富含氧空位的由多金属氧簇辅助的银基异质结用于高效电催化固氮

目前工业产氨主要依赖传统的Haber-Bosch工艺,然而该工艺条件苛刻,需要高温(350-550℃)和高压(150-250bar),每年消耗全球能源供应的2%,同时排放4.5亿吨二氧化碳(占全球总排放量的1.6%).近年来,科研工作者致力于开发高效率、高选择性的固氮电催化剂,但是由于析氢反应的强烈竞争,目前已报道的氮还原催化剂仍然受到低法拉第效率和低氨产率的限制.因此,开发活性位点丰富、氮气吸附能力强、催化性能优异的氮还原电催化剂成为当务之急.贵金属催化剂由于其纳米结构中富含活性位点,并且金属表界面处具有较好的导电性,因此表现出较高的法拉第效率.而分子催化剂因可调的电子结构和明确的构效关系引起了广泛关注.多金属氧簇是一种典型的金属聚阴离子团簇,由氧原子连接的含氧多面体组成,且具备优异的氧化还原性能.因此,本课题组尝试将多金属氧簇分子引入到氮还原催化剂中,并探究其催化机理.本文选取了一个多金属氧簇为前驱体,在溶剂、还原剂和诱导剂共存时,通过一锅法合成了富含氧空位的AgPW_(11)/Ag纳米方块电催化剂.实验结果表明,富含氧空位的AgPW_(11)/Ag异质结催化剂在-0.2 V(vs.RHE)电位时表现出高达46.02±1.03μg h^(-1)mg^(-1)_(cat).的氨产率和34.07±0.16%的法拉第效率,催化反应能够稳定运行32h且性能未见衰减,显著优于银催化剂.随后系统地研究了AgPW_(11)/Ag催化剂的氮还原活性位点,发现异质结中的银单质为催化反应提供了高导电性的支持,而催化剂中的银氧簇具有较好的电子得失能力,有利于促进氮还原反应中的六电子转移过程.丰富的氧空位利于吸附氮气,也能协同提升AgPW_(11)/Ag对电化学氮还原的催化活性.密度泛函理论计算结果表明,在还原后的银氧簇中,银原子d轨道与氮气π*轨道之间的强相互作用激活了吸附的氮气,促进了第一个质子化过程:*N_(2)向*N-NH的转化(电化学决速步).综上,本工作建立了异质结催化剂的催化性能与其分子结构之间的构效关系,为开发多金属氧簇及其衍生物作为电催化剂提供了依据和思路.

Towards the insights into the deactivation behavior of acetylene hydrogenation catalyst

A series of model catalysts were obtained by treating commercial fresh and spent catalysts unloaded from the factory with different methods, including green oil dipping, extraction and high-temperature regeneration;finally, the deactivation behavior of the commercial catalyst for acetylene hydrogenation were studied. The influence of various possible deactivation factors on the catalytic performance was elucidated via detailed structural characterization, surface composition analysis, and activity evaluation.The results showed that green oil, carbon deposit and sintering of active metal were the main reasons for deactivation, among which green oil and carbon deposit led to rapid deactivation, while the activity could be recovered after regeneration by high-temperature calcination. The sintering of active metal components was attributed to the high-temperature regeneration in hydrothermal conditions, which was slow but irreversible and accounted for permanent deactivation. Thus, optimizing the regeneration is expected to extend the service life of the commercial catalyst.

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid assessment facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer

Lung cancer is the most common and fatal malignant disease worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among tumor-related causes of death.Early diagnosis and precision medicine can significantly improve the survival rate and prognosis of lung cancer patients.At present,the clinical diagnosis of lung cancer is challenging due to a lack of effective non-invasive detection methods and biomarkers,and treatment is primarily hindered by drug resistance and high tumor heterogeneity.Liquid biopsy is a method for detecting circulating biomarkers in the blood and other body fluids containing genetic information from primary tumor tissues.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)is a potential liquid biopsy medium that is rich in a variety of bioactive substances and cell components.BALF contains information on the key characteristics of tumors,including the tumor subtype,gene mutation type,and tumor environment,thus BALF may be used as a diagnostic supplement to lung biopsy.In this review,the current research on BALF in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of lung cancer is summarized.The advantages and disadvantages of different components of BALF,including cells,cell-free DNA,extracellular vesicles,and micro RNA are introduced.In particular,the great potential of extracellular vesicles in precision diagnosis and detection of drug-resistant for lung cancer is highlighted.In addition,the performance of liquid biopsies with different body fluid sources in lung cancer detection are compared to facilitate more selective studies involving BALF,thereby promoting the application of BALF for precision medicine in lung cancer patients in the future.

