超声乳化联合IOL植入治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效和安全性

目的:系统性评价超声乳化联合人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入与小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效和安全性,为进一步探讨闭角型青光眼合并白内障的治疗方案提供更全面可靠的证据。方法:计算机检索自建库以来中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方全文数据库(WanFang)、中国科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane library,收集超声乳化联合IOL植入与小梁切除术治疗闭角型青光眼伴白内障的随机对照试验,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估标准对纳入文献进行评估,采用Review Manager 5.3软件进行数据处理。结果:共纳入9篇文献,均为中文随机对照试验。Meta分析显示试验组(超声乳化联合IOL植入治疗)的术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Z=4.32,P<0.0001);两组患者术后1wk,1、3mo眼压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:两种手术方法均能使术后眼压降至正常,但超声乳化联合IOL植入的并发症发生率较低,安全性优于小梁切除术。

Association of overexpression of TIF1γ with colorectal carcinogenesis and advanced colorectal adenocarcinoma

AIM:To determine the expression and clinical significance of transcriptional intermediary factor 1 gamma (TIF1γ),Smad4 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβR) across a spectrum representing colorectal cancer (CRC) development.METHODS:Tissue microarrays were prepared from archival paraffin embedded tissue,including 51 colorectal carcinomas,25 tubular adenomas (TA) and 26 HPs,each with matched normal colonic epithelium.Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies against TIF1γ,Smad4 and TGFβ RⅡ.The levels of expression were scored semi-quantitatively (score 0-3 or loss and retention for Smad4).RESULTS:Overexpression of TIF1γ was detected in 5/26 (19%) HP;however,it was seen in a significantly higher proportion of neoplasms,15/25 (60%) TAs and 24/51 (47%) CRCs (P<0.05).Normal colonic mucosa,HP,and TAs showed strong Smad4 expression,while its expression was absent in 22/51 (43%) CRCs.Over-expression of TGFβ RⅡ was more commonly seen in neoplasms,13/25 (52%) TAs and 29/51 (57%) CRCs compared to 9/26 (35%) HP (P<0.05).Furthermore,there was a correlation between TIF1γ overexpression and Smad4 loss in CRC (Kendall tau rank correlation value=0.35,P<0.05).The levels of TIF1γ overexpression were significantly higher in stage Ⅲ than in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ CRC (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that over-expression of TIF1γ occurs in early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis,is inversely related with Smad4 loss,and may be a prognostic indicator for poor outcome.

Cloning the Dmrt1 and DmrtA2 genes of ayu(Plecoglossus altivelis) and mapping their expression in adult,larval,and embryonic stages

The Dmrt family of genes are involved in sex differentiation in different species of invertebrates, and some vertebrates including human. In this study, we cloned the full-length eDNA of ayu （Plecoglossus altivelis） Draft1 and DmrtA2. Sequence and phylogenetic tree analyses showed ayu Dmrtl showed highest similarity to that of Oncorhynchus mykiss while ayu DmrtA2 is most similar to that of Oryzias latipes. Fluorescence-based quantitative reverse transcription PCR （qRT-PCR） revealed the Draft1 was predominantly expressed in the testis. At the larval stages, Dmrtl mRNA expression level was highest during 52-64 days post hatching （dph） and at the gastrula stage during embryonic development. DmrtA2, meanwhile, was specifically expressed in the ovary and was highly expressed in the female brain tissue, but not male brain tissue. During the larval stages, DmrtA2 expression remained high before day 34, and then fluctuated while generally decreasing. During embryonic development, DmrtA2 expression increased gradually and peaked at the hatching stage. Our data suggest that ayu Dmrtl might participate in the differentiation and maintenance of testis while DmrtA2 may play a role in ovary-differentiation and mature-ovary maintenance. DmrtA2 might also participate in brain development.

汉麻和槿麻湿整理后的理化性能

研究了槿麻和汉麻两种纤维的物理化学性能。进行湿整理的方法有:碱处理、双氧水漂白及其两者的组合。在处理前后,测定木质素和半纤维素的成分、束纤维的强力、伸长率及回潮率。用气相色谱仪对木质素的成分加以探讨;用分析法确定半纤维素的成分。经弱碱及双氧水处理后,两者都能从纤维上袪除部分木质素和半纤维素。经过处理的及未经处理的槿麻,其所含的木质素和半纤维素均分别高于经过处理的及未经处理的汉麻。漂白处理会破坏纤维的某些内部结构,致使纤维的强力和伸长率减小。与之相反的是:碱处理纯清了原纤维结构,而且未见对纤维束强度产生显著影响。

Effect of different deformation and annealing procedures on non-magnetic textured Cu_(60)Ni_(40) alloy substrates

