Il34拯救甲硝唑导致的斑马鱼中枢神经系统轴突再生障碍

甲硝唑(metronidazole,MTZ)是临床常用的抗感染药物,同时在科学研究中被用作细胞靶向消融系统的前体药物,具有极高的应用价值。但MTZ会引起一定程度的神经毒性症状,目前临床及科研使用过程中也缺乏规避其毒性的有效手段,这在一定程度上限制了其应用。因此,探究MTZ引起神经症状的具体机制并探讨应对措施将更大程度地发挥MTZ的实用价值。本研究利用斑马鱼(Danio rerio)脊髓损伤再生模型确认了MTZ的神经毒性导致斑马鱼中枢神经系统轴突再生障碍,通过在斑马鱼中枢神经系统中过表达il34消除了MTZ对轴突再生的抑制,并证明了这种抗MTZ神经毒性的促再生作用不是由白细胞介素34(interleukin 34,Il34)趋化的过量巨噬细胞/小胶质细胞所介导。通过转录组测序分析组间差异表达基因的GO富集分析发现,Il34通过促进细胞间的黏附和细胞定位等生物学过程抗MTZ神经毒性从而促进脊髓损伤修复。综上所述,本研究揭示了MTZ神经毒性的可能原因,为消除MTZ毒性提供了一个新的视角。

Clinical Research of Transumbilical Singleport Laparoscopic Treatment For Pediatric Intussusception

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of single port laparoscopic surgery through the umbilical cord for the treatment of pediatric intussusception.Method:Clinical data of 38 cases of pediatric intussusception treated with umbilical single port laparoscopic surgery from December 2017 to June 2019 were collected.The surgical method involves placing Trocar through the umbilical incision to establish pneumoperitoneum,inserting a single hole with a 0°laparoscopic operating channel,exploring intussusception,and performing non-invasive forceps to completely reduce it.After the reduction of intussusception,if intestinal malformation is found,the umbilical incision can be expanded to lift the diseased intestinal tract out of the abdominal cavity for resection.At the same time,clinical data of 24 children who underwent traditional porous laparoscopic intussusception surgery during the same period were collected,and the surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,and satisfaction score of incision aesthetics were compared between the two groups of children.Result:Both groups of patients successfully completed the surgery,and compared with the porous laparoscopic group,the single hole laparoscopic group had a shorter surgical time[(32.4±8.6)minutes vs.(40.6±9.8)minutes,P<0.05],decreased bleeding volume[(5.5±1.5)mL vs.(8.6±2.2)mL,P<0.05],significantly shortened postoperative hospital stay[(4.6±1.2)d vs.(6.2±1.4)d,P<0.05],and significantly increased satisfaction score with incision aesthetics[(4.2±0.8)points vs.(3.2±0.7)points,P<0.05].Follow up for 6 months to 2 years showed no recurrence of intussusception.Conclusion:Transumbilical single port laparoscopic surgery is a safe and effective method for children with intussusception,which is characterized by small trauma,fast recovery,short operation time,and better aesthetic effect.

First-principles calculations of Ni–(Co)–Mn–Cu–Ti all-d-metal Heusler alloy on martensitic transformation,mechanical and magnetic properties

The martensitic transformation,mechanical,and magnetic properties of the Ni_(2)Mn_(1.5-x)Cu_(x)Ti_(0.5) (x=0.125,0.25,0.375,0.5) and Ni_(2-y)Co_(y)Mn_(1.5-x)Cu_(x)Ti_(0.5)[(x=0.125,y=0.125,0.25,0.375,0.5) and (x=0.125,0.25,0.375,y=0.625)]alloys were systematically studied by the first-principles calculations.For the formation energy,the martensite is smaller than the austenite,the Ni–(Co)–Mn–Cu–Ti alloys studied in this work can undergo martensitic transformation.The austenite and non-modulated (NM) martensite always present antiferromagnetic state in the Ni_(2)Mn_(1.5-x)Cu_(x)Ti_(0.5) and Ni_(2-y)Co_(y)Mn_(1.5-x)Cu_(x)Ti_(0.5) (y<0.625) alloys.When y=0.625 in the Ni_(2-y)Co_(y)Mn_(1.5-x)Cu_(x)Ti_(0.5) series,the austenite presents ferromagnetic state while the NM martensite shows antiferromagnetic state.Cu doping can decrease the thermal hysteresis and anisotropy of the Ni–(Co)–Mn–Ti alloy.Increasing Mn and decreasing Ti content can improve the shear resistance and normal stress resistance,but reduce the toughness in the Ni–Mn–Cu–Ti alloy.And the ductility of the Co–Cu co-doping alloy is inferior to that of the Ni–Mn–Cu–Ti and Ni–Co–Mn–Ti alloys.The electronic density of states was studied to reveal the essence of the mechanical and magnetic properties.