Against all odds:The road to success in the development of human immune reconstitution mice

The mouse genome has a high degree of homology with the human genome,and its physiological,biochemical,and developmental regulation mechanisms are similar to those of humans;therefore,mice are widely used as experimental animals.However,it is undeniable that interspecies differences between humans and mice can lead to experimental errors.The differences in the immune system have become an impor-tant factor limiting current immunological research.The application of immunodefi-cient mice provides a possible solution to these problems.By transplanting human immune cells or tissues,such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells or hematopoietic stem cells,into immunodeficient mice,a human immune system can be reconstituted in the mouse body,and the engrafted immune cells can elicit human-specific immune responses.Researchers have been actively exploring the development and differen-tiation conditions of host recipient animals and grafts in order to achieve better im-mune reconstitution.Through genetic engineering methods,immunodeficient mice can be further modified to provide a favorable developmental and differentiation microenvironment for the grafts.From initially only being able to reconstruct single T lymphocyte lineages,it is now possible to reconstruct lymphoid and myeloid cells,providing important research tools for immunology-related studies.In this review,we compare the differences in immune systems of humans and mice,describe the devel-opment history of human immune reconstitution from the perspectives of immuno-deficient mice and grafts,and discuss the latest advances in enhancing the efficiency of human immune cell reconstitution,aiming to provide important references for im-munological related researches.

Potential industrial applications of photo/electrocatalysis: Recent progress and future challenges

Nowadays,the rapid development of the social economy inevitably leads to global energy and environmental crisis.For this reason,more and more scholars focus on the development of photocatalysis and/or electrocatalysis technology for the advantage in the sustainable production of high-value-added products,and the high efficiency in pollutants remediation.Although there is plenty of outstanding research has been put forward continuously,most of them focuses on catalysis performance and reaction mechanisms in laboratory conditions.Realizing industrial application of photo/electrocatalytic processes is still a challenge that needs to be overcome by social demand.In this regard,this review comprehensively summarized several explorations in thefield of photo/electrocatalytic reduction towards potential industrial applications in recent years.Special attention is paid to the successful attempts and the current status of photo/electrocatalytic water splitting,carbon dioxide conversion,resource utilization from waste,etc.,by using advanced reactors.The key problems and challenges of photo/electrocatalysis in future industrial practice are also discussed,and the possible development directions are also pointed out from the industry view.

Exploration of Development Status and Trend of Three Elements of Rural Areas in the New Era to Protect Achievements in Poverty Alleviation

The three rural issues of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers are important strategic issues in China’s development, are an important foundation for the agricultural country to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Under the new situation of great victory in poverty alleviation, it is necessary to protect the fruits of victory and strengthen the construction of new countryside in the new era. From the current development situations of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, this paper explored the development trend of three elements, to provide a feasible path for protecting the achievements in poverty alleviation, and provide certain ideas for workers engaged in agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

Humanoid Intelligent Display Platform for Audiovisual Interaction and Sound Identification

This study proposes a rational strategy for the design,fabrication and system integration of the humanoid intelligent display platform(HIDP)to meet the requirements of highly humanized mechanical properties and intelligence for human-machine interfaces.The platform’s sandwich structure comprises a middle lightemitting layer and surface electrodes,which consists of silicon elastomer embedded with phosphor and silk fibroin ionoelastomer,respectively.Both materials are highly stretchable and resilient,endowing the HIDP with skin-like mechanical properties and applicability in various extreme environments and complex mechanical stimulations.Furthermore,by establishing the numerical correlation between the amplitude change of animal sounds and the brightness variation,the HIDP realizes audiovisual interaction and successful identification of animal species with the aid of Internet of Things(IoT)and machine learning techniques.The accuracy of species identification reaches about 100%for 200 rounds of random testing.Additionally,the HIDP can recognize animal species and their corresponding frequencies by analyzing sound characteristics,displaying real-time results with an accuracy of approximately 99%and 93%,respectively.In sum,this study offers a rational route to designing intelligent display devices for audiovisual interaction,which can expedite the application of smart display devices in human-machine interaction,soft robotics,wearable sound-vision system and medical devices for hearing-impaired patients.

