化妆品植物原料(Ⅶ)——抗真菌的植物原料的研究与开发

文章介绍了皮肤真菌及其相关皮肤疾病,总结了植物提取物的抗真菌作用机理及其相应作用靶点。植物中具有抗真菌的活性成分主要为酚类、生物碱、黄酮、萜类、甾体和精油等。这些植物抗真菌活性成分的作用机制主要通过破坏真菌细胞壁和细胞膜结构而产生抗真菌功效:破坏细胞壁结构的作用靶点是抑制β-葡聚糖合酶、几丁质合酶和甘露聚糖合酶活性;作用于细胞膜的靶点是细胞膜的结构组分麦角甾醇和鞘脂,通过抑制其相关合成酶麦角甾醇合酶、丝氨酸软脂酰辅酶A转移酶、神经酰胺合酶和肌糖磷脂酰神经酰胺合酶,以及直接靶向结合麦角甾醇和鞘脂来破坏真菌细胞膜结构;另外,酚类、生物碱、黄酮、萜类和精油也可以靶向作用于线粒体,通过诱导活性氧积累、抑制ATP合成和质子泵,破坏线粒体呼吸和代谢系统,而产生抗真菌作用。文章通过对植物中的不同抗真菌活性成分和作用机制的阐述,希望能为抗真菌植物原料在化妆品中的开发提供借鉴,更好地维持皮肤健康。

Development of multi-functional anchorage support dynamic-static coupling performance test system and its application

In underground engineering with complex conditions,the bolt(cable)anchorage support system is in an environment where static and dynamic stresses coexist,under the action of geological conditions such as high stresses and strong disturbances and construction conditions such as the application of high prestress.It is essential to study the support components performance under dynamic-static coupling conditions.Based on this,a multi-functional anchorage support dynamic-static coupling performance test system(MAC system)is developed,which can achieve 7 types of testing functions,including single component performance,anchored net performance,anchored rock performance and so on.The bolt and cable mechanical tests are conducted by MAC system under different prestress levels.The results showed that compared to the non-prestress condition,the impact resistance performance of prestressed bolts(cables)is significantly reduced.In the prestress range of 50–160 k N,the maximum reduction rate of impact energy resisted by different types of bolts is 53.9%–61.5%compared to non-prestress condition.In the prestress range of 150–300 k N,the impact energy resisted by high-strength cable is reduced by76.8%–84.6%compared to non-prestress condition.The MAC system achieves dynamic-static coupling performance test,which provide an effective means for the design of anchorage support system.

TORCH Infection Status in Women of Childbearing Age in China:A Meta-Analysis

Objective:This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of comprehensive information on the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis(TOX),rubella virus(RV),cytomegalovirus(CMV),and herpes simplex(HSV)also known as TORCH infection in women of childbearing age.Besides,the positive rates of TORCH-Immunoglobulin G(TORCH-IgG)and Immunoglobulin M(IgM)antibodies in women of childbearing age in different regions of China were statistically analyzed,so as to highlight the issue of TORCH infection in women of childbearing age.Methods:A total of 12,694 articles were retrieved by keyword searching.The works were screened according to the inclusion criteria,and 25 studies were included totaling 531,617 women of childbearing age.The OpenMeta[Analyst]software was used to perform a heterogeneity test,and a random-effects model was used for system analysis.Results:The results of the meta-analysis showed that the positive rates of TORCH-IgG antibodies in women of childbearing age nationwide were 3.2%for TOX-IgG,73.4%for RV-IgG,73.8%for CMV-IgG,and 57.4%for HSV-IgG.The positive rates of IgM antibody infection in TORCH were 1.3%for TOX-IgM,6.1%for RV-IgM,9.5%for CMV-IgM,7.6%for HSV-IgM,2.0%for HSV-1-IgM,and 1.9%for HSV-2-IgM.All meta-analyses had I2≥98%and P<0.001,which meant that the results were statistically significant.Conclusions:A meta-analysis of the positive rates of IgG and IgM antibodies of TORCH infection in women of childbearing age found that the early infection rate of HSV was the highest,and the previous infection rate of RV was the highest.This result can provide epidemiological basis for the prevention and treatment of TORCH infection.