Efficient H_(2)O_(2)Electrosynthesis and Its Electro-Fenton Application for Refractory Organics Degradation

Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))in situ electrosynthesis by O_(2)reduction reaction is a promising alternative to the conventional Fenton treatment of refractory wastewater.However,O_(2)mass transfer limitation,cathodic catalyst selectivity,and electron transfer in O_(2)reduction remain major engineering obstacles.Here,we have proposed a systematic solution for efficient H_(2)O_(2)generation and its electro-Fenton(EF)application for refractory organic degradation based on the fabrication of a novel ZrO_(2)/CMK-3/PTFE cathode,in which polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)acted as a hydrophobic modifier to strengthen the O_(2)mass transfer,ZrO_(2)was adopted as a hydrophilic modifier to enhance the electron transfer of O_(2)reduction,and mesoporous carbon CMK-3 was utilized as a catalyst substrate to provide catalytic active sites.Moreover,feasible mass transfer of O_(2)from the hydrophobic to the hydrophilic layer was designed to increase the contact between O_(2)and the reaction interface.The H_(2)O_(2)yield of the ZrO_(2)/CMK-3/PTFE cathode was significantly improved by approximately 7.56 times compared to that of the co nventional gas diffusion cathode under the same conditions.The H_(2)O_(2)generation rate and Faraday efficiency reached125.98 mg·cm^(-2)·h^(-1)(normalized to 5674.04 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1)by catalyst loading)and 78.24%at-1.3 V versus standard hydrogen electrode(current density of-252 mA·cm^(-2)),respectively.The high H_(2)O_(2)yield ensured that sufficient OH was produced for excellent EF performance,resulting in a degradation efficiency of over 96%for refractory organics.This study offers a novel engineering solution for the efficient treatment of refractory wastewater using EF technology based on in situ high-yield H_(2)O_(2)electrosynthesis.

In vitro bio-corrosion behaviors of biodegradable AZ31B magnesium alloy under static stresses of different forms and magnitudes

Biomedical degradable materials would be subjected to different degrees and forms of static stress after being implanted in the human body.In this work,the biocorrosion behaviors of AZ31B magnesium alloy under different stress forms with different magnitudes(20~150MPa)were studied.It was found that the corrosion behaviors at stressed conditions were severer than those at unstressed conditions and corrosion rates were obviously accelerated.The biocorrosion behaviors are more sensitive to the effects of tensile loads than to compressive loads.A biocorrosion numerical model on the degradation process of Mg alloy under static loads was established.The corrosion current density(i_(corr))of Mg alloy and the applied static stress(σ)matches a linear relationship of ln i_(corr)~σwell during the early stage(within 24 hrs)while deviated gradually in the latter period of corrosion.This work could provide a guidance and theoretical reference for further researches on the biocorrosion behaviors and practical clinical applications of the biomedical materials subjected to physiological loads.

The extracellular secretion of miR-1825 wrapped by exosomes increases CLEC5A expression:A potential oncogenic mechanism in ovarian cancer

Background:Ovarian cancer(OC)is a leading cause of gynecological cancer-linked deaths worldwide.Exosomal miR-1825 and its target gene C-type lectin domain family 5 member A(CLEC5A)are associated with tumorigenesis in cancers that was further probed.Methods:Exosomal miR-1825 expression in exosomes and its impact on overall survival(OS)prediction were determined using Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)and The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)data.Target genes of miR-1825 were searched in five prediction databases and prognostically significant differentially expressed genes were identified.Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were carried out.The ability of CLEC5A to predict OS was evaluated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier curves.The CLEC5A expression pattern in OC was validated using immunohistochemistry.The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to compare the immune cell landscape,and the results were validated in a GEO cohort.Finally,the predicted half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values for five commonly used chemotherapy agents were also compared.Results:MiR-1825 level was higher in exosomes derived from OC cells and served as a tumor suppressor.The CLEC5A gene was found to be a target of miR-1825,the upregulation of which was correlated with a poor prognosis.M2 macrophage infiltration was significantly enhanced in the CLEC5A high expression group,while T follicular helper cell infiltration was reduced in it.While the predicted IC50 for cisplatin and doxorubicin was higher in the CLEC5A high expression group,that of docetaxel,gemcitabine,and paclitaxel was lower.Conclusion:MiR-1825,a promising OC biomarker,may promote OC progression by increasing CLEC5A expression via exosome-mediated efflux from tumor cells.