Set pair three-way overlapping community discovery algorithm for weighted social internet of things

There are many problems in Social Internet of Things(IoTs),such as complex topology information,different degree of association between nodes and overlapping communities.The idea of set pair information grain computing and clustering is introduced to solve the above problems so as to accurately describe the similarity between nodes and fully explore the multi-community structure.A Set Pair Three-Way Overlapping Community Discovery Algorithm for Weighted Social Internet of Things(WSIoT-SPTOCD)is proposed.In the local network structure,which fully considers the topological information between nodes,the set pair connection degree is used to analyze the identity,difference and reverse of neighbor nodes.The similarity degree of different neighbor nodes is defined from network edge weight and node degree,and the similarity measurement method of set pair between nodes based on the local information structure is proposed.According to the number of nodes'neighbors and the connection degree of adjacent edges,the clustering intensity of nodes is defined,and an improved algorithm for initial value selection of k-means is proposed.The nodes are allocated according to the set pair similarity between nodes and different communities.Three-way community structures composed of a positive domain,boundary domain and negative domain are generated iteratively.Next,the overlapping node set is generated according to the calculation results of community node membership.Finally,experiments are carried out on artificial networks and real networks.The results show that WSIoT-SPTOCD performs well in terms of standardized mutual information,overlapping community modularity and F1.

DRAM:A DRL-based resource allocation scheme for MAR in MEC

Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)and 5G technology allow clients to access computing resources at the network frontier,which paves the way for applying Mobile Augmented Reality(MAR)applications.Under the MEC paradigm,MAR clients can offload complex tasks to the MEC server and enhance the human perception of the world by merging the received virtual information with the real environment.However,the resource allocation problem arises as a critical challenge in circumstances where several MAR clients compete for limited resources at the network frontier.In this paper,we aim to design an online resource allocation scheme on the MEC server that takes both high quality of experience and good fairness performance for MAR clients into consideration.We first formulate this problem as a Markov decision process and tackle the challenge of applying the deep reinforcement learning paradigm.Then,we propose DRAM,a Deep reinforcement learning-based Resource allocation scheme for mobile Augmented reality service in MEC.We also propose a self-adaptive algorithm on the MAR client that is derived based on the analysis of the MAR service to tackle client adaptation problems.The simulation results demonstrated that DRAM can provide high quality of experience and simultaneously achieve good fairness performance by coordinating with clients’adaptation algorithms.

Injectable hydrogel made from antler mesenchyme matrix for regenerative wound healing via creating a fetal-like niche

BACKGROUND Scar formation and loss of cutaneous appendages are the greatest challenges in cutaneous wound healing.Previous studies have indicated that antler reserve mesenchyme(RM)cells and their conditioned medium improved regenerative wound healing with partial recovery of cutaneous appendages.AIM To develop hydrogels from the antler RM matrix(HARM)and evaluate the effect on wound healing.METHODS We prepared the hydrogels from the HARM via enzymatic solubilization with pepsin.Then we investigated the therapeutic effects of HARM on a full-thickness cutaneous wound healing rat model using both local injections surrounding the wound and topical wound application.RESULTS The results showed that HARM accelerated wound healing rate and reduced scar formation.Also,HARM stimulated the regeneration of cutaneous appendages and blood vessels,and reduced collagen fiber aggregation.Further study showed that these functions might be achieved via creating a fetal-like niche at the wound site.The levels of fetal wound healing-related genes,including Collagen III and TGFβ3 treated with HARM were all increased,while the expression levels of Collagen I,TGFβ1,and Engrailed 1 were decreased in the healing.Moreover,the number of stem cells was increased in the fetal-like niche created by HARM,which may contribute to the regeneration of cutaneous appendages.CONCLUSION Overall,we successfully developed an injectable hydrogel made from antler RM matrix for the regenerative repair of full-thickness cutaneous wounds.We uncovered the molecular mechanism of the hydrogels in promoting regenerative wound healing,and thus pave the way for HARM to be developed for the clinic use.

