Enhanced effect of plasma on catalytic reduction of CO2 to CO with hydrogen over Au/CeO2 at low temperature

In terms of the reaction of COreduction to CO with hydrogen, COconversion is very low at low temperature due to the limitation of thermodynamic equilibrium（TE）. To overcome this limitation, plasma catalytic reduction of COto CO in a catalyst-filled dielectric barrier discharge（DBD） reactor is studied. An enhanced effect of plasma on the reaction over Au/CeOcatalysts is observed. For both the conventionally catalytic（CC） and plasma catalytic（PC, Pin= 15 W） reactions under conditions of 400 °C, H/CO= 1,200 SCCM, GHSV = 12,000 mL·gcat·h, COconversions over Au/CeOreach 15.4% and 25.5% due to the presence of Au, respectively, however, those over CeOare extremely low and negligible. Moreover,COconversion over Au/CeOin the PC reaction exceeds 22.4% of the TE conversion. Surface intermediate species formed on the catalyst samples during the reactions are determined by in-situ temperatureprogrammed decomposition（TPD） technique. Interestingly, it disclosed that in the PC reaction, the formation of formate intermediate is enhanced by plasma, and the acceleration by plasma in the decomposition of formate species is much greater than that in the formation of formate species on Au/CeO. Enhancement factor is introduced to quantify the enhanced effect of plasma. Lower reactor temperature, higher gas hourly space velocity（GHSV）, and lower molar ratio of H/COwould be associated with larger enhancement factor.

Targeting Erbin in B cells for therapy of lung metastasis of colorectal cancer

The mechanisms and key factors involved in tumor environments for lung metastasis of CRC are still unclear.Here,using clinical samples from lung metastases of CRC patients,we found that intestinal immune network for IgA production was significantly dysregulated in lung metastases of CRC.Single-cell RNA sequencing discovered a subtype of B cells positive for Erbin,one member of the leucine-rich repeat and PDZ domain(LAP)family,was involved in the lung metastases.Erbin deletion in B cells suppressed lung metastasis of CRC in vivo.And,deletion of Erbin in B cells enhanced the killing effects of CD8+T cells on tumor cells.Mechanistically,Erbin knockout attenuated TGFp-mediated suppression of migration of CXCR5+lgA+cells and STAT6-mediated PD1 expression.Our study uncovered a key role of Erbin in regulating PD1+lgA+B cells in lung metastasis of CRC.Targeting Erbin as well as combined use of neutralizing B cells and antibodies neutralizing PD1 suppresses lung metastasis of CRC in mice,suggesting the potential option for treatment of lung metastasis of CRC.