务的驱动力和控制医疗成本的手段。一方面数字化可以提高不同系统间数据的流动性和透明度从而消除“信息孤岛”和医疗机构对数据的绝对权威,使得参与者更好利用和挖掘数据的价值,推动不同参与者间的交流与合作和新的商业协作模式,促进良性市场竞争和推动医疗事业发展;通过医疗信息标准和海量医疗案例数据库的建立,医疗行业的信息将变得更加透明,使得医疗行为、医疗成本和支付变得标准化,医疗机构在治疗方案和处方的选择上将更加谨慎和精细化。医疗行为、医疗成本和支付的标准化,可以有效降低医疗支出,防止医疗资源滥用和医疗欺诈。