Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.It is divided into three different groups according to its color.α-Carotene and β-carotene are the main determinants to distinguish the color dif...Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.It is divided into three different groups according to its color.α-Carotene and β-carotene are the main determinants to distinguish the color differences between three groups.However,the dominant genes and transcription factors involved in carotenoid metabolism remain unclear.CPTA treatment(0.7mmol·L−1)remarkably promoted lycopene,α-carotene and β-carotene contents in flowers.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that CPTA treatment could trigger chain reactions in carotenoid metabolism pathway genes.Four up-regulated and 10 down-regulated transcription factors which have close association with carotenoid variation were significantly induced by CPTA treatment.The up-regulated TFs such as MYB43,MYB123,HSF,were further subjected to transcript expression determination in different cultivars with drastic colors.Among them,transcript expression of four up-regulated TFs coincided with the carotenoid accumulation in different cultivars.We selected up-regulated OfMYB43 to verify its function,which is related to stress tolerance and transcriptional regulation.Transient overexpression of OfMYB43 in O.fragrans flowers showed that it could remarkably promote the expression of PDS,ZISO,LCYE and CCD4,leading to increased accumulation of β-branch carotenoids.OfMYB43 was a potential positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in O.fragrans flowers.This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in O.fragrans.展开更多
Osmanthus fragrans is a well-known ornamental plant that has been domesticated in China for 2500 years.More than 160 cultivars have been found during this long period of domestication,and they have subsequently been d...Osmanthus fragrans is a well-known ornamental plant that has been domesticated in China for 2500 years.More than 160 cultivars have been found during this long period of domestication,and they have subsequently been divided into four cultivar groups,including the Yingui,Jingui,Dangui,and Sijigui groups.These groups provide a set of materials to study genetic evolution and variability.Here,we constructed a reference genome of O.fragrans‘Liuyejingui’in the Jingui group and investigated its floral color traits and domestication history by resequencing a total of 122 samples,including 119 O.fragrans accessions and three other Osmanthus species,at an average sequencing depth of 15×.The population structure analysis showed that these 119 accessions formed an apparent regional cluster.The results of linkage disequilibrium(LD)decay analysis suggested that varieties with orange/red flower color in the Dangui group had undergone more artificial directional selection;these varieties had the highest LD values among the four groups,followed by the Sijigui,Jingui,and Yingui groups.Through a genome-wide association study,we further identified significant quantitative trait loci and genomic regions containing several genes,such as ethylene-responsive transcription factor 2 and Arabidopsis pseudoresponse regulator 2,that are positively associated with petal color.Moreover,we found a frameshift mutation with a 34-bp deletion in the first coding region of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 gene.This frameshift mutation existed in at least one site on both alleles in all varieties of the Dangui group.The results from this study shed light on the genetic basis of domestication in woody plants,such as O.fragrans.展开更多
Although coal fly ash(CFA)contains a high content of rare earth elements(REEs),the related extraction methods have limitations because of their low efficiencies,high levels of energy consumption,and other drawbacks.To...Although coal fly ash(CFA)contains a high content of rare earth elements(REEs),the related extraction methods have limitations because of their low efficiencies,high levels of energy consumption,and other drawbacks.To address these problems,in this study,we examined the coextraction of REEs and Al_(2)O_(3)from two types of Al_(2)O_(3)-rich CFA,pulverized CFA(PCFA)and circulating fluidized bed fly ash(CFBFA)using low-temperature calcination in the presence of K_(2)S_(2)O_(7).The total REEs,heavy REEs(HREEs),and light REEs(LREEs)extraction efficiencies were determined using different K_(2)S_(2)O_(7)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratios and calcination temperatures and correlated with the Al_(2)O_(3) extraction efficiency using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.The REEs are concentrated within CFA particles encapsulated in an aluminosilicate glass phase,and the REEs extraction efficiency is related to the form of Al in CFA.The extraction efficiencies of Al_(2)O_(3) and REEs increase as the K_(2)S_(2)O_(7)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratio and calcination temperature increase,and the extraction selectivity of the more industrially valuable HREEs from CFBFA is higher.At high K_(2)S_(2)O_(7)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratios,the extraction of REEs from PCFA is more efficient than that from CFBFA with the regeneration of the highly active Al-O-Si bonds in CFBFA.The Al_(2)O_(3) extraction efficiencies of PCFA as well as CFBFA correlate strongly with the total REEs,HREEs,and LREEs extraction efficiencies.The developed extraction technology has the potential to promote CFA valorization and expand REEs resources,thus mitigating the bottlenecks of REEs procurement.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(Grant No.2013PY088).