“半强制分红政策”与现金持有价值

本文以2008年10月颁布《关于修改上市公司现金分红若干规定的决定》为背景，研究了“半强制分红政策”对上市公司现金持有价值的影响。研究发现：《决定》颁布后，上市公司现金持有价值下降，且国有上市公司的现金持有价值下降更显著，但是好的财务报告质量能够缓解公司现金持有价值的下降。以上结果出现的原因可能在于“半强制分红”政策“一刀切”的再融资门槛具有局限性，诱发上市公司为了再融资而分红，背离了“融资优序”理论，从而破坏公司现金持有价值，但是具有不同特征的公司表现有所差异。本文的研究结论对完善我国现有监管制度具有指导意义。

含Al2Ca相和Mg2Ca相Mg−Al−Ca−Mn合金经等通道转角挤压加工后的腐蚀性能

为了研究Al_(2)Ca相和Mg_(2)Ca相对Mg−Al−Ca−Mn合金腐蚀行为的影响,采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、浸泡和电化学测试对仅含Al_(2)Ca相(2Ca)和仅含Mg_(2)Ca相(4Ca)的铸态及ECAP态合金进行研究。在腐蚀初期,两种铸态合金的腐蚀速度比ECAP合金的慢。随着腐蚀时间的延长,ECAP合金的腐蚀程度变得比铸态合金轻微,这主要归因于ECAP合金中第二相的有效细化及分散。此外,2Ca合金的腐蚀程度始终小于4Ca合金,表明Al_(2)Ca相比Mg_(2)Ca相更有利于提高Mg−Al−Ca−Mn合金的耐腐蚀性能。最后,根据合金腐蚀表面的形貌观察和电化学测试结果,对由Al_(2)Ca相和Mg_(2)Ca相的分布和形貌引起合金的不同腐蚀机理进行讨论。

Intracoronary arterial retrograde thrombolysis with percutaneous coronary intervention: a novel use of thrombolytic to treat acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Background Clearance of coronary arterial thrombosis is necessary in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There is currently no highly-recommended method of thrombus removal during interventional procedures. We describe a new method for opening culprit vessels to treat STEMI: intracoronary arterial retrograde thrombolysis (ICART) with PCI. Methods & Results Eight patients underwent ICART. The guidewire was advanced to the distal coronary artery through the occlusion lesion. Then, we inserted a microcatheter into the distal end of the occluded coronary artery over the guidewire. Urokinase (5–10 wu) mixed with contrast agents was slowly injected into the occluded section of the coronary artery through the microcatheter. The intracoronary thrombus gradually dissolved in 3–17 min, and the effect of thrombolysis was visible in real time. Stents were then implanted according to the characteristics of the recanalized culprit lesion to achieve full revascularization. One patient experienced premature ventricular contraction during vascular revascularization, and no malignant arrhythmias were seen in any patient. No reflow or slow flow was not observed post PCI. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade and myocardial blush grade post-primary PCI was 3 in all eight patients. No patients experienced bleeding or stroke. Conclusions ICART was accurate and effective for treating intracoronary thrombi in patients with STEMI in this preliminary study. ICART was an effective, feasible, and simple approach to the management of STEMI, and no intraprocedural complications occurred in any of the patients. ICART may be a breakthrough in the treatment of acute STEMI.

MicroRNA-15a/b are up-regulated in response to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

ObjectiveSeveral 研究显示了 miR-15a， miR-15b 和 miR-16 可以是 apoptosis 的重要管理者。后来稀释 apoptosis 能保护心肌层和还原剂梗塞尺寸，现在的学习被瞄准发现是否这些 miRNAs 参予调整心肌的局部缺血灌注( I/R )在受到 I/R 的老鼠心的 injury.MethodsApoptosis 被 TUNEL 试金在 vivo 检测，当流动 cytometry 分析由 Annexin V/PI 列在后面时，在 vitro 的两倍污点被用来在受到 hypoxia/reoxygenation ( H/R )的有教养的 cardiomyocytes 检测 apoptosis 。Taqman 即时量的 PCR 被用来证实 miR-15a/15b/16 是否涉及心脏的 I/R 的规定，控制， I/R 或 H/R 的到那些的 H/R.ResultsCompared 导致了 cardiomyocytes 的 apoptosis 显著地在 vivo 两个都被增加(24.4%&#x000b1；9.4% 对 2.2%&#x000b1；1.9% ， P &#x0003c；0.01， n = 5 ) 并且在 vitro (14.12%&#x000b1；0.92% 对 2.22%&#x000b1；0.08%) 。 miR-15a 和 miR-15b 的表达式，然而并非 miR-16 ，在鼠标 I/R 模型，和结果被增加在 H/R model.ConclusionsOur 数据是一致的显示因此， miR-15 和 miR-15b 响应心脏的 I/R 损害是起来调整的 miR-15a/b 的下面规定可以是有希望的策略减少心脏的 I/R 损害导致的心肌的 apoptosis 。

