In this study, only two of 12 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting yield and yield components were identified in a single year, indicating that individual QTLs are probably sensitive to the environment. A rice gro...In this study, only two of 12 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting yield and yield components were identified in a single year, indicating that individual QTLs are probably sensitive to the environment. A rice growth survey of “Cheongcheong” and “Nag dong” in a doubled haploid population in 2012 revealed that yield capacity was influenced by climate change. Analysis of yield and yield components indicated that five average traits are high in “Cheongcheong”. Frequency distribution tables indicated that panicles per plant (PPP), spike lets per panicle (SPP), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) were normally distributed. The strongest relationship was identified between SPP and seed set percentage (SSP) among phenotypic correlations related to yield and yield components found on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, 8 in 2012. SPP and SSP was a very relevant requisite about quantity. Analysis of QTL about quantity was total 9. In the present study, a doubled haploid population was used to analyze the epistatic effects on yield and yield components in rice. Although other epistatic QTLs were not included in any of the main-effect QTLs, they significantly influenced the traits. These results indicated that epistatic interaction plays an important role in controlling the expression of complex traits. Thus, the utilization of marker-assisted selection in rice breeding programs should take epistatic effects into consideration. Hence, the QTLs responsible for major effects are more suitable for marker-assisted selection programs to improve yield and related traits across different environments.展开更多
Characteristics of 2.5GHz tunable wavelength converter multi-channels in conventional band based on cross gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier are demonstrated.
Objective:SC-E3 is a polyherbal formula that contains five medicinal herbs used frequently in traditional herbal medicine.In our previous study,we demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of SC-E3.Th...Objective:SC-E3 is a polyherbal formula that contains five medicinal herbs used frequently in traditional herbal medicine.In our previous study,we demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of SC-E3.The present study examined the effects of SC-E3 in a mouse model of type-II collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods:In vivo,male DBA/1 J mice were immunized by intradermal injection of bovine type-II collagen and complete or incomplete Freund’s adjuvant,to induce arthritis.SC-E3 was orally administered daily for 23 days.In vitro,bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were treated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF)and receptor activator of nuclear factor-j B ligand(RANKL)in the absence or presence of SC-E3.Results:Administrations of SC-E3 were found to have anti-arthritic effects in the joints of CIA mice,as evidenced by reduced paw swelling,bone erosion and deformation,inflammatory cell infiltration,and inflammation in synovial membrane.SC-E3 also reduced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-a,interleukin-1 b,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.Furthermore,tartrateresistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast numbers in the joints were significantly lower in SC-E3-treated CIA mice than in CIA mice.In addition,the differentiations of BMMs to multinucleated osteoclasts induced by M-CSF and RANKL stimulation were dose-dependently reduced by SC-E3.Conclusion:These results suggest that SC-E3 possesses substantial anti-arthritic activity because it inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclastogenesis,and that SC-E3 has potential therapeutic use for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.展开更多
This study aims to understand equity issues of international students’learning in Korean higher education institutions by engaging with the issue of racism and identifies how international students in Korea reshape t...This study aims to understand equity issues of international students’learning in Korean higher education institutions by engaging with the issue of racism and identifies how international students in Korea reshape their learning trajectory and how we could provide equitable and quality education for international students.Espousing a qualitative case study design,six students from different background were interviewed to examine features of perceived institutional racism based on their learning experience in Korea.Major findings showed that internationalization has not been fulfilled in terms of engaging with international students although Korean government and higher education institutions have developed relevant policy to attract international students.This study indicates that Korean universities need to reconstruct their social,cultural,and institutional systems to embrace equity,diversity and inclusiveness to empower international students’capacity.展开更多
文摘In this study, only two of 12 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting yield and yield components were identified in a single year, indicating that individual QTLs are probably sensitive to the environment. A rice growth survey of “Cheongcheong” and “Nag dong” in a doubled haploid population in 2012 revealed that yield capacity was influenced by climate change. Analysis of yield and yield components indicated that five average traits are high in “Cheongcheong”. Frequency distribution tables indicated that panicles per plant (PPP), spike lets per panicle (SPP), and 1000-grain weight (TGW) were normally distributed. The strongest relationship was identified between SPP and seed set percentage (SSP) among phenotypic correlations related to yield and yield components found on chromosomes 2, 3, 6, 8 in 2012. SPP and SSP was a very relevant requisite about quantity. Analysis of QTL about quantity was total 9. In the present study, a doubled haploid population was used to analyze the epistatic effects on yield and yield components in rice. Although other epistatic QTLs were not included in any of the main-effect QTLs, they significantly influenced the traits. These results indicated that epistatic interaction plays an important role in controlling the expression of complex traits. Thus, the utilization of marker-assisted selection in rice breeding programs should take epistatic effects into consideration. Hence, the QTLs responsible for major effects are more suitable for marker-assisted selection programs to improve yield and related traits across different environments.
文摘Characteristics of 2.5GHz tunable wavelength converter multi-channels in conventional band based on cross gain modulation in a semiconductor optical amplifier are demonstrated.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government(No.2019R1F1A1062998)。
文摘Objective:SC-E3 is a polyherbal formula that contains five medicinal herbs used frequently in traditional herbal medicine.In our previous study,we demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of SC-E3.The present study examined the effects of SC-E3 in a mouse model of type-II collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods:In vivo,male DBA/1 J mice were immunized by intradermal injection of bovine type-II collagen and complete or incomplete Freund’s adjuvant,to induce arthritis.SC-E3 was orally administered daily for 23 days.In vitro,bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were treated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor(M-CSF)and receptor activator of nuclear factor-j B ligand(RANKL)in the absence or presence of SC-E3.Results:Administrations of SC-E3 were found to have anti-arthritic effects in the joints of CIA mice,as evidenced by reduced paw swelling,bone erosion and deformation,inflammatory cell infiltration,and inflammation in synovial membrane.SC-E3 also reduced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-a,interleukin-1 b,aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase.Furthermore,tartrateresistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclast numbers in the joints were significantly lower in SC-E3-treated CIA mice than in CIA mice.In addition,the differentiations of BMMs to multinucleated osteoclasts induced by M-CSF and RANKL stimulation were dose-dependently reduced by SC-E3.Conclusion:These results suggest that SC-E3 possesses substantial anti-arthritic activity because it inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines and osteoclastogenesis,and that SC-E3 has potential therapeutic use for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
文摘This study aims to understand equity issues of international students’learning in Korean higher education institutions by engaging with the issue of racism and identifies how international students in Korea reshape their learning trajectory and how we could provide equitable and quality education for international students.Espousing a qualitative case study design,six students from different background were interviewed to examine features of perceived institutional racism based on their learning experience in Korea.Major findings showed that internationalization has not been fulfilled in terms of engaging with international students although Korean government and higher education institutions have developed relevant policy to attract international students.This study indicates that Korean universities need to reconstruct their social,cultural,and institutional systems to embrace equity,diversity and inclusiveness to empower international students’capacity.