In this work,a series of specimens was prepared by the casting method.Sharp cube-textured substrates were processed by heavy cold rolling and recrystallization annealing(i.e.,the rolling-assisted biaxially textured substrates(RABi TS) method).Both the rolling and the recrystallization texture in the alloy tapes were investigated by X-ray diffraction and electron back-scatter diffraction,respectively.The results showed that a strong copper-type deformation texture was obtained in the heavy cold-rolled substrate.In addition,the recrystallization annealing process was found to be very important for the texture transition in the Cu–Ni alloy substrates.The cube texture content in the Cu60 Ni40 alloy substrates reached 99.7%(≤10°) after optimization of the cold-rolling procedure and the recrystallizing heat-treatment process,whereas the content of low-angle grain boundaries(from 2° to 10° misorientation) in the substrate reached 95.1%.

γ-Ray radiolysis of acetohydroxamic acid in HNO_3 and its radiolytic product

Acetohydroxamic acid(AHA) is a novel saltfree reagent used for the separation of Pu and Np from U in the advanced Purex process. This paper reports the c-ray damage of AHA in HNO_3 and its radiolytic product. For 0.2 mol L^(-1) AHA in 0.2–2.0 mol L^(-1) HNO_3 irradiated at a dose of 5–25 kGy, the radiolytic rate of AHA is6.63–77.5%, and it increases with the HNO_3 concentration and absorbed dose. The main radiolytic gases are N_2O and H_2, with volume fractions of(0.500–16.2) 9 10^(-2) and(1.30–11.8) 9 10^(-3), respectively, and they increase with the absorbed dose; the H_2 volume fraction decreases with increasing HNO_3 concentration. The main liquid radiolytic products are CH_3 COOH and HNO_2, and their concentrations are(3.40–19.7) 9 10^(-2) and(0.200–4.80) 9 10^(-3)-mol L^(-1), respectively, which increase with the HNO_3 concentration. Since a significant concentration of HNO_2 is present in the irradiated AHA-HNO_3 solution, a holding reductant must be used to destroy HNO_2 and stabilize Pu(Ⅲ) and Np(Ⅴ) when AHA is applied for the separation of Pu and Np from U.

Effect of Guizhi Fuling capsule and its extracts on human breast cancer cells proliferation

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of Guizhi Fuling Capsule active pharmaceutical ingredient(API)and its fractions on human breast cancer cells proliferation by high-throughput screening assay.METHODS The crude fractions were obtained from the extraction and elution of the API of Guizhi Fuling Capsule,and 929 standard fractions were obtained by the optimal separation conditions.Sulforhodamine B(SRB)method was used to evaluate the effects of the Guizhi Fuling capsule API and929 kinds of fractions on the proliferation of human breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231.RESULTS The Guizhi Fuling capsule API had a strong ability to inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells at high concentration and the ability to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cells' proliferate at low concentration following 72 h treatment;some samples of 929 fractions(5μg·mL^(-1))was found to have a breast cancer cell growth inhibition rate above 50%,without toxicity on HUVECs proliferation.CONCLUSION The API of Guizhi Fuling capsule had significant cytotoxicity effects on these two human breast cancer cells,with significant concentration-and time-dependent manner.

Withaferin A exerts anti-tumor effects in glioblastoma cells by arresting cell cycle at G_2/M phase

Glioblastoma(GBM) is the most common,malignant,and lethal primary brain tumor in adults.Up to now,there is no effective drug for GBM.Withaferin A(WFA) is mainly derived from Indian Winter cherry.It has been traditionally used in ayurvedic medicine.WFA has wide range of pharmaco.logical activities including cardioprotective,anti-inflammatory,immuno-modulatory properties.Recently,WFA was reported to inhibit the growth of many cancer cells;however,the precise molecular mecha.nisms of its anti-cancer activities in GBM remain unclear.Here,we found that treatment of WFA in U251 and U87-MG glioma cells inhibited the cell proliferation,released the cellular LDH,decreased the DNA synthesis,and inhibited the migration,invasion,and colony formation of cells.WFA also in.creased the apoptotic rate of cells,decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential,arrested cell cy.cle at G_2/M,inhibited the activity of caspase 3/7,and increased the protein expression of cleaved-cas.pase 3,cleaved PARP in U251 and U87-MG cells.In addition,cell apoptosis induced by WFA was as.sociated with increasing level of Bim,Bad,P21,P53 and decreasing the level of p-CDK1,cyclin A and B.It was also shown that cell apoptosis induced by WFA was associated with P38 signal pathway.These results demonstrated that WFA induced mitochondrial dependent apoptosis in glioblastoma cells which was associated with arresting the cell cycle at G_2/M phase by P38 pathway.Taken together,our findings suggest that WFA might be a promising chemotherapy drug in the treatment of GBM.