Cutting-balloon angioplasty before drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of severely calcified coronary lesions

BackgroundSeverely 钙化的冠的损害对汽球 angioplasty 糟糕作出回应，导致不完全、不均匀的 stent 扩大。因此，在 drug-eluting stent (DES ) 以前的足够的匾修正培植是为钙化的损害治疗的钥匙。这研究是评估为严重地钙化的冠的 lesions.MethodsNinety 切汽球 angioplasty 的安全和功效 -- 有严重地钙化的损害的二个连续病人(定义为钙弧 ≥；180 °；钙长度比率 ≥；0.5 ) 在 DES 培植随机基于汽球类型被划分成二个组以前，与汽球膨胀对待：在常规汽球 angioplasty (BA ) 的 45 个病人组织，在切的汽球 angioplasty (CB ) 的 47 个病人组织。在 BA 组的七个盒子令人满意地没完成膨胀并且被变成 CB 组。 Intravascular 超声( IVUS )在汽球膨胀前并且在 stent 培植以后被执行获得质、量的损害特征并且评估 stent ，包括最小的腔代表性的区域( CSA )，钙化的弧和长度，最小的 stent CSA ， stent 并置， stent 对称， stent 扩大，容器解剖，并且分叉容器监狱。在里面医院， 1 月、 6 月的主要不利心脏的事件(向) 是 reported.ResultsThere 不是在在二个组之间的临床的特征的统计差别，包括钙弧(222.2 °；±；22.2 °；对 235.0 °；±；22.1 °；， P = 0.570 ) ，钙长度比率(0.67 ±；0.06 对 0.77 ±；0.05， P = 0.130 ) ，并且在一种总线标准前的最小的腔 CSA (2.59 ±；0.08 公里 2 对 2.52 ±；0.08 公里 2, P = 0.550 ) 。在 stent 培植以后，最后的最小的 stent CSA (6.26 ±；0.40 公里 2 对 5.03 ±；0.33 公里 2 ；P = 0.031 ) 并且尖锐的腔获得(3.74 ±；0.38 公里 2 对 2.44 ±；0.29 公里 2, P = 0.015 ) 比 BA 组的在 CB 组是显著地更大的。没有统计上在在二个组之间的 stent 扩大， stent 对称，不完全的 stent 并置，容器解剖和分支容器监狱的差别。在在严重地钙化的损害的 DES 培植看起来是包括显著地更大的最后的 stent CSA 和更大的尖锐的腔获得的更多的功效以前， 30 天、 6 月的向率也不是 different.ConclusionsCutting 汽球 angioplasty，没有增加在操作和 MACE 率在期间的复杂并发症 6 月。

Comparison of human amniotic fluid-derived and umbilical cord Wharton＇s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells： Characterization and myocardial differentiation capacity

