ADSORPTION OF LATERALLY INTERACTING 1-NAPHTHOL/1-NAPHTHYL-AMINE MIXTURES ON NONPOLAR SURFACES FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

The binary adsorption behavior of 1-naphthol/1-naphthylamine mixtures in water on nonpolar adsorbent Amberlite XAD4 was investigated at 293 K, 303 K and 313 K, respectively. The experimental uptakes of 1-naphthol and 1-naphthylamine in all binary-component systems of different molar ratios were obviously higher than the corresponding uptakes predicted by the extended Langmuir model, assuming no interaction between the adsorbed molecules of the two components. This phenomenon was attributed to the cooperative adsorption effect arising from the hydrogen bonding interaction between 1-naphthol and 1-naphthylamine molecules. A modified extended Langmuir model was proposed to describe the binary adsorption behavior by means of introducing a fitting parameter related with the cooperative adsorption effect of the adsorbates.

EFFECT OF WEAK INTERACTIONS ON PHENOL ADSORPTION FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY AMINATED POLYMERIC ADSORBENTS

Adsorption behaviors of phenol from aqueous solutions have been investigated in batch systems at 303 K and 318 K respectively, using hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent （CHA111）, aminated hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents （NDA101, NDA103, NDA105） and weakly basic polymeric adsorbent （D301） with a view to studying the effect of hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals interactions between adsorbate and the adsorbent. All adsorption isotherms can be well fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich equations. Compared with D301 driven by hydrogen bonding interaction only and CHA111 driven by Van der Waals interaction only, phenol adsorption on aminated adsorbents driven by both hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals interactions were apparently different, i.e., negative effect for NDA105, positive effect for NDA101 and synergistic effect for NDA103. In this synergistic action, some weak interactions would contribute more or less to the adsorption than they work individually.

BINARY COMPETITIVE AND COOPERATIVE ADSORPTION OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS ON POLYMERIC RESINS

The adsorption behaviors of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline on a conventional macroporous resin Amberlite XAD4 and the other two newly-developed hypercrosslinked resins NDA101 and NDAI00 were investigated in a single or binary batch system at 293 K and 313 K, respectively. All the adsorption isotherms of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline on the test resins in both systems can fit well with the Langmuir equation, indicating that the adsorption is a favorable process. At the identical equilibrium concentration, the amount of aniline adsorbed on polymeric resins in the single system is higher than that in the binary system because of the competitive adsorption between 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline on the resin surface. However, the uptake amount of 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid in the binary system is markedly larger than that in the single system, which is presumably due to the cooperative effect arisen from the electrostatic interaction between 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid and aniline adsorbed on the resin surface. The simultaneous adsorption system was proven to be helpful for the selective adsorption toward 2-naphthalenesulfonic acid due to its larger selective index.

Complete genome sequence of a Rodent Torque teno virus in Hainan Island, China and establishment of a real-time PCR for detecting Rodent Torque teno virus 3

Objective:To perform whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the local endemic strain of Rodent Torque teno virus (RoTTV), RoTTV3-HMU1, found in Rattus norvegicus, Haikou City, Hainan Province, and establish a SYBR Green I based real-time PCR detection assay for RoTTV3.Methods: Based on the high-throughput genome sequencing analysis, specific primers were designed and the whole genome sequence was amplified by PCR and Sanger sequencing. Specific detection primers were designed based on the conserved sequences of RoTTV3. The recombinant plasmid contained the whole genome of RoTTV3-HMU1 was constructed as a standard control. The experimental conditions were optimized and the real-time PCR detection assay of RoTTV3 was established.Results: The genomic sequence of RoTTV carried by Rattus norvegicus in Haikou City was successfully sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the virus belongs to the RoTTV3 genotype. In this experiment, the real-time PCR detection method of RoTTV3 was established. The standard curve generated had a wide dynamic range from 1×(102-108) copies/μL, with a linear correlation (R2=1.000). The melting curve analysis using SYBR Green showed only one specific melting peak and no primer-dimmers represented. The detection limit was 100 copies/reaction.Discussion: This study was the first report of the RoTTV in Hainan Islands, and its phylogenetic analysis was of great significance to the origin and evolution of RoTTV. The RoTTV3 real-time PCR detection method established in this experiment has a high sensitivity and good specificity, which lays a technical foundation for the epidemiological investigation of RoTTV3.

原子力显微镜在高分子表征中的应用

原子力显微镜(AFM)是一种在纳米尺度表征材料表面形貌结构、性能和演变的有效工具,在高分子科学领域具有广泛应用.AFM不仅可以表征高分子从单分子链到聚集态结构的形貌与性能,也能够原位研究外场作用下高分子结晶与熔融、嵌段高分子自组装和共混高分子相分离等过程,进一步采用基于扫描探针刻蚀技术的机械刻蚀、电致刻蚀和热致刻蚀等还可以构筑高分子功能化微图案.这里首先简述AFM的工作原理及常用成像模式,进一步介绍AFM在高分子表征中的样品制备、扫描参数优化和图像数据处理的一些要点.最后结合国内外相关研究进展,简单综述了AFM在高分子聚集态结构形貌与相转变表征、高分子纳米尺度性能表征和高分子纳米加工3个方面的典型应用.

