Mortality and years of life lost of colorectal cancer in China,2005–2020:findings from the national mortality surveillance system

Background:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the fourth cause of cancer death in China.We aimed to provide national and subnational estimates and changes of CRC premature mortality burden during 2005–2020.Methods:Data from multi-source on the basis of the national surveillance mortality system were used to estimate mortality and years of life lost(YLL)of CRC in the Chinese population during 2005–2020.Estimates were generated and compared for 31 provincial-level administrative divisions in China.Results:Estimated CRC deaths increased from 111.41 thousand in 2005 to 178.02 thousand in 2020;age-standardized mortality rate decreased from 10.01 per 100,000 in 2005 to 9.68 per 100,000 in 2020.Substantial reduction in CRC premature mortality burden,as measured by age-standardized YLL rate,was observed with a reduction of 10.20%nationwide.Marked differences were observed in the geographical patterns of provincial units,and they appeared to be obvious in areas with higher economic development.Population aging was the dominant driver which contributed to the increase in CRC deaths,followed by population growth and age-specific mortality change.Conclusions:Substantial discrepancies were observed in the premature mortality burden of CRC across China.Targeted considerations were needed to promote a healthy lifestyle,expand cost-effective CRC early screening and diagnosis,and improve medical treatment to reduce CRC mortality among high-risk populations and regions with inadequate healthcare resources.

Asthma mortality among children and adolescents in China,2008–2018

Background Asthma mortality among children and adolescents at the national level in China was unreported.The aim of this study was to analyze the mortality of asthma among children and adolescents in China using a nationally representative database.Methods This was a descriptive study using data from the Disease Surveillance Points(DSPs)system.All asthma‐related deaths among children and adolescents aged 0–19 years occurring in DSPs across China from 2008 to 2018 were included.Multilevel Poisson regression models were used to compute the total,age-,gender-,region-and residence-specific asthma mortality rates and to investigate the significance of trends and factors associated with asthma mortality.Data from the National Bureau of Statistics were used to estimate the national asthma deaths.Results Total asthma mortality rate among Chinese children and adolescents fluctuated between 0.020(0.009,0.045)and 0.059(0.025,0.137)per 100,000 and showed an overall downward trend(RR,0.909;95%CI 0.854–0.968)during the study period(2008–2018).Asthma mortality rate was higher in the western China(RR 2.356,95%CI 1.513,3.669)and varied over a ninefold range among DSPs in China.The estimated number of deaths decreased by 51.38%from 2008(n=148;95%CI 58,379)to 2018(n=71;95%CI 34,109).Conclusions Asthma mortality rate among children and adolescents in China was at a low level compared to rates worldwide and decreased significantly from 2008 to 2018.Compared with most countries in the world,the number of asthma deaths was higher in China.