Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1-Vimentin axis promoting the migration and invasion of HeLa cells

Background:Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1(CCAT1)is involved in transforming multiple cancers into malignant cancer types.Previous studies underlining the mechanisms of the functions of CCAT1 primarily focused on its decoy for miRNAs(micro RNAs).However,the regulatory mechanism of CCAT1-protein interaction associated with tumor metastasis is still largely unknown.The present study aimed to identify proteome-wide CCAT1 partners and explored the CCAT1-protein interaction mediated tumor metastasis.Methods:CCAT1-proteins complexes were purified and identified using RNA antisense purification coupled with the mass spectrometry(RAP-MS)method.The database for annotation,visualization,and integrated discovery and database for eukaryotic RNA binding proteins(EuRBPDB)websites were used to bioinformatic analyzing CCAT1 binding proteins.RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to validate CCAT1-Vimentin interaction.Transwell assay was used to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of HeLa cells.Results:RAP-MS method worked well by culturing cells with nucleoside analog 4-thiouridine,and cross-linking was performed using 365 nm wavelength ultraviolet.There were 631 proteins identified,out of which about 60%were RNA binding proteins recorded by the EuRBPDB database.Vimentin was one of the CCAT1 binding proteins and participated in the tumor metastasis pathway.Knocked down vimetin(VIM)and rescued the downregulation by overexpressing CCAT1 demonstrated that CCAT1 could enhance tumor migration and invasion abilities by stabilizing Vimentin protein.Conclusion:CCAT1 may bind with and stabilize Vimentin protein,thus enhancing cancer cell migration and invasion abilities.

Characterization of Compositionally Complex Hydrides in a Metastable Refractory High-Entropy Alloy

Here,we study the hydride formation in a metastable Ti-33Zr-22Hf-11Ta(at.%)refractory high entropy alloy(RHEA).Deviating to non-equiatomic compositions of RHEAs promotes the formation of transformation-induced plasticity where the body-centered cubic phase transforms to hexagonal close-packed(HCP)phase.It is found that the phase transformation capability assists the hydride formation due to the low solubility of hydrogen within the HCP phase.In this study,hydrogen is charged via electrochemical polishing and the corresponding phase transformation is activated in the metastable RHEAs.The newly formed HCP phase interacts with hydrogen to form a face-centered cubic hydride verified by electron energy loss spectroscopy.This work provides a primary exploration of the formation of compositionally complex metal hydrides in the metastable RHEAs,which are potential candidates for future hydrogen storage material design.

A review of security issues and solutions for precision health in Internet-of-Medical-Things systems

Precision medicine provides a holistic perspective of an individual's health,including genetic,environmental,and lifestyle aspects to realize individualized therapy.The development of the internet of things(IoT)devices,the widespread emergence of electronic medical records(EMR),and the rapid progress of cloud computing and artificial intelli-gence provide an opportunity to collect healthcare big data throughout the lifespan and analyze the disease risk at all stages of life.Thus,the focus of precision medicine is shift-ing from treatment toward prediction and prevention,i.e.,precision health.To this end,various types of data such as omics,imaging,EMR,continuous physiological monitoring,lifestyle,and environmental information,need to be collected,tracked,managed and shared.Thus,internet-of-medical things(IoMT)is crucial for assimilating the health systems,appli-cations,services,and devices that can improve the speed and accuracy of diagnosis and treatments along with real-time monitoring and modification of patient behavior as well as health status.However,security has emerged as a growing concern owing to the prolifera-tion of IoMT devices.The increasing interconnectivity of IoMT-enabled devices with health data reception,transmission,and processing significantly increases the number of potential vulnerabilities within a system.To address the security issues of precision health in IoMT systems,this study reviews the state-of-the-art techniques and schemes from the perspective of a hierarchical system architecture.We present an IoMT system model comprising three layers:the sensing layer,network layer,and cloud infrastructure layer.In particular,we dis-cuss the vulnerabilities and threats to security in each layer and review the existing security techniques and schemes corresponding to the system components along with their function-alities.Owing to the unique nature of biometric features in medical and health services,we highlight the biometrics-based technologies applied in IoMT systems,which contribute toward a considerable difference between the security solutions of existing IoT systems.Fur-thermore,we summarize the challenges and future research directions of IoMT systems to ensure an improved and more secure future of precision health.