The critical role of carbon in marrying silicon and graphite anodes for high-energy lithium-ion batteries

Increasing the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is important for satisfying the demands of electric vehicles and advanced electronics.Silicon is considered as one of the most-promising anodes to replace the traditional graphite anode for the realization of high-energy LIBs due to its extremely high theoretical capacity,although its severe volume changes during lithiation/delithiation have led to a big challenge for practical application.In contrast,the co-utilization of Si and graphite has been well recognized as one of the preferred strategies for commercialization in the near future.In this review,we focus on different carbonaceous additives,such as carbon nanotubes,reduced graphene oxide,and pyrolyzed carbon derived from precursors such as pitch,sugars,heteroatom polymers,and so forth,which play an important role in constructing micrometersized hierarchical structures of silicon/graphite/carbon(Si/G/C)composites and tailoring the morphology and surface with good structural stability,good adhesion,high electrical conductivity,high tap density,and good interface chemistry to achieve high capacity and long cycling stability simultaneously.We first discuss the importance and challenge of the co-utilization of Si and graphite.Then,we carefully review and compare the improved effects of various types of carbonaceous materials and their associated structures on the electrochemical performance of Si/G/C composites.We also review the diverse synthesis techniques and treatment methods,which are also significant factors for optimizing Si/G/C composites.Finally,we provide a pertinent evaluation of these forms of carbon according to their suitability for commercialization.We also make far-ranging suggestions with regard to the selection of proper carbonaceous materials and the design of Si/G/C composites for further development.

Study on Lignite-Blended Burning Technology in the 1025t/h Bituminous Boiler

Due to a serious shortage of the coal in Tonghua, a retrofit solution of mixing warm flue gas extracted from reversing chamber into the coal pulverizing system and cold air into the hot air coal pulverizing system is proposed so as to reduce oxygen content. At the end of the pulverizing system and medium temperature of the conveying system, dual-channel combustion burner is transformed into horizontal bias combustion burner. The measurement results show that 50% ratio of lignite blended in the 1025t/h bituminous boiler is feasibility. It is also an important technology to reduce NOx pollutant emission.

BioTreasury:a community-based repository enabling indexing and rating of bioinformatics tools

The exponential growth of bioinformatics tools in recent years has posed challenges for scientists in selecting the most suitable one for their data analysis assignments.Therefore,to aid scientists in making informed choices,a community-based platform that indexes and rates bioinformatics tools is urgently needed.In this study,we introduce Bio Treasury(http://biotreasury.rjmart.cn),an integrated communitybased repository that provides an interactive platform for users and developers to share their experiences in various bioinformatics tools.Bio Treasury offers a comprehensive collection of well-indexed bioinformatics software,tools,and databases,totaling over 10,000 entries.In the past two years,we have continuously improved and maintained Bio Treasury,adding several exciting features,including creating structured homepages for every tool and user,a hierarchical category of bioinformatics tools and classifying tools using large language model(LLM).Bio Treasury streamlines the tool submission process with intelligent auto-completion.Additionally,Bio Treasury provides a wide range of social features,for example,enabling users to participate in interactive discussions,rate tools,build and share tool collections for the public.We believe Bio Treasury can be a valuable resource and knowledge-sharing platform for the biomedical community.It empowers researchers to effectively discover and evaluate bioinformatics tools,fostering collaboration and advancing bioinformatics research.

Protein amplification technology:New advances in human prion disease diagnosis

Early and accurate diagnosis of human prion diseases is a long-standing difficulty.Currently,the definitive diagnosis of human prion diseases relies on pathognomonic histological features or PrPSc detection of patients'brain tissue biopsy or autopsy samples,which is not feasible in most cases.Therefore,clinical diagnosis mainly relies on the combinations of the patient’s clinical symptoms.MRI and EEG are used to check for brain damage and detect surrogate markers such as the 14-3-3 protein in Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),but this is often challenging.In recent years,the development of in vitro cell-free conversion techniques,such as technologies protein misfolding cyclic amplification(PMCA)and real-time quaking-induced conversion(RT-QuIC),have extensively promoted the diagnosis of human prion diseases.PMCA has high diagnostic accuracy in the blood,CSF,and urine samples of variant creutzfeldt–jakob disease(vCJD)patients.Again,RT-QuIC has high diagnostic accuracy for cerebrospinal fluid,olfactory mucosa,and skin samples of sporadic Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease(sCJD)patients.Applying these two technologies is of great significance to the early clinical diagnosis of human prion diseases and the reduction of blood-borne and iatrogenic transmission of prion.