ObjectiveTo 比较描述和羊膜的导出液体的间充质的 stromal 房间(AF MSC ) 和脐的绳索沃顿 .MethodsThe 人 AF MSC 是的导出果冻的间充质的 stromal 房间(WJ MSC ) 的心肌的区别能力从羊水诊断获得的羊膜的液体样品有教养。脐的绳索 WJ MSC 从沃顿由正常劳动完整术语的交付的婴儿的脐的绳索的果冻被获得。由房间表面标记的流动 cytometry 的形态学，生长曲线，和分析在房间的二种类型之间被比较。心肌的基因(GATA-4， c-TnT， &#x003b1； -actin, 和 Cx43 ) 被即时 PCR 检测，相应蛋白质表情被西方的污点分析检测在以后心肌在 AF MSC 导致了， WJ MSCs.ResultsOur 调查结果表明 AF MSC 和 WJ MSC 分享了 fibroblastoid 形状的类似的词法特征。AF MSC 容易比 WJ MSC 被获得并且有一更短的时间到达 2.7 &#x000b1 的坚持；1.6 天到 6.5 &#x000b1 的 WJ MSC；1.8 天。由 MTT 细胞毒素的试金的生长曲线证明 AF MSC 在经过 5 和经过 10 点有一个类似的 proliferative 能力。然而， WJ MSC 的 proliferative 能力相对 10 经过在 5 经过被减少。AF 干细胞和 WJ 干细胞与胚胎的干细胞的一些特征有间充质的 stromal 房间的特征。他们表示 CD29 和 CD105，然而并非 CD34。他们为一级主要 histocompatibility 是积极的(MHC 我) 抗原(HLA-ABC ) ，并且否定，或略微积极，为 MHC 班 II (HLA 医生) 抗原。Oct-4 在所有二种房间类型是积极的。AF MSC 和 WJ MSC 能区分心肌层。区别能力被 GATA-4 的表达式检测， c-TnT， &#x003b1；在心肌的 induction.ConclusionsBoth AF MSC 以后的 -actin, Cx43 和 WJ MSC 在心脏的再生治疗为 myogenesis 有潜在的临床的应用程序。

Predictors of adherence to home-based cardiac rehabilitation program among coronary artery disease outpatients in China

Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has proven beneficial for patients with coronary artery disease. However, adherence to CR programs is the key to the health improvement in those patients. Identifying predictors for adherence, which is very much unknown in China, would be valuable for effective rehabilitation. This study aims to determine the adherence to home-based CR programs in Chinese coronary artery disease patients and determine predictors of adherence. Methods The current study included 1033 outpatients with coronary heart disease in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing from July 2015 to June 2017. Participants were given an exercise prescription and took part in home-based exercise training lasting for 3–24 months. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the completion of the CR program, understanding of the program, motivation of the patients, and family/peer support. Results Two thirds of the patients adhered well to the home-based CR program. Elder patients (≥ 65-year-old) adhere to the program better, while men adhered better than women. Patients who used to exercise (B = 6.756, P < 0.001), understood the program (B = 0.078, P = 0.002), with stronger motivation to participate (B = 0.376, P < 0.001), and received better family support (B = 0.487, P < 0.001) also adhere better to the program. Conclusions Understanding the program, self-motivation of patients, and family support help to keep patients engaged in a home-based CR program. Improvement of family support by educating both patients and families may be helpful in improving adherence to home-based CR programs.

Efficient one-pot synthesis of n-butyl levulinate from carbohydrates catalyzed by Fe_2(SO_4)_3

Butyl levulinate（BL） is a promising new candidate as diesel fuel and fuel additive. In this study, an efficient process for a one-pot synthesis of BL from biomass-derived carbohydrates in butanol medium with the catalysis of metal sulfates was developed. The catalytic activity of a series of metal sulfates for the synthesis of BL from fructose was investigated. Among various metal sulfates, ferric sulfate Fe（SO）was found to be the most efficient catalyst, which gave a remarkably high BL yield of 62.8 mol% under the conditions of 463 K, 3 h, a catalyst dosage of 5.0 g/L, and fructose concentration of 25 g/L. Different carbohydrates including glucose, cellulose, inulin and sucrose were also used for one-pot synthesis of BL with the catalysis of Fe（SO）, showing the yields of 39.6, 30.5, 56.6 and 50.1 mol%, respectively. In addition,the recycling and reuse of Fe（SO）was studied by characterizing them using powder X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. A plausible reaction pathway for the one-pot synthesis of BL from fructose was proposed. This study provides a facile and feasible way for the synthesis of BL from biomass.

Potential of multi-pass ECAP on improving the mechanical properties of a high-calcium-content Mg-Al-Ca-Mn alloy

In this study,the multi-pass equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)was employed on a high-calcium-content Mg-Al-Ca-Mn alloy to tailor its microstructure and mechanical properties.The obtained results showed that the network-shaped Mg2Ca and(Mg,Al)2Ca eutectic compounds in as-cast alloy were gradually crushed into ultra-fine particles after ECAP,which exhibited a bimodal particle size distribution and most aggregated at original grain boundaries.Dynamic recrystallization(DRX)of α-Mg occurred during hot deformation via a particle stimulated mechanism,and the almost complete DRX with an average grain size around 1.5μm was obtained after 12p-ECAP.Moreover,abundant nano-sized acicular and spherical precipitates were dynamically precipitated withinα-Mg grains during ECAP.Tensile test results indicated that the maximum strength and ductility were acquired for 12p-ECAP alloy with ultimate tensile strength of 372 MPa and fracture elongation of 8%.The enhanced strength of the alloy could be ascribed to fine DRX grains,ultra-fine Ca-containing particles and dynamically precipitated nano-precipitates,while the improved ductility was mainly due to the refined and homogeneous microstructure,and weak texture with high average Schmid factors.