基于Ugi多组分反应的赖氨酸与糠醛的直接聚合

报道了基于Ugi多组分反应的Nα-叔丁氧羰基-L-赖氨酸、糠醛与叔丁基异腈的聚合.聚合条件温和,无需使用催化剂,且所得聚合物的相对数均分子量Mn最高可达10.0 kg/mol.特别是,聚合在水中也可顺利进行,可以避免有毒溶剂的使用,符合绿色化学发展理念.核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(13C-NMR)及基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)的结果证实所得聚合物具有类肽的结构.在此基础上,推测Nα-叔丁氧羰基-L-赖氨酸、糠醛与叔丁基异腈的聚合符合Ugi反应的一般机理,即糠醛首先与氨基缩合形成亚胺,再经过两次的亲核加成、Mumm重排以及酰基转移反应,最终形成具有类肽结构的聚合物.DSC测试结果表明聚合物玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为116°C,无明显熔点.所获得的聚合物在生物降解材料及生物医用材料等领域具有潜在的应用价值,这为赖氨酸和糠醛的直接聚合以及可再生资源的高附加值利用开辟了一条新路径.

Real-time toxicity prediction of Aconitum stewing system using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Due to numerous obstacles such as complex matrices,real-time monitoring of complex reaction systems(e.g.,medicinal herb stewing system)has always been a challenge though great values for safe and rational use of drugs.Herein,facilitated by the potential ability on the tolerance of complex matrices of extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,a device was established to realize continuous sampling and real-time quantitative analysis of herb stewing system for the first time.A complete analytical strategy,including data acquisition,data mining,and data evaluation was proposed and implemented with overcoming the usual difficulties in real-time mass spectrometry quantification.The complex Fuzi(the lateral root of Aconitum)-meat stewing systems were real-timely monitored in150 min by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the nine key alkaloids accurately.The results showed that the strategy worked perfectly and the toxicity of the systems were evaluated and predicated accordingly.Stewing with trotters effectively accelerated the detoxification of Fuzi soup and reduced the overall toxicity to 68%,which was recommended to be used practically for treating rheumatic arthritis and enhancing immunity.The established strategy was versatile,simple,and accurate,which would have a wide application prospect in real-time analysis and evaluation of various complex reaction systems.

Limitation standard of toxic aconitines in Aconitum proprietary Chinese medicines using on-line extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Development of rapid analytical methods and establishment of toxic component limitation standards are of great importance in quality control of traditional Chinese medicine. Herein, an online extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(oEESI-MS) coupled with a novel whole process integral quantification strategy was developed and applied to direct determination of nine key aconitine-type alkaloids in 20 Aconitum proprietary Chinese medicines(APCMs). Multi-type dosage forms(e.g., tablets, capsules, pills, granules, and liquid preparation) of APCM could be determined directly with excellent versatility. The strategy has the characteristics of high throughput, good tolerance of matrix interference, small amount of sample(~0.5 mg) and reagent(~240 μL) consumption, and short analysis time for single sample(<15 min). The results were proved to be credible by high performance liquid chromatographyàmass spectrometry(LC-MS) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, respectively. Moreover, the limitation standard for the toxic aconitines in 20 APCMs was established based on the holistic weight toxicity(HWT) evaluation and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia severally, and turned out that HWT-based toxicity evaluation results were closer to the real clinical applications. Hence,a more accurate and reliable APCM toxicity limitation was established and expected to play an important guiding role in clinics. The current study extended the power of ambient MS as a method for the direct quantification of molecules in complex samples, which is commonly required in pharmaceutical analysis,food safety control, public security, and many other disciplines.

Correlations between alterations of T-helper 17 cells and treatment efficacy after concurrent radiochemotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IIB-IIIB): a 3-year prospective study

Background::Recently,T-helper 17(Th17)cells have been proved to play an important role in promoting cervical cancer.But,till now,few study has been carried out to understand the involvement of these cells in efficacy of anti-tumor treatments.This study aimed to investigate the alterations in the percentage of circulating Th17 cells and related cytokines in locally advanced cervical cancer(LACC)patients before and after concurrent chemoradiotherapy(cCRT)and to analyze the correlations between the alterations in Th17 cells and treatment efficacy.Methods::A prospective study with 49 LACC(International federation of gynecology and obstetrics[FIGO]stage IIB-IIIB)patients and 23 controls was conducted.Patients received the same cCRT schedule and were followed up for 3 years.Circulating Th17 cells(CD3+CD8-interleukin[IL]-17+T cells)and related cytokines IL-17,transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),IL-10,IL-23,IL-6,and IL-22 were detected before and after cCRT.Correlations between alterations of circulating Th17 cells and treatment efficacy were analyzed.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS).Results::We found that 40 patients finished the entire cCRT schedule and met the endpoint of this study.The percentage of circulating Th17 cells in the LACC patients was higher than that in the controls,and it significantly decreased after cCRT(P<0.05).After cCRT,patients were divided into two groups based on the average of the Th17 cells declined.The subgroup of patients with a prominent decrease in circulating Th17 cells after cCRT had a higher treatment efficacy and longer PFS and OS times.Compared with the control patients,LACC patients had higher IL-6,IL-10,IL-22,TGF-βlevels and a lower IL-23 level(P<0.05).After cCRT,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17,IL-23 level significantly increased and TGF-βlevel significantly decreased compared with the levels before cCRT(P<0.05).Conclusion::Circulating Th17 cells in the LACC patients(FIGO stage IIB-IIIB)were higher than those in the controls,but they generally decreased after cCRT.A more pronounced decrease in circulating Th17 cells after cCRT was correlated with better therapeutic effect and longer PFS and OS times.