Exploring the Application Effect of Flipped Classroom Combined with Problem-Based Learning Teaching Method in Clinical Skills Teaching of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.

Methods for fatigue-life estimation:A review of the current status and future trends

With the development of modern industry and ever more complex structural loads,the possibility of fatigue failure is increasing.Fatigue analysis can be used to evaluate the service life of components and reduce the probability of accidents.Therefore,the development and application of fatigue-analysis technology have important research significance.This paper collects information from a wide field of literature and summarizes the current status of fatigue-analysis research.It covers related theoretical knowledge,fatigue-life prediction methods,and fatigue design methods and their application scenarios,and it summarizes the challenges and research hotspots in the field.On the basis of this examination,future development directions of fatigue-life prediction methods are proposed.The conclusions will have a certain guiding role in the development of fatigue-analysis methods.

Thermodynamic modeling and phase diagram prediction of salt lake brine systems.Ⅰ. Aqueous Mg^2+–Ca^2+–Cl^- binary and ternary systems

Salt lake brine is a complex salt-water system under natural environment.Although many models can express the thermodynamic properties and phase equilibrium of electrolyte aqueous solution,the multi-temperature characteristics and predictability are still the goals of model development.In this study,a comprehensive thermodynamic model system is re-established based on the eNRTL model and some improvements:(1) new expression of long-range electrostatic term with symmetrical reference state is proposed to handle the electrolyte solution covering entire concentration range;(2) the temperature dependence of the binary interaction parameters is formulated with a Gibbs Helmholtz expression containing three temperature coefficients,the liquid parameters,which associated with Gibbs energy,enthalpy,and heat capacity contribution;and(3) liquid parameters and solid species data are regressed from properties and solubility data at full temperature range.Together the activity coefficient model,property models and parameters of liquid and solid offer a comprehensive thermodynamic model system for the typical bittern of MgCl2-CaCl2-H2 O binary and ternary systems,and it shows excellent agreement with the literature data for the ternary and binary systems.The successful prediction of complete phase diagram of ternary system shows that the model has the ability to deal with high concentration and high non-idealitv system,and the ability to extrapolate the temperature.

Integrated system of comprehensive utilizing the concentrated brine of Yuncheng salt-lake basing on salt-forming diagram

The comprehensive utilization and environment-friendliness of processes for recovering fresh water or valuable salt from seawater, salt-lakes, or mineral deposits are of utmost importance for sustainable development.One primitive sustainable process for recovering salt from sodium-sulfate-type brine in Yuncheng salt lake had been considered one of the greatest inventions of ancient China, however, the replaced process of mass extraction of single Na_2SO_4 in recent years, has reduced a large amount of residual brine.In this research, relying on the salt-forming diagram in the non-equilibrium state, the technical secrets of ancient salt processes were uncovered, and a new comprehensive utilization system was proposed and tested experimentally.The new system includes a vacuum salt-making process and a normal pressure kieserite process, which can gradually eliminate the existed waste liquid and aid in the sustainable development of the Yuncheng salt-lake.The continuous experiment of salt-making process running stably in the double salt region without double salt formation, which proves the feasibility of salt-forming diagram applied in industrial process.Thus salt-forming diagram would be extremely valuable to industry process design and control, especially, the treatment of concentrated brine.

In-situ fabrication of carbon compound NiFeMo-P anchored on nickel foam as bi-functional catalyst for boosting overall water splitting

The efficient non-noble metal-based bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)has attracted great interest,which is highly significant to enhance the efficiency of hydrogen production from water electrolysis.Herein,inspired by the appropriate hydrogen adsorption free energy of transition metal alloy and the strong corrosion resistance of phosphide in alkaline electrolyte,carbon compound NiFeMo-P anchored on nickel foam(NiFeMo-P-C)is obtained by simple one-pot hydrothermal and subsequent hydrogen reduction treatment.Remarkably,the NiFeMo-P-C exhibits excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic performances toward HER and OER with low overpotentials of 87 and 196 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2),respectively.Moreover,the electrolyzer using NiFeMo-P-C as both cathode and anode only requires a cell voltage of 1.50 V to reach a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2),along with an outstanding long-term stability for 50 h.The synergistic effect among alloys and phosphide,partially broken hollow morphology and porous nickel foam substrate jointly impart NiFeMo-P-C high electrocatalytic activity and superior durability.