Observation of the early blood vessels of cutaneous malignant melanoma using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography A ngiography(SS-OCTA)

Melanoma,characterized by high mortality,rapid development and accompanied with angio-genesis is the most typical malignant tumor in skin cancer.Hence,the detection of blood vessels is of much significanoe.The early vascular network has small scale.If we remove the tumor early and biopsy it,it will increase the spread of the cancer cells and infection and bleeding.In this case,we presented a new angiography method.A high-resolution OCT system for noninvasive an-giographic imaging of early skin melanoma-Swept Source Optical Coberence Tomography Angiography(SS-OCTA)is proposed.With a high lateral resolution of 10pm in vrivo tomographic angiography,SS-OCTA is used to image and identify the morphology of the early tumor blood vessels.In addition,a control group experiment is conducted to observe the growth of melanoma in the process of rupture,malormation of micro-vessels.The results of the analysis and statistical test(P<0.05)are statistically signifcant.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FOR BLADDER CANCER DIAGNOSIS:FROM ANIMAL STUDY TO CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS

This paper summarizes the recent technological development in our lab on cystoscopic optical coherence tomography(COCT)by integrating time-domain OCT(TDOCT)and spectral-domain OCT(SDOCT)with advanced MEMS-mirror technology for endoscopic laser scanning imaging.The COCT catheter can be integrated into the instrument channel of a commercial 22Fr rigid cystoscopic sheath for in vivo imaging of human bladder under the cystosocopic visual guidance;the axial/transverse resolutions of the COCT catheter are roughly 9μm and 12μm,respectively,and 2D COCT imaging can be performed with over 110dB dynamic range at 4–8 fps.To examine the utility and potential limitations of OCT for bladder cancer diagnosis,systemic ex vivo rat bladder carcinogenesis studies were performed to follow various morphological changes induced by tumor growth and in vivo porcine study was performed to examine the feasibility of COCT for in vivo imaging.Justified by promising results of the animal studies,preliminary clinical study was conducted on patients scheduled for operating-room cystoscopy for bladder cancers.Double-blind clinical results reveal that COCT can delineate detailed bladder architectures(e.g.,urothelium,lamina propria,muscularis)at high resolution and detect bladder cancers based on enhanced urothelial heterogeneity as a result of excessive growing nature of bladder cancers.The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity can be enhanced to 92%and 85%,respectively.Results also suggest that due to reduced imaging depth of COCT in cancerous lesions,staging of bladder cancers may be limited to Ta or T1 for non-outgrowing cancerous lesions.

基于疏水离子配对法制备奥曲肽缓释微球的研究

奥曲肽(OCT)在临床上常被用于治疗肢端肥大症、胃泌素瘤等神经内分泌肿瘤以及食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血等疾病,应用广泛。由于OCT半衰期较短,对于治疗肢端肥大症等需要长期用药的疾病,患者需要频繁给药,这导致顺应性差,因此亟须开发一种能够提高病人依从性的长效缓释制剂。此外,奥曲肽是极易溶于水的小分子多肽药物,在制备微球的过程中易逃逸至外水相,导致微球载药量和包埋率低。本工作采用疏水离子配对(HIP)法制备了HIP-OCT复合物,考察了电荷比、pH值、温度对复合物结合率的影响,并对复合物的水溶性、解离率进行检测,从四种复合物中筛选出结合率93.77%,水溶性9.31%,解离率92.10%的十二烷基硫酸钠-奥曲肽(SDS-OCT)为最优复合物。该复合物改变了OCT的亲水性,克服了OCT在传统复乳法中包埋率低的难点。采用O_(1)/O_(2)/W复乳法结合快速膜乳化技术,在抽负压固化、药物浓度80 mg/mL、聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)浓度200 mg/mL的条件下制备了均一SDS-OCT复合物PLGA微球,粒径为28.02μm,Span值为0.776,载药量为6.51%,包埋率为72.00%。制备的SDS-OCT复合物微球体外加速释放基本符合零级释放的趋势,累计释放度接近100%;体内药效实验表明该微球在一个月内具有稳定的长效缓释作用。

Cobalt-doped NiMoO_(4) nanosheet for high-performance flexible supercapacitor

1.Introduction Due to the excessive consumption of traditional fossil fuels and the increasing worsening of environment problem,it is imperious to develop some high-performance energy conversion and storage devices[1-4].Supercapacitors,as an efficient and green energy storage system,possess high power density and long cycle life[5].However,the poor electron conductivity and low energy density limit their wide applications.It is well known that electrochemical performance is largely affected by the structure and preparation method of the material.Therefore,it is necessary to design and develop some ideal electrode materials through effective strategies.