Neural-Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Automatic Steering Control of Vision-based Unmanned Electric Vehicles

This paper presents a novel neural-fuzzy-based adaptive sliding mode automatic steering control strategy to improve the driving performance of vision-based unmanned electric vehicles with time-varying and uncertain parameters.Primarily,the kinematic and dynamic models which accurately express the steering behaviors of vehicles are constructed,and in which the relationship between the look-ahead time and vehicle velocity is revealed.Then,in order to overcome the external disturbances,parametric uncertainties and time-varying features of vehicles,a neural-fuzzy-based adaptive sliding mode automatic steering controller is proposed to supervise the lateral dynamic behavior of unmanned electric vehicles,which includes an equivalent control law and an adaptive variable structure control law.In this novel automatic steering control system of vehicles,a neural network system is utilized for approximating the switching control gain of variable structure control law,and a fuzzy inference system is presented to adjust the thickness of boundary layer in real-time.The stability of closed-loop neural-fuzzy-based adaptive sliding mode automatic steering control system is proven using the Lyapunov theory.Finally,the results illustrate that the presented control scheme has the excellent properties in term of error convergence and robustness.

The Effect of Acupuncture Point Therapy on Insomnia:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Born in a society where traditional as well as modern medication is used equally on daily basis,it is puzzling yet intriguing to find how,albeit the lack of scientific evidence,the traditional ways are widely adopted in every Chinese family.Various studies are conducted in search for the mechanisms as well as the relative effectiveness of the traditional acupoint therapy as opposed to the Western medicines,yet individually viewing,it is hard to reach a conclusion.Therefore,a meta-analysis is done by collecting and analyzing results from research from multiple reliable databases,trying to determine the strength of acupoint therapy in treating insomnia,a common yet frustrating disease.In this meta-analysis,the methods and results of 13 studies are included,all of which focus on treating primary or secondary(specific causes are analyzed in subgroups)insomnia in humans using randomized control trials.After being selected from four main medical databases,including PubMed,Embase,Psycinfo,and Wanfang,the data were sorted and processed using the Reviewing Manager.Papers that lack credibility or have a low level of relevance were excluded,and the remaining studies showed that all experimental groups using real acupoints yielded a statistically significant improvement in sleep quality in the patients than those in the control group,and finally,a conclusion is drawn that the acupuncture therapy is as,if not more,effective as modern western medicine on treating insomnia.

Effects of dual antiplatelet therapy de-escalation on the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome patients at high risk of ischemia who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention

To the Editor:Current guidelines recommend that for patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT),preferably involving powerful P2Y_(12) receptor inhibitors,including ticagrelor or prasugrel,should be used for at least 12 months.^([1–3])However,there is a lack of relevant evidence regarding the feasibility of de-escalation treatment and specific DAPT treatment regimens for ACS patient populations with high ischemic risk.

B-cell-derived IL-10 promotes allergic sensitization in asthma regulated by Bcl-3

Aeroallergen sensitization,mainly mediated by lung epithelium and dendritic cells(DCs),is integral to allergic asthma pathogenesis and progression.IL-10 has a dual role in immune responses,as it inhibits myeloid cell activation but promotes B-cell responses and epithelial cell proliferation.Here,we report a proinflammatory function of B-cell-derived IL-10 modulated by Bcl-3 in allergic asthma.Specifically,Bcl-3^(−/−)mice showed elevated IL-10 levels and were found to be highly vulnerable to allergic asthma induced by house dust mites(HDMs).IL-10 had a positive correlation with the levels of the DC chemoattractant CCL-20 in HDM-sensitized mice and in patients with asthma and induced a selective increase in CCL-20 production by mouse lung epithelial cells.Blockade of IL-10 or IL-10 receptors during sensitization dampened both HDM-induced sensitization and asthma development.IL-10 levels peaked 4 h post sensitization with HDM and IL-10 was primarily produced by B cells under Bcl-3–Blimp-1–Bcl-6 regulation.Mice lacking B-cell-derived IL-10 displayed decreased lung epithelial CCL-20 production and diminished DC recruitment to the lungs upon HDM sensitization,thereby demonstrating resistance to HDM-induced asthma.Moreover,responses to HDM stimulation in Bcl-3^(−/−)mice lacking B-cell-derived IL-10 were comparable to those in Bcl-3^(+/+)mice.The results revealed an unexpected role of B-cell-derived IL-10 in promoting allergic sensitization and demonstrated that Bcl-3 prevents HDM-induced asthma by inhibiting B-cell-derived IL-10 production.Thus,targeting the Bcl-3/IL-10 axis to inhibit allergic sensitization is a promising approach for treating allergic asthma.