Effectiveness of fecal DNA syndecan-2 methylation testing for detection of colorectal cancer in a high-risk Chinese population

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide.Syndecan-2 methylation(mSDC2)testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum samples.Cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide.mSDC2 testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum samples.AIM To validate the effectiveness of fecal DNA mSDC2 testing in the detection of CRC among a high-risk Chinese population to provide evidence-based data for the development of diagnostic and/or screening guidelines for CRC in China.METHODS A high-risk Chinese cohort consisting of 1130 individuals aged 40-79 years was selected for evaluation via fecal mSDC2 testing.Sensitivity and specificity for CRC,advanced adenoma(AA)and advanced colorectal neoplasia(ACN)were determined.High-risk factors for the incidence of colorectal lesions were determined and a logistic regression model was constructed to reflect the efficacy of the test.RESULTS A total of 1035 high-risk individuals were included in this study according to established criteria.Among them,16 suffered from CRC(1.55%),65 from AA(6.28%)and 189 from non-AAs(18.26%);150 patients were diagnosed with polyps(14.49%).Diagnoses were established based upon colonoscopic and pathological examinations.Sensitivities of the mSDC2 test for CRC and AA were 87.50%and 40.00%,respectively;specificities were 95.61%for other groups.Positive predictive values of the mSDC2 test for CRC,AA and ACN were 16.09%,29.89%and 45.98%,respectively;the negative predictive value for CRC was 99.79%.After adjusting for other high-risk covariates,mSDC2 test positivity was found to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of ACN(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that offering fecal mSDC2 testing and colonoscopy in combination for CRC screening is effective for earlier detection of malignant colorectal lesions in a high-risk Chinese population.

Characteristics of PVT1 and Its Roles in Diseases

With the development of genome-wide sequencing technology, 195 types of functional, long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNAs) have been identified so far, and their cellular roles are gradually being revealed. Lnc RNAs have now become a hotspot in the field of life sciences. These small molecules exist in almost all higher eukaryotes and play very important regulatory roles in these organisms. This review briefly summarizes the recent progress in research on plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene(PVT1), an lnc RNA.

Function of microRNA-346 and its Roles in Human Diseases

MICRORNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-22 nucleotldes),non-coding RNA molecules involved in the regulation of mRNAs by pairing with their 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) and affecting their stability or directing their silencing or degradation.1 miRNAs are likely to play roles in most cellular processes,including proliferation,development,differentiation,and apoptosis.2 People have made progress in the research of miRNA field,but the study about microRNA-346 (miR-346) is very little.This study used biological software to analyze the biological characters of miR-346,and further reviewed the function of miR-346 and its roles in human diseases.

Characteristics of Antisense Non-coding RNA in the INK4 Locus and Its Roles in Disease

Abstract With the development of genome-wide sequencing technology, 195 types of functional long non-coding RNAs （lncRNAs） have so far been found, and their cellular roles are gradually being revealed. Now lncRNAs have become a hotspot in the life science. These small molecules exist in almost all higher eukaryotes, and have very important regulatory roles in these organisms. This review briefly summarizes recent progress in researches on antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus.

Establishment of allergic rhinitis model in mice induced by modified OVA and aluminum adjuvant

Objective:In order to further study allergic rhinitis,the feasibility of the improved method of establishing mouse allergic rhinitis model by OVA combined with aluminum adjuvant was explored.Methods:16 BALB/c mice(SPF grade)were randomly divided into the control group and the OVA model group.In the OVA model group,mice were given intraperitoneal injection of OVA solution for sensitization(100μg/ml)at weeks 1,2,and 3,and each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml.On the 22nd to 28th days,the mice were given an OVA solution(100 mg/ml)for nasal stimulation,10μl per mouse,and 5μl per nostril for 7 consecutive days.The general behavior,body weight,and survival rate of the mice were observed on days 22-28,respectively.After 15 minutes of challenge on days 25 and 28,the number of sneezing and sniffing within 15 minutes was recorded.On day 29,spleen and thymus indexes of mice were evaluated,and blood was collected from the orbit to isolate serum,the IgE level was measured,and the histological changes of the nasal mucosa of the mice were observed.Results:OVA can cause significant weight loss in mice,and the weight of mice in the OVA model group is significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).On the 25th and 28th days,the number of sneezes in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(19.27±4.89)vs(4.45±1.25);(19.78±4.92)vs(4.52±1.28);P<0.05].The number of nasal scratching in the OVA model group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(23.14±7.17)vs(13.52±7.64);(23.75±7.35)vs(13.60±7.71);P<0.05].The spleen index of the OVA model group was significantly higher than that of the control group[(8.64±1.49)mg/g vs(4.04±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05],and the thymus index of the OVA model group was significantly lower than that of the control group[(0.75±0.54)mg/g vs(1.87±0.65)mg/g,P<0.05].The IgE level of the OVA model group were significantly higher than that of the control group[(932.86±352.34)μg/ml vs(99.82±0.97)μg/ml,P<0.05].The nasal mucosal tissue lesions in the model group were obvious.Conclusion:In this experiment,a modified OVA-aluminum adjuvant was used to successfully establish the mice model of allergic rhinitis.