通过公共空间走向儿童友好城市——联合国人居署全球公共空间方案经验

一、序言到2022年,世界人口的57%(约44亿人)生活在城市,其中超过96%的增长出现在东亚、南亚和非洲的欠发达地区,这些地区的城市环境大多数是没有规划的,数百万城市儿童生活在贫民窟或生活环境欠佳的非正式住区。目前贫民窟人口超过10亿,其中约3.5亿是儿童;据估计,全球目前有超过1亿儿童居住或工作在街头。为了逃离暴力、歧视和冲突,越来越多的人涌入城市。也有很多人因气候变化不得已迁入城市。儿童在危机环境中成长,缺乏安全的游乐场和公共空间是常态,导致儿童只能寻找和使用不安全的边角空间来满足自我生存需求。

程序性坏死特异性抑制剂-1对呼吸机相关性肺损伤的保护作用

目的探讨程序性坏死特异性抑制剂-1(Nec-1)对呼吸机相关性肺损伤(VILI)大鼠的保护作用。方法将40只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为自主呼吸组(C组)、正常潮气量(VT)组(N组)、高VT组(H组)和Nec-1组共4组,每组10只。C组保持自主呼吸,N组、H组和Nec-1组分别给予8、40、40 mL/kg的VT行机械通气,Nec-1组在机械通气开始时静脉给予Nec-1(1 mg/kg)。通气4 h后收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)和肺组织标本,测定BALF中总细胞数、总蛋白水平、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1β及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。测定肺组织湿/干质量比值(W/D),HE染色观察肺组织病理学改变并进行肺组织评分;采用实时荧光定量反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)和蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot)分别检测肺组织中受体相互作用蛋白1(RIPK1)、RIPK3和核转录因子-κB p65(NF-κB p65)的m RNA及蛋白表达。结果 C组和N组大鼠BALF中和肺组织各指标差异均无统计学意义。H组大鼠BALF中总细胞数、总蛋白、炎性因子IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平、肺组织W/D比值、肺组织病理评分及肺组织内RIPK1、RIPK3、NF-κB p65的m RNA和蛋白相对表达水平较C组和N组明显升高(P<0.01)。与H组相比,Nec-1组大鼠BALF中和肺组织各指标水平下降(P<0.01)。结论 RIPK1/RIPK3/NF-κB信号传导通路参与大鼠VILI,Nec-1对大鼠VILI的肺脏具有一定的保护作用。

全身麻醉药对癌症转移、复发的影响研究进展

癌症是引起我国居民死亡的主要病因之一,手术是癌症的主要治疗方式,但麻醉药物及麻醉方法等麻醉策略、生理及心理应激均能影响癌症的预后。癌症患者在围术期暴露于各种全身麻醉药,可能会对癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等产生不同程度的影响。本文将阐述全身麻醉药对癌症转移与复发可能的影响及其机制,为更好地选择对患者影响小的全身麻醉药,提高患者术后生存提供理论依据。

七氟醚和丙泊酚对危重患儿肺功能影响的比较

目的观察七氟醚和丙泊酚对危重患儿肺功能的影响。方法选择行腹部手术合并肺炎危重患儿64例,男39例,女25例,日龄1~28 d,体重2~5 kg,ASAⅢ级。采用随机数字表法将患儿分为两组:七氟醚吸入麻醉组(S组)和丙泊酚静脉麻醉组(P组),每组32例。记录插管后30 min、术毕、术后6 h的氧合指数(OI)、肺泡动脉氧分压差(PA-aO_(2))、呼吸指数(RI)、血清髓系细胞表达触发受体-1(TREM-1)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)浓度。记录低氧血症、心律失常、严重感染、新生儿呼吸窘迫、无法纠正的低血压等围术期不良事件的发生情况。结果与插管后30 min比较,S组术毕、术后6 h OI明显升高,PA-aO_(2)和RI明显降低(P<0.05);P组术毕OI、术后6 h PA-aO_(2)明显降低(P<0.05)。与术毕比较,S组术后6 h OI明显升高,RI明显降低(P<0.05),P组术后6 h PA-aO_(2)明显降低(P<0.05)。与P组比较,术毕、术后6 h S组OI明显升高,RI明显降低,术后6 h PA-aO_(2)明显升高(P<0.05)。两组不同时点血清TREM-1浓度差异无统计学意义。与术毕比较,P组术后6 h血清IL-8浓度明显降低(P<0.05)。与P组比较,S组术毕、术后6 h血清IL-8浓度明显降低(P<0.05)。两组患儿均无围术期不良事件发生。结论与丙泊酚比较,七氟醚能够降低危重患儿血清炎性因子IL-8浓度,对危重患儿具有肺保护作用。

