The persimmon(Diospyros oleifera Cheng)genome provides new insights into the inheritance of astringency and ancestral evolution

Persimmon(Diospyros kaki)is an oriental perennial woody fruit tree whose popular fruit is produced and consumed worldwide.The persimmon fruit is unique because of the hyperaccumulation of proanthocyanidins during fruit development,causing the mature fruit of most cultivars to have an astringent taste.In this study,we obtained a chromosome-scale genome assembly for‘Youshi’(Diospyros oleifera,2n=2x=30),the diploid species of persimmon,by integrating Illumina sequencing,single-molecule real-time sequencing,and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture techniques.The assembled D.oleifera genome consisted of 849.53 Mb,94.14%(799.71 Mb)of which was assigned to 15 pseudochromosomes,and is the first assembled genome for any member of the Ebenaceae.Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the D.oleifera genome underwent an ancientγwhole-genome duplication event.We studied the potential genetic basis for astringency development(proanthocyanidin biosynthesis)and removal(proanthocyanidin insolublization).Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis genes were mainly distributed on chromosome 1,and the clustering of these genes is responsible for the genetic stability of astringency heredity.Genome-based RNA-seq identified deastringency genes,and promoter analysis showed that most of their promoters contained large numbers of low oxygen-responsive motifs,which is consistent with the efficient industrial application of high CO2 treatment to remove astringency.Using the D.oleifera genome as the reference,SLAF-seq indicated that‘Youshi’is one of the ancestors of the cultivated persimmon(2n=6x=90).Our study provides significant insights into the genetic basis of persimmon evolution and the development and removal astringency,and it will facilitate the improvement of the breeding of persimmon fruit.

The potential mechanism of prevention and treatment of COVID-19 by shufeng jiedu capsule was studied based on network pharmacology

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Shufeng Jiedu Capsule(SJC) for treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology. Methods: Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) was used to obtain the active components and targets information of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma Et Radix, Forsythiae Fructus, Istidis Radix, Radix Bupleuri, Herba Patriniae, Verbenae Herb, Phragmitis Rhizoma and licorice in SJC. The Genecards databases were used to obtain COVID-19 targets. The meridian tropisms of each herb in SJC were collected from ETCM Database.the proteins interations network were build by STRING database. The GO and KEGG pathways were analyzed by the computer R language. Results: SFC contains 8herbs, 176 compounds and the corresponding targets 237. 48 COVID-19 targets are treated by SJC. Such as IL-10, IL-6, PTGS1, PTGS2, GSK3B, STAT-1, IL-17 signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway may be potential targets and signaling pathways for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Conclusion: The COVID-19 cantreatmented the potential targets and signaling pathways by the SJC, and play the role of antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, balance immunity, antiviral and so on. It will provide strong support for the later stage experiment and clinical application of SJC.

A case study of Professor Li Ji's treatment of chest obstruction based on Xiaoyao Powder

Chest arthralgia refers to a disease characterized by chest pain, even chest pain, shortness of breath and inability to lie down. The disease is recurrent in clinical, causing great harm to the life of patients. In this paper, Professor Li Ji based on Xiaoyao Powder in the treatment of chest arthralgia two cases were analyzed, showing Professor Li Ji clinical treatment of chest arthralgia ideas and methods, in order to fill a corner for clinical treatment of chest arthralgia.

Clinical efficacy of HEGU needling method combined with tendon-stretching and plucking massage on trigger point in the treatment of acute thoracodorsal myofascitis

Objective:To observe the effect of Hegu neediling method combined with tendon-stretching and plucking massage on trigger point in the treatment of acute thoracodorsal myofascitis. Methods: A total of 84 patients with acute thoracodorsal myofascitis who met the diagnostic and inclusion criteria were assigned into the treatment group and the control group randomly, the treatment group was treated with Hegu neediling method combined with tendon-stretching and plucking massage, while the control group was treated with conventional electroacupuncture. Two groups of patients were treated for two weeks. VAS score and ODI were compared before treatment, after the first treatment and after the treatment course, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment.Results: The total effective rates of the treatment group and the control group were 97.62% and 80.95%, respectively. The treatment group was significantly better than the control group. The VAS and ODI scores of the treatment group decreased after the first treatment and the end of the treatment, and the treatment group was significantly better than the control group.Conclusion:Hegu neediling method combined with tendon-stretching and plucking massage can relieve pain and improve limb dysfunction in patients with acute thoracodorsal myofascitis.