Padua评分预测重症患者静脉血栓栓塞症风险的价值

目的探讨Padua评分对预测重症患者发生静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)风险的有效性。方法采用病例对照的方法进行回顾性研究,选取华北理工大学附属医院重症医学科(ICU)患者中确诊的78例VTE患者(VTE组)及同时期同科室随机抽取的96例未患VTE患者(非VTE组)。依据Padua评分对两组患者进行评分和危险分层。比较两组评分结果以及危险等级之间的关系,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析危险因素与VTE发生之间的关系。结果 VTE组Padua评分与非VTE组比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),VTE组高于非VTE组,高评分等级组患者发生VTE的风险是低评分等级组的7.66倍。以ICU住院患者的相关因素作为自变量进行Logistic回归分析发现:卧床≥3 d是ICU住院患者发生VTE的最高级别的危险因素。结论 Pauda评分可较好地评估ICU患者VTE发病的危险程度。

BiVO4/TiO2(N2) Nanotubes Heterojunction Photoanode for Highly Efficient Photoelectrocatalytic Applications

We report the development of a novel visible response BiVO_4/TiO_2(N_2) nanotubes photoanode for photoelectrocatalytic applications. The nitrogen-treated TiO_2 nanotube shows a high carrier concentration rate, thus resulting in a high efficient charge transportation and low electron–hole recombination in the TiO_2–BiVO_4. Therefore, the BiVO_4/TiO_2(N_2) NTs photoanode enabled with a significantly enhanced photocurrent of 2.73 mA cm^(-2)(at 1 V vs. Ag/Ag Cl) and a degradation efficiency in the oxidation of dyes under visible light. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, and UV–Vis absorption spectrum were conducted to characterize the photoanode and demonstrated the presence of both metal oxides as a junction composite.

The Inhibition Effect of Tert-Butyl Alcohol on the TiO_2 Nano Assays Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Different Organics and Its Mechanism

The inhibition effect of tert-butyl alcohol(TBA), identified as the·OH radical inhibitor, on the TiO_2 nano assays(TNA) photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of different organics such as glucose and phthalate was reported. The adsorption performance of these organics on the TNA photoelectrode was investigated by using the instantaneous photocurrent value, and the degradation property was examined by using the exhausted reaction. The results showed that glucose exhibited the poor adsorption and easy degradation performance, phthalate showed the strong adsorption and harddegradation, but TBA showed the weak adsorption and was the most difficult to be degraded. The degradation of both glucose and phthalate could be inhibited evidently by TBA. But the effect on glucose was more obvious. The different inhibition effects of TBA on different organics could be attributed to the differences in the adsorption and the degradation property. For instance, phthalate of the strong adsorption property could avoid from the capture of·OH radicals by TBA in TNA photoelectrocatalytic process.

Engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes as gene therapy vectors for efficient delivery of siRNA into lung cancer cells

Natural exosomes can express specific proteins and carbohydratemolecules on the surface and hence have demonstrated the great potentials for gene therapy of cancer.However,the use of natural exosomes is restricted by their low transfection efficiency.Here,we report a novel targeting tLyp-1 exosome by gene recombinant engineering for delivery of siRNA to cancer and cancer stem cells.To reach such a purpose,the engineered tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were constructed and amplified in Escherichia coli.The tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids were further used to transfect HEK293T tool cells and the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes were isolated from secretion of the transfected HEK293T cells.Afterwards,the artificially synthesized siRNA was encapsulated into targeting tLyp-1 exosomes by electroporation technology.Finally,the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were used to transfect cancer or cancer stem cells.Results showed that the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes had a nanosized structure(approximately 100 nm)and high transfection efficiency into lung cancer and cancer stem cells.The function verifications demonstrated that the targeting siRNA tLyp-1 exosomes were able to knock-down the target gene of cancer cells and to reduce the stemness of cancer stem cells.In conclusion,the targeting tLyp-1 exosomes are successfully engineered,and can be used for gene therapy with a high transfection efficiency.Therefore,the engineered targeting tLyp-1 exosomes offer a promising gene delivery platform for future cancer therapy.