Hybrid simulation of q=1 high-order harmonics driven by passing energetic particles in tokamak plasmas

High-order harmonics q(ψ_(s))=1 energetic particle modes(EPMs)have been observed in toroidal plasmas experiments with neutral beam injection.To investigate these phenomena,linear properties and nonlinear dynamics of these EPMs driven by passing energetic particles(EPs)are studied via the global hybrid kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic code M3D-K.Simulation results demonstrate that passing EPs'effects on high mode-number harmonics(q(ψ_(s))=m/n=2/2,3/3,4/4)instability are more obvious than the q(ψ_(s))=1/1 mode,especially when q-profile is sufficiently flat in the core region.Furthermore,the effects of the pitch angleΛ_0 and beam ion pressure P_(hot)/P_(total)on the features of high n components are also analyzed specifically.It is found that there exists only one resonant condition for these EPMs.In the nonlinear phase,these high mode-number harmonics can induce significant energetic ions redistribution and chirping up phenomena,which differs from the classical fishbone excited by passing EPs.These discoveries are conducive to better apprehend the underlying physical mechanisms of the highorder harmonics driven by passing EPs.

水痘的预防与监控措施分析

目的研究水痘患儿实施预防与监控的临床价值。方法纳入本院(2017年4月-2018年4月)门诊接收的水痘患儿(n=84)作为研究对象,以随机表抽签法为基准,分为实验组(n=42,实施针对性预防)、对照组(n=42,实施常规疾病预防),对84例患儿临床症状消失时间、并发症发生率、生活质量评估。结果临床症状消失时间:实验组临床症状消失时间低于对照组(P<0.05)。并发症发生率:实验组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。生活质量:实验组生活质量高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论水痘患儿实施预防与监控的临床价值显著,既可缩短临床症状消失时间,又可降低并发症发生率,值得借鉴。

Double-null divertor configuration discharge and disruptive heat flux simulation using TSC on EAST

The tokamak simulation code （TSC） is employed to simulate the complete evolution of a disruptive discharge in the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak. The multiplication factor of the anomalous transport coefficient was adjusted to model the major disruptive discharge with double-null divertor configuration based on shot 61 916. The real-time feed-back control system for the plasma displacement was employed. Modeling results of the evolution of the poloidal field coil currents, the plasma current, the major radius, the plasma configuration all show agreement with experimental measurements. Results from the simulation show that during disruption, heat flux about 8 MW m-2 flows to the upper divertor target plate and about 6 MW m-2 flows to the lower divertor target plate. Computations predict that different amounts of heat fluxes on the divertor target plate could result by adjusting the multiplication factor of the anomalous transport coefficient. This shows that TSC has high flexibility and predictability.

溶解润湿动力学的物理力学

溶解润湿涉及润湿、扩散及对流多个复杂的物理过程.本文采用物理力学方法研究了溶解润湿的动态过程,分析了溶质粒子进入液体内部对于液滴铺展、溶剂结构以及液滴内部流场造成的影响,结合理论得到了溶解润湿过程中的标度律.研究结果表明在液滴铺展前期界面张力驱动占主导,标度关系满足Tanner律.随着溶解的进行,溶质粒子进入液滴内部一方面造成溶剂分子结构的变化,另一方面浓度梯度的存在加快了液滴的铺展速度并改变了液滴内部的流场,且液滴内部流场中有无对流对于液滴铺展标度律会产生显著的影响.因此,溶解润湿对于液滴的内部结构、流场及铺展过程都会产生重要的影响,其研究对于理解、控制和优化涉及溶解润湿的实际问题具有十分重要的意义.

Curative effect of scraping therapies on lumbar muscle strain

OBJECTIVE:To explore factors influencing the curative effect of scraping therapies (at acupoints or along channels) and to determine the relationship of scraping site and strength to curative effect. METHODS: Two hundred and ten patients with lumbar muscle strain were divided into five groups with 42 patients each.The "scraping therapy at acupoint until appearance of skin eruptions" and "scraping therapy along channel until appearance of skin eruptions" groups were treated with a 4-daycourse. The "scraping therapy at acupoint without appearance of skin eruptions", "scraping therapy along channel without appearance of skin eruptions", and acupuncture groups were treated with a 2-day course.The five groups were treated with seven courses. The visual analog scale (VAS), oswestry disability index (ODI), and lumbago scores were recorded in the five groups before treatment, after each treatment, and in follow-up visits one month and three months after treatment. RESULTS: VAS, ODI, and lumbago scores after treatment improved in the five groups (P<0.01). There was a statistical difference (P<0.01) in the change of VAS scores by appearance of skin eruptions and scraping site. CONCLUSION: Scraping therapy can effectively alleviate lumbago symptoms. The appearance of skin eruptions and scraping therapy along channels can enhance the curative effect of scraping therapy.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Lemyra melli(Daniel) (Lepidoptera:Erebidae) and a comparative analysis within the Noctuoidea

To explore the evolutionary relationships of Noctuoidea, the complete mitochondrial genome of Lemyra melli （Daniel） was sequenced and annotated. It was 15 418 bp in size, including 37 genes and one AT-rich region. The nucleotide composition was biased towards A＋T （78.67%）. Most of the protein-coding genes are initiated by typical ATN codons, except for coxI, which uses a CGA. Nine are terminated with TAA or TAG, whereas four genes, cox1, cox11, nad4 and nad6, harbor incomplete termination codons of a single T. All of the tRNA genes have the typical clover-leaf structure, except trnS （AGN）. The A＋T-rich region is 338 bp, with a 93.38% AT content and several conserved structures, including a ATAGA ＋ poly T stretch, ATTTA ＋ （AT）n, a poly（A）, stem-and-loop structure with 5＇ flanking ＂TATA＂ and 3＇ flanking ＂GAAT＂ motifs and tandem-repeated elements. The phylogenetic relationship among the superfamily Noctuoidea is [Notodontidae ＋ （Erebidae ＋ （Nolidae ＋ （Euteliidae ＋ Noctuidae）））], and inside family Erebidae is [Arctiinae ＋ （Aganainae ＋ Lymantriidae）].

Solute transport and interface evolution in dissolutive wetting

Dissolutive wetting, i.e., droplet wetting on dissolvable surfaces, is essential for various natural phenomena and industrial applications such as the formation of sinkholes, enhancing shale gas recovery, drug design, MEMS, and so on. It is difficult to predict the evolution of concentration field and solid-liquid interface owing to the coupled effects of wetting, diffusion, and convection. This study makes substantial progress by proposing a new theory based on Onsager’s variational principle and finding two modes of solute transport, i.e., shifting and lifting modes. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of wetting and dissolution coupling on the interface shape using a phase diagram. Using our theory, we can predict and inversely predict the interface evolution.