Ahmed阀植入联合超声乳化术治疗NVG合并白内障

目的:观察Ahmed阀植入联合超声乳化术治疗新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的疗效。方法:回顾性分析我院2015-04/2018-09收治的NVG合并白内障患者93例93眼的临床资料,玻璃体腔抗VEGF注药后行Ahmed阀植入术,根据术中是否联合超声乳化术分为联合组(41眼)与单阀组(52眼)。术后随访6mo以上,记录最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压及并发症发生情况,评定临床疗效。结果:末次随访时,联合组视力提高16眼(39%),不变11眼(27%),降低14眼(34%);单阀组视力提高15眼(29%),不变13眼(25%),降低24眼(46%),两组视力变化情况无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术前、玻璃体腔注药后、Ahmed阀植入术后1d,1wk,1mo眼压均无差异(P>0.05),但Ahmed阀植入术后3、6mo及末次随访时眼压均较术后1mo增高,且单阀组眼压高于联合组(P<0.05)。末次随访时,联合组绝对治愈率51%,条件治愈率22%,失败率27%,单阀组分别为44%、25%、31%,两组临床疗效无差异(P>0.05)。联合组和单阀组术后并发症总发生率无差异(51%vs 46%,P>0.05),联合组以炎性渗出(56%)为主,前房积血(46%)次之,单阀组以浅前房(35%)居多,其次为炎性渗出(31%)、前房积血(25%),两组间除浅前房、炎性渗出发生率有差异(P<0.05),其余并发症发生率均无差异(P>0.05),且无严重并发症。结论:Ahmed阀植入联合超声乳化术能有效控制眼压、改善视力,减少浅前房发生率,且便于眼底疾病后续诊疗,是NVG合并白内障的有效治疗方式。

Platelet count combined with right liver volume and spleen volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging for identifying cirrhosis and esophageal varices

AIM: To determine whether the combination of platelet count(PLT) with spleen volume parameters and right liver volume(RV) measured by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) could predict the Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhosis and esophageal varices(EV).METHODS: Two hundred and five cirrhotic patients with hepatitis B and 40 healthy volunteers underwent abdominal triphasic-enhancement MRI and laboratory examination of PLT in 109/L. Cirrhotic patients underwent endoscopy for detecting EV. Spleen maximal width(W), thickness(T) and length(L) in mm together with spleen volume(SV) and RV in mm3 were measured by MRI, and spleen volume index(SI) in mm3 was obtained by W × T × L. SV/PLT, SI/PLT and RV × PLT/SV(RVPS) were calculated and statistically analyzed to assess cirrhosis and EV.RESULTS: SV/PLT(r = 0.676) and SI/PLT(r = 0.707) increased, and PLT(r =-0.626) and RVPS(r =-0.802) decreased with the progress of Child-Pugh class(P < 0.001 for all). All parameters could determine the presence of cirrhosis, distinguish between each class of Child-Pugh class, and identify the presence of EV [the areas under the curve(AUCs) = 0.661-0.973]. A m o n g p a ra m e t e r s, R V P S c o u l d b e s t d e t e r m i n e presence and each class of cirrhosis with AUCs of 0.973 and 0.740-0.853, respectively; and SV/PLT could best identify EV with an AUC of 0.782.CONCLUSION: The combination of PLT with SV and RV could predict Child-Pugh class of liver cirrhosis and identify the presence of esophageal varices.

Proanthocyanidin B2 attenuates high-glucose-induced neurotoxicity of dorsal root ganglion neurons through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

High glucose affects primary afferent neurons in dorsal root ganglia by inhibiting neurite elongation,causing oxidative stress,and inducing neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction,which finally result in neuronal damage.Proanthocyanidin,a potent antioxidant,has been shown to have neuroprotective effects.Proanthocyanidin B2 is a common dimer of oligomeric proanthocyanidins.To date,no studies have reported the neuroprotective effects of proanthocyanidin B2 against high-glucose-related neurotoxicity in dorsal root ganglion neurons.In this study,10 μg/m L proanthocyanidin B2 was used to investigate its effect on 45 m M high-glucose-cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons.We observed that challenge with high levels of glucose increased neuronal reactive oxygen species and promoted apoptosis,decreased cell viability,inhibited outgrowth of neurites,and decreased growth-associated protein 43 protein and m RNA levels.Proanthocyanidin B2 administration reversed the neurotoxic effects caused by glucose challenge.Blockage of the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt signaling pathway with 10 μM LY294002 eliminated the protective effects of proanthocyanidin B2.Therefore,proanthocyanidin B2 might be a potential novel agent for the treatment of peripheral diabetic neuropathy.

