Stability of the topological quantum critical point between multi-Weyl semimetal and band insulator

One could tune a topological double-Weyl semimetal or a topological triple-Weyl semimetal to become a topologically trivial insulator by opening a band gap.This kind of quantum phase transition is characterized by the change of certain topological invariant.A new gapless semimetallic state emerges at each topological quantum critical point.Here we perform a renormalization group analysis to investigate the stability of such critical points against perturbations induced by random scalar potential and random vector potential.We find that the quantum critical point between double-Weyl semimetal and band insulator is unstable and can be easily turned into a compressible diffusive metal by any type of weak disorder.The quantum critical point between triple-Weyl semimetal and band insulator flows to a stable strong-coupling fixed point if the system contains a random vector potential merely along the z-axis,but becomes a compressible diffusive metal when other types of disorders exist.

头针改善丙戊酸钠诱导的孤独症大鼠行为学及其机制研究

Objectives:To investigate the underlying mechanisms of scalp acupuncture treatment(SAT)on autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods:Thirty male Wistar rat pups that had been prenatally exposed to valproic acid sodium(VPA)were randomly divided into the VPA,VPA+acupoint,and VPA+non-acupoint groups using the random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.Ten pups who had been prenatally exposed to saline were assigned to the control group(CG).There was no intervention in either the control or VPA groups.In the acupoint group,"Shenting(GV24),"bilateral"Benshen(GB13)"were manipulated.In the non-acupoint group,the area below the costal space was stimulated.Acupuncture stimulation lasted for 40 min,with manual twisting of the needles every 10 min,5 days/week,with 2 days of rest per week,for a total duration of 4 weeks.After the corresponding treatments,behavioral tests(including the open field,social interaction,and Morris water maze tests)were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effects.RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the expression of neuregulin 1(NRG1)/ErbB4.Results:In the open field test,the activity time spent in the central area in the VPA+acupoint group was significantly longer than that in the VPA group and VPA+non-acupoint group(both P<0.05).The total length in the VPA+acupoint group was significantly longer than that in the VPA group(P<0.05).The number of bouts in the central area of the VPA+acupoint group was significantly higher than that of the VPA group(P<0.05).In session I of social interaction test,all experimental rats spent more time interacting with stranger 1(all P<0.05).In session Il,the CG and VPA+acupoint groups rats showed more interest in searching for new strangers,but the VPA+non-acupoint group spent more time interacting with stranger 1 than with stranger 2(all P<0.05).In the Morris water maze test,compared with the VPA group,the latency of the VPA+acupoint group was shorter(day 2,3,4,5,P<0.05);compared with VPA+acupoint group,the latency of the VPA+non-acupoint group was longer(day 2,4,P<0.05).The mean distance in the VPA+acupoint group was shorter than that in the VPA group(day 3,5,P<0.05).The platform quadrant time of the VPA+non-acupoint group was significantly shorter than that of the VPA+acupoint group(P<0.05)(day 6).The VPA+acupoint group had more platform crossings than the VPA group(P<0.05),and the VPA+non-acupoint group had fewer platform crossings than the VPA+acupoint group(P<0.05)(day 6).After SAT,the expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in the VPA+acupoint group were significantly increased than those in the VPA group(both P<0.05)in the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC).The expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in VPA+non-acupoint group were significantly less than those in the VPA+acupoint group(both P<0.05)in the mPFC.After SAT,the expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in the VPA+acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the VPA group(both P<0.05)in the hippocampus.The expression levels of NRG1 and ErbB4 proteins in the VPA+nonacupoint group were significantly lower than those in the VPA+acupoint group(both P<0.05)in the hippocampus.After SAT,the expression levels of mRNA levels of NRG1-ErbB4 in the mPFC and hippocampus in VPA+acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the VPA group(all P<0.05).The mRNA expression levels of NRG1-ErbB4 in the mPFC and hippocampus in VPA+non-acupoint group were significantly lower than those in the VPA+acupoint group(all P<0.05).Conclusions:Our results suggest that SAT can improve ASD-like behaviors in young rats in a VPA model of ASD.This may be related to its function in upregulating the expression of protein and gene of NRG1 and its receptor ErbB4 in the mPFC.

Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph with Triple-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Quantitation of Twelve Phenolic Components in Different Parts of Sarcandra glabra

Objective:The study objective was to determine phenolic components for the quality control(QC)of cultivated Sarcandra glabra(Thunb.)Makino(S.glabra).Materials and Methods:A sensitive,ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for the simultaneous determination of 12 phenolic components has been developed.Six caffeoylquinic acids,two caffeoylshikimic acids,and four flavanonol glucosides were selected for the comprehensive analysis of distribution in different parts(root,stem,and leaf).Results:Twelve phenolic components were linear in the concentration range of 0.005–5.0μg/mL(R^(2)>0.995).The relative standard deviation of intra-day and inter-day precision across three validation runs over the entire concentration range was<5%.The recovery determined was within 5%in terms of relative error.Our results showed that the 12 phenolic compounds were mainly distributed in leaves and stems far more than those in roots.Conclusions:This study provided an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatograph with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer quantitative method of 12 phenolic components for the QC of cultivated S.glabra.It was found that the phenolic components were significantly accumulated in the aerial parts(stems and leaves)of cultivated S.glabra.

SPHINGOLIPIDOMIC AND CYCLOPEPTIDOMIC STUDIES ON CORDYCEPS

Cordyceps is a precious Chinese medicine with various pharmacological activities.In 1995,a potent immunosuppressive active sphingolipid named myriocin was isolated from the culture broth of Isaria sinclairii.FTY720,a sphingolipid analogue modified from myriocin,has been developed into an important oral drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and organ transplantation.