Effects of temporal variability on HBV model calibration

This study aimed to investigate the effects of temporal variability on the optimization of the Hydrologiska ByrS.ns Vattenbalansavedlning （HBV） model, as well as the calibration performance using manual optimization and average parameter values. By applying the HBV model to the Jiangwan Catchment, whose geological features include lots of cracks and gaps, simulations under various schemes were developed： short, medium-length, and long temporal calibrations. The results show that, with long temporal calibration, the objective function values of the Nash- Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient （NSE）, relative error （RE）, root mean square error （RMSE）, and high flow ratio generally deliver a preferable simulation. Although NSE and RMSE are relatively stable with different temporal scales, significant improvements to RE and the high flow ratio are seen with longer temporal calibration. It is also noted that use of average parameter values does not lead to better simulation results compared with manual optimization. With medium-length temporal calibration, manual optimization delivers the best simulation results, with NSE, RE, RMSE, and the high flow ratio being 0.563 6, 0.122 3, 0.978 8, and 0.854 7, respectively; and calibration using average parameter values delivers NSE, RE, RMSE, and the high flow ratio of 0.481 1, 0.467 6, 1.021 0, and 2.784 0, respectively. Similar behavior is found with long temporal calibration, when NSE, RE, RMSE, and the high flow ratio using manual optimization are 0.525 3, -0.069 2, 1.058 0, and 0.980 0, respectively, as compared with 0.490 3, 0.224 8, 1.096 2, and 0.547 9, respectively, using average parameter values. This study shows that selection of longer periods of temooral calibration in hvdrolouical analysis delivers better simulation in general for water balance analysis.

Recent development of three-dimension printed graphene oxide and MXene-based energy storage devices

The research for three-dimension(3D)printing carbon and carbide energy storage devices has attracted widespread exploration interests.Being designable in structure and materials,graphene oxide(GO)and MXene accompanied with a direct ink writing exhibit a promising prospect for constructing high areal and volume energy density devices.This review not only summarizes the recent advances in 3D printing energy storage devices including printing methods,ink rheological properties,and different energy storage systems,but also discusses the printing methods related to energy storage.In addition,the binder or additive free of two-dimensional carbide materials is quite important for the present electrochemical energy storage devices,which also are presented.

干热养护对活性粉末混凝土力学及收缩影响研究（英文）

目的:高温干热养护工艺对活性粉末混凝土的力学强度及收缩性能有重要影响。本文针对不同的高温养护温度和时间分析活性粉末混凝土材料的抗压强度、抗折强度、收缩和微观结构,探索高温干热养护环境提升活性粉末混凝土材料力学性能的机理,并讨论外部环境湿度对材料收缩变形的影响。创新点:1.通过调整不同养护工艺参数,大幅度提升活性粉末混凝土的早期强度;2.建立试验模型,成功模拟适应性冲压工艺过程。方法:1.通过实验分析,研究不同养护温度和养护时间对活性粉末混凝土力学强度的影响(表4);2.通过设计不同的养护湿度(50%和90%),构建后期养护环境与材料干燥收缩之间的关系,得到适应性的后期养护参数(表5);3.通过与已有研究的分析对比,提出适用于工程实际的高温干热养护工艺参数,并得出后期高湿度养护降低活性粉末混凝土收缩的微观机理(图7)。结论:1.通过调整高温养护的温度和养护时间可以对活性粉末混凝土的强度产生影响。2.试件在经历高温养护后再进行高湿度养护可以有效降低材料的后期干燥收缩。3.材料界面过渡区在高温养护条件下变得更加密实;在高温环境下生成托勃莫来石或硬硅钙石是材料获得较高强度的主要原因。

Preparation and Reactions of Perfluoroalkanesulfenyl Chlorides

Several perfluoroalkanesulfenyl chlorides were prepared from the corresponding perfluoroalkanesulfenic acids in high yields, and their reactions with thiol, amine, arene and alkene were studied. A series of perfluoroal- kyl-containing disulfides, sulfonamides, aryl sulfides and a-chlorosulfides were synthesized under mild conditions.

Microglia and astroglia:the role of neuroinflammation in lead toxicity and neuronal injury in the brain

Lead(Pb^(2+)),a ubiquitous environmental toxicant,may widely affect the function of many organs or systems of human beings,especially the brain.Although lead is believed to transport into the brain through the blood-brain barrier(BBB)and cause direct neuronal injury,growing data have shown that lead exposure could induce brain dysfunction by triggering microglial and astroglial activation,pro-inflammatory cytokine production and inflammatory response,generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress,and finally result in BBB dysfunction and neuronal damage.This review summarizes recent studies regarding microglial and astroglial reaction,neuroinflammation,and neuronal death in the brain following lead insult,suggesting that reactive glial cells may represent a potential target for manipulation of lead-induced neuroinflammatory injury of the brain.

Asymmetric Pudovik Reaction of Chiral Fluoroalkyl α,β-Unsaturated Ketimines and Diphenyl Phosphite

The asymmetric Pudovik reaction of chiral fluoroalkyl α,β-unsaturated ketimines derivated from(R)-tert-butanesulfinamide and diphenyl phosphite was achieved in the presence of Rb2CO3 at room temperature.A series of fluoroalkylated α-amino phosphonates were prepared in good yields with high diastereoselectivities.