Graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs)are promising candidate materials for developing next-generation flexible organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).However,the quest for high-efficiency OLEDs is hindere...Graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs)are promising candidate materials for developing next-generation flexible organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).However,the quest for high-efficiency OLEDs is hindered by the low light-extraction and charge injection efficiencies of graphene electrode.Here,we combine the frustrated Lewis pair doping with nanostructure engineering to obtain high-performance graphene FTE.A p-type dopant aci-nitromethane-tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane(ANBCF)was synthesized and deposited on graphene FTE to form an aperiodic nanostructure,which not only improves the light-extraction but also stably p-dopes graphene to enhance its hole injection.The use of ANBCF-doped graphene as the anode enables high-efficiency flexible green OLEDs with external quantum efficiency(EQE)and power efficiency(PE)out-performing most flexible graphene OLEDs of comparable structure.This study provides a simple and effective pathway to fabricate high-performance graphene FTEs for efficient flexible OLEDs.展开更多
Coking industry is an important volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emission source in China,however,detailed information on VOCs emissions is lacking.Therefore,we selected a typical mechanized coking plant and collected...Coking industry is an important volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emission source in China,however,detailed information on VOCs emissions is lacking.Therefore,we selected a typical mechanized coking plant and collected air samples according to the Emission Standard of Pollutants for Coking Chemical Industry(GB16171-2012).Using gas chromatographymass spectrometry method,we analyzed the VOCs in the air samples,and applied maximum increment reactivity(MIR) rule to estimate ozone formation potential(OFP) of the VOCs emitted from the coke production.More than 90 VOCs species were detected from the coking plant,including alkanes,alkenes,alkynes,aromatic hydrocarbons,halogenated hydrocarbons and oxygenated VOCs.The concentrations of VOCs(p(VOCs)) generated at different stages of the coking process are significantly different.p(VOCs) from coke oven chimney had the highest concentration(87.1 mg/m3),followed by coke pushing(4.0 mg/m3),coal charging(3.3 mg/m3) and coke oven tops(1.1 mg/m3).VOCs species emitted from the coke production processes were dominated by alkanes and alkenes,but the composition proportions were different at the different stages.Alkenes were the most abundant emission species in flue gases of the coke oven chimney accounting for up to 66% of the total VOCs,while the VOCs emissions from coke pushing and coal charging were dominated by alkanes(36% and 42%,respectively),and the alkanes and alkenes emitted from coke oven top were similar(31% and 29%,respectively).Based on above results,reduction of VOCs emissions from coke oven chimney flue gases is suggested to be an effective measure,especially for alkenes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272051,52172057,52188101 and 52002375)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2021YFA1200804)+3 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.ZDBSLYJSC027 and XDB30000000)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(Nos.2020M670812 and 2020TQ0328)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC1808013)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020B0301030002).
文摘Graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes(FTEs)are promising candidate materials for developing next-generation flexible organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).However,the quest for high-efficiency OLEDs is hindered by the low light-extraction and charge injection efficiencies of graphene electrode.Here,we combine the frustrated Lewis pair doping with nanostructure engineering to obtain high-performance graphene FTE.A p-type dopant aci-nitromethane-tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane(ANBCF)was synthesized and deposited on graphene FTE to form an aperiodic nanostructure,which not only improves the light-extraction but also stably p-dopes graphene to enhance its hole injection.The use of ANBCF-doped graphene as the anode enables high-efficiency flexible green OLEDs with external quantum efficiency(EQE)and power efficiency(PE)out-performing most flexible graphene OLEDs of comparable structure.This study provides a simple and effective pathway to fabricate high-performance graphene FTEs for efficient flexible OLEDs.
基金supported by National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control in China(No.DQGG0524)
文摘Coking industry is an important volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emission source in China,however,detailed information on VOCs emissions is lacking.Therefore,we selected a typical mechanized coking plant and collected air samples according to the Emission Standard of Pollutants for Coking Chemical Industry(GB16171-2012).Using gas chromatographymass spectrometry method,we analyzed the VOCs in the air samples,and applied maximum increment reactivity(MIR) rule to estimate ozone formation potential(OFP) of the VOCs emitted from the coke production.More than 90 VOCs species were detected from the coking plant,including alkanes,alkenes,alkynes,aromatic hydrocarbons,halogenated hydrocarbons and oxygenated VOCs.The concentrations of VOCs(p(VOCs)) generated at different stages of the coking process are significantly different.p(VOCs) from coke oven chimney had the highest concentration(87.1 mg/m3),followed by coke pushing(4.0 mg/m3),coal charging(3.3 mg/m3) and coke oven tops(1.1 mg/m3).VOCs species emitted from the coke production processes were dominated by alkanes and alkenes,but the composition proportions were different at the different stages.Alkenes were the most abundant emission species in flue gases of the coke oven chimney accounting for up to 66% of the total VOCs,while the VOCs emissions from coke pushing and coal charging were dominated by alkanes(36% and 42%,respectively),and the alkanes and alkenes emitted from coke oven top were similar(31% and 29%,respectively).Based on above results,reduction of VOCs emissions from coke oven chimney flue gases is suggested to be an effective measure,especially for alkenes.