PD-1 and PD-1L expression in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with chronic periodontitis and their correlation with the degree of inflammation

Objective:To study the PD-1 and PD-1L expression in peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with chronic periodontitis and their correlation with the degree of inflammation. Methods:A total of 58 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and 50 healthy volunteers receiving physical examination in our hospital between May 2012 and October 2015 were selected as the periodontitis group and the control group of the study respectively, the peripheral blood was collected to determine the PD-1 and PD-1L expression in T lymphocytes, and the gingival crevicular fluid and serum were determined to determine the content of inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and protease molecules.Results:PD-1 and PD-1L fluorescence intensity on peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocyte and CD8+T lymphocyte surface of periodontitis group were significantly higher than those of control group, and IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, MMP-1, MMP-7 and MMP-13 content in serum and gingival crevicular fluid were significantly higher than those of control group;PD-1 and PD-1L fluorescence intensity on peripheral blood CD4+T lymphocyte and CD8+T lymphocyte surface were positively correlated with IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, MMP-1, MMP-7 and MMP-13 content in serum and gingival crevicular fluid.Conclusion:Highly expressed PD-1 and PD-1L in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with chronic periodontitis can enhance the inflammatory response and promote the alveolar bone resorption and destruction through negative immunomodulatory effect.

Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonic Acids(Cl-PFESAs)Are Associated with Eye Diseases in Humans and Eye Toxicity in Zebrafish

Evidence from animal experiments has shown that chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acids(Cl-PFESAs)can induce vision dysfunction in zebrafish.However,environmental epidemiological evidence supporting this hypothesis remains limited.In our case−control study,samples collected from 270 individuals(135 controls and 135 cases)from the Isomers of C8 Health Project data were analyzed for Cl-PFESAs.We also repeated our analysis on zebrafish to support our findings in humans and to decipher the mechanism underlying Cl-PFESA eye toxicity.The serum levels of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)and alternatives were significantly higher in the cases than in the controls.Higher serum Cl-PFESA levels were associated with greater odds of eye diseases,and the trend showed a statistically significant dose-dependent relationship.The Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)value indicated that 8:2 Cl-PFESA was the dominant eye disease risk factor among the 13 studied PFASs.In zebrafish experiments,Cl-PFESAs induced eye toxicity in adult zebrafish by oxidative damage and cell apoptosis.Compared to the control group,there was significantly reduced thicknesses of the inner plexiform layer(IPL),outer plexiform layer(OPL),and retinal tissue in the zebrafish exposed to Cl-PFESAs.Our study provides human clinical and animal experimental data,showing that exposure to PFASs increases the odds of the development of eye toxicity.

Androgen Receptor Promotes Lung Cancer Metastasis by Modifying the miR23a-3p/EPHB2 Pathway

Objective This study aimed to investigate the reasons behind the lower survival rates in male lung cancer patients than in female lung cancer patients.Methods Through various techniques,such as Argonaute immunoprecipitation,luciferase assays,and ChIP,this study confirmed the positive effects of androgen receptor(AR)on lung cancer cell invasion across different in vitro cell lines and in vivo mouse models.Results The findings suggest that AR enhanced the invasion of lung cancer cells by modifying EPHB2 signals at the protein expression level,which in turn required changes in miRNA-23a-3p.Restoring miRNA-23a-3p could counteract the intensified invasion of lung cancer cells mediated by AR.Conclusion This study revealed that AR may facilitate the lung cancer matastasis by modulating miRNA-23a-3p/EPHB2 signaling and that targeting this signaling pathway could provide new approaches to inhibit lung cancer metastasis.