文摘Osmanthus fragrans is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China.It is divided into three different groups according to its color.α-Carotene and β-carotene are the main determinants to distinguish the color differences between three groups.However,the dominant genes and transcription factors involved in carotenoid metabolism remain unclear.CPTA treatment(0.7mmol·L−1)remarkably promoted lycopene,α-carotene and β-carotene contents in flowers.Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that CPTA treatment could trigger chain reactions in carotenoid metabolism pathway genes.Four up-regulated and 10 down-regulated transcription factors which have close association with carotenoid variation were significantly induced by CPTA treatment.The up-regulated TFs such as MYB43,MYB123,HSF,were further subjected to transcript expression determination in different cultivars with drastic colors.Among them,transcript expression of four up-regulated TFs coincided with the carotenoid accumulation in different cultivars.We selected up-regulated OfMYB43 to verify its function,which is related to stress tolerance and transcriptional regulation.Transient overexpression of OfMYB43 in O.fragrans flowers showed that it could remarkably promote the expression of PDS,ZISO,LCYE and CCD4,leading to increased accumulation of β-branch carotenoids.OfMYB43 was a potential positive regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in O.fragrans flowers.This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of carotenoid metabolism in O.fragrans.
基金supported by research grants provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31600569 and 31700617)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2017CFB235)+1 种基金the Nuclear Technology Innovation team project of Hubei University of Science and Technology(H2019002)the Science and Technology Project of Xianning(2020NYYF02)。
文摘Osmanthus fragrans is a well-known ornamental plant that has been domesticated in China for 2500 years.More than 160 cultivars have been found during this long period of domestication,and they have subsequently been divided into four cultivar groups,including the Yingui,Jingui,Dangui,and Sijigui groups.These groups provide a set of materials to study genetic evolution and variability.Here,we constructed a reference genome of O.fragrans‘Liuyejingui’in the Jingui group and investigated its floral color traits and domestication history by resequencing a total of 122 samples,including 119 O.fragrans accessions and three other Osmanthus species,at an average sequencing depth of 15×.The population structure analysis showed that these 119 accessions formed an apparent regional cluster.The results of linkage disequilibrium(LD)decay analysis suggested that varieties with orange/red flower color in the Dangui group had undergone more artificial directional selection;these varieties had the highest LD values among the four groups,followed by the Sijigui,Jingui,and Yingui groups.Through a genome-wide association study,we further identified significant quantitative trait loci and genomic regions containing several genes,such as ethylene-responsive transcription factor 2 and Arabidopsis pseudoresponse regulator 2,that are positively associated with petal color.Moreover,we found a frameshift mutation with a 34-bp deletion in the first coding region of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4 gene.This frameshift mutation existed in at least one site on both alleles in all varieties of the Dangui group.The results from this study shed light on the genetic basis of domestication in woody plants,such as O.fragrans.
基金Project supported by the Liaoning Education Department(LJKZ0348,LJKMZ20220682)Liaoning Science and Technology Department(2021JH1/10400018)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1803800)。
文摘Although coal fly ash(CFA)contains a high content of rare earth elements(REEs),the related extraction methods have limitations because of their low efficiencies,high levels of energy consumption,and other drawbacks.To address these problems,in this study,we examined the coextraction of REEs and Al_(2)O_(3)from two types of Al_(2)O_(3)-rich CFA,pulverized CFA(PCFA)and circulating fluidized bed fly ash(CFBFA)using low-temperature calcination in the presence of K_(2)S_(2)O_(7).The total REEs,heavy REEs(HREEs),and light REEs(LREEs)extraction efficiencies were determined using different K_(2)S_(2)O_(7)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratios and calcination temperatures and correlated with the Al_(2)O_(3) extraction efficiency using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis.The REEs are concentrated within CFA particles encapsulated in an aluminosilicate glass phase,and the REEs extraction efficiency is related to the form of Al in CFA.The extraction efficiencies of Al_(2)O_(3) and REEs increase as the K_(2)S_(2)O_(7)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratio and calcination temperature increase,and the extraction selectivity of the more industrially valuable HREEs from CFBFA is higher.At high K_(2)S_(2)O_(7)/Al_(2)O_(3) molar ratios,the extraction of REEs from PCFA is more efficient than that from CFBFA with the regeneration of the highly active Al-O-Si bonds in CFBFA.The Al_(2)O_(3) extraction efficiencies of PCFA as well as CFBFA correlate strongly with the total REEs,HREEs,and LREEs extraction efficiencies.The developed extraction technology has the potential to promote CFA valorization and expand REEs resources,thus mitigating the bottlenecks of REEs procurement.