Norcantharidin combined with ABT-737 for hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms

AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of norcantharidin(NCTD) combined with ABT-737 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the molecular mechanism. METHODS: Two hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell lines, Hep G2 and SMMC-7721, were selected. ABT-737 and NCTD were allocated into groups to be used alone or in combination. Hep G2 and SMMC-7721 cells were cultured in vitro. Liver cancer cells in the logarithmic phase of growth were vaccinated and cultured to the cell wall stage; these cells were treated for 48 h with different concentrations of NCTD, or ABT-737, or NCTD combined with ABT-737. The cell proliferation inhibition rate was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium. The expression of Mcl in HCC cells was detected by Western Blotting, and the cells in each group after treatment had apoptosis detected by flow cytometry. The proliferation inhibition rate, the expression of Mcl-1 in cells and the apoptosis inducing effect of treatment were observed in each group, and the effect of NCTD on ABT-737 in the treatment of HCC and its mechanism of action were analyzed.RESULTS: As the concentration of NCTD increased, the cell proliferation inhibition rate gradually decreased; and the treatment effect of ABT-737 1-3 μm combined with NCTD on cell proliferation inhibition was stronger than that of ABT-737 alone. The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). In observing the expression of Mcl-1 in cells after the treatment of different concentrations of NCTD, this was partiallyinhibited after treatment with NCTD 15 μm, and the expression of Mcl-1 was almost undetectable after treatment with NCTD 30 μm and 60 μm. The effect on inducing apoptosis with the treatment of ABT-737 or NCTD alone for 48 h was lower than that of the control group. The difference was not statistically significant(P > 0.05). The effect on inducing apoptosis in Hep G2 and SMMC-7721 cells with the treatment of ABT-737 combined with NCTD for 48 h was greater than that of ABT-737 or NCTD alone. The difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: NCTD combined with ABT-737 has a positive role in the treatment of HCC, and it has great value in clinical research.

火针膝周密刺法结合针刺治疗早中期膝骨关节炎患者的疗效分析

目的探究火针膝周密刺法结合针刺治疗早中期膝骨关节炎患者的疗效及对美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节评分和血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)的影响。方法选取2017年1月—2019年1月在乌鲁木齐市中医医院诊治的早中期膝骨关节炎患者100例,按随机数字表法分为实验组和对照组,每组50例。对照组行针刺治疗,实验组行火针膝周密刺法结合针刺治疗,两组均连续治疗2周。比较两组HSS评分、临床疗效、安全性及血清IL-1β、MMP-3水平。结果两组患者的功能、疼痛、肌力、活动度、屈膝畸形、稳定性评分及HSS总分在不同时间、不同组间及变化趋势上有差异(P<0.05)。实验组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。实验组治疗后血清IL-1β、MMP-3水平低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组治疗前后血清IL-1β、MMP-3的差值高于对照组(P<0.05)。所有患者治疗期间均未发生不良反应。结论火针膝周密刺法结合针刺治疗早中期膝骨关节炎患者安全可靠,能够缓解症状,改善膝关节功能,提高临床疗效,其机制可能与调节IL-1β、MMP-3水平有关。

Research progress of in-situ gelling ophthalmic drug delivery system

Blindness and vision impairment are the most devastating global health problems resulting in a substantial economic and social burden.Delivery of drug to particular parts of the anterior or posterior segment has been a major challenge due to various protective barriers and elimination mechanisms associated with the unique anatomical and physiological nature of the ocular system.Drug administration to the eye by conventional delivery systems results in poor ocular bioavailability(<5%).The designing of a novel approach for a safe,simple,and effective ocular drug delivery is a major concern and requires innovative strategies to combat the problem.Over the past decades,several novel approaches involving different strategies have been developed to improve the ocular delivery system.Among these,the ophthalmic in-situ gel has attained a great attention over the past few years.This review discussed and summarized the recent and the promising research progress of in-situ gelling in ocular drug delivery system.