Ferromagnetism in Layered Metallic Fei/4TaS2 in the Presence of Conventional and Dirac Carriers

We present the microscopic origin of the ferromagnetism of Feo.25TaS2 and its finite-temperature magnetic properties.The band structures of Feo.25TaS2 are first obtained by the first-principles calculations and it is found that both conventional and Dirac carriers coexist in metallic Feo.25TaS2-Accordingly,considering the spin-orbit coupling of Fe 3d ion,we derive an effective Ruderman-Kittle-Kasuya-Yosida-type Hamiltonian between Fe spins in the presence of both the conventional parabolic-dispersion and the Dirac linear-dispersion carriers,which contains a Heisenberg-like,an Ising-like and an XY-like term.In addition,we obtain the ferromagnetic Curie temperature Tc by using the cluster self-consistent Held method.Our results could address not only the high ferromagnetic Curie temperature but also the large magnetic anisotropy in Fex TaS2.

Slow Phase Transition-Induced Scan Rate Dependence of Spin Crossover in a Two-Dimensional Supramolecular Fe(III)Complex

Spin crossover(SCO)is commonly accompanied by a synchronous phase transition.A few phase transitioncoupled SCO compounds have been reported,yet the synergy between SCO and phase transition on different time scales has not been explored.Herein,we report an[Fe(H-5-Cl-thsa-Et)(5-Cl-thsa-Et)]·H2O(1·H2O;H2-5-Cl-thsa-Et=5-chloro-salicylaldehyde ethylthiosemicarbazone)Fe(III)complex that displays a two-dimensional supramolecular structure and SCO behavior above room temperature.Its dehydrated form1 exhibits a two-step spin transition with aplateau in the temperature-dependent magnetization(M−T)curve at room temperature and a 51 K thermal hysteresis loop(Tc↑↓=299/248 K)at a rate of 5 K/min.The improved SCOperformance in 1 could be attributed to the stronger intralayer but weaker interlayer interactions,which is supported by single-crystal structural analysis and density functional theory calculations.Remarkably,complex 1 displays an unusual scan rate-dependent SCO behavior at rates of 0.5−30 K/min,in whichM−T curveplateaus appear at lower scan rates(<10 K/min)but vanish at faster scan rates(≥10 K/min).Scan rate-dependent differential scanning calorimetry,powder X-ray diffractometry,timedependent magnetic moment decays,and infrared spectroscopy consistently reveal that the slow structural relaxation is coupled with a slowcrystallographic phase transition,which is the mechanism for the unusual scan rate-dependent SCO.

Patient-specific three-dimensional printed heart models benefit preoperative planning for complex congenital heart disease

Background Preoperative planning for children with congenital heart diseases remains crucial and challenging.This study aimed to investigate the roles of three-dimensional printed patient-specific heart models in the presurgical planning for complex congenital heart disease.Methods From May 2017 to January 2018,15 children diagnosed with complex congenital heart disease were included in this study.Heart models were printed based on computed tomography (CT) imaging reconstruction by a 3D printer with photosensitive resin using the stereolithography apparatus technology.Surgery options were first evaluated by a sophisticated cardiac surgery group using CT images only,and then surgical plans were also set up based on heart models.Results Fifteen 3D printed heart models were successfully generated.According to the decisions based on CT,13 cases were consistent with real options,while the other 2 were not.According to 3D printed heart models,all the 15 cases were consistent with real options.Unfortunately,one child diagnosed with complete transposition of great arteries combined with interruption of aortic arch (type A) died 5 days after operation due to postoperative low cardiac output syndrome.The cardiologists,especially the younger ones,considered that these 3D printed heart models with tangible,physical and comprehensive illustrations were beneficial for preoperative planning of complex congenital heart diseases.Conclusion 3D printed heart models are beneficial and promising in preoperative planning for complex congenital heart diseases,and are able to help conform or even improve the surgery options.

Orientation gradient on surface of non-oriented electrical steel annealed by γ → α transformation

The microstructures and textures of the non-oriented electrical steel sheets under various annealing conditions were investigated.The orientation gradient in the interior of grains appeared on the surface of steel sheets after α→γ→α transformation in various atmospheres.The orientation gradient that appeared on the surface was inherited into the center of the steel sheet in H2 atmosphere,while that appeared only in the grains of the surface layer during γ→α transformation with N2 atmosphere.The thin oxide scale was generated in various atmospheres containing traces of O2 and H2O.The formation mechanism of orientation gradient is related to the thermal stress caused by the difference of thermal expansion coefficients between the oxide scale and the thin ferrite on the surface.The combined effect of phase transformation stress and thermal stress caused the plastic deformation of the thin ferrite grains on the surface in the initial stage of γ→α transformation,and then the orientations of the thin ferrite grains gradually rotated and caused the orientation gradient in the interior of grains.