In this paper, near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent Zn3Ga2Ge2O10:Cr3?(ZGG) nanoparticles with diameters of 30–100 nm and bright luminescence were prepared by a sol–gel synthesis method. After the surf...In this paper, near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent Zn3Ga2Ge2O10:Cr3?(ZGG) nanoparticles with diameters of 30–100 nm and bright luminescence were prepared by a sol–gel synthesis method. After the surface amination, the nanoparticles were further bioconjugated with breast cancer-specific monoclonal antibody(anti-Ep CAM) to form ZGG-Ep CAM nanoprobes which can specifically target breast cancer cell lines(MCF7) in vitro. The results of in vitro images show that the luminescence signals from the cells treated with ZGG-Ep CAM nanoprobes are stronger than those from cells treated with ZGG-unconjugated antibody, indicating that the prepared ZGG-Ep CAM nanoprobes possessed excellent specific recognition capability. Furthermore, due to their long afterglow properties, the imaging could persist more than 1 h. Therefore, these nanoprobes could not only provide a high specificity detection method for cancer cells but also realize the long-time monitoring. Developed near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent nanoprobes will be expected to find new perspectives for cell therapy research and diagnosis applications.展开更多
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the CT and pathology features of pulmonary lymphoma and to improve the understanding of this disease. Methods: The CT findings of 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma were r...Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the CT and pathology features of pulmonary lymphoma and to improve the understanding of this disease. Methods: The CT findings of 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed and correlated with histopathology. Results: Of the 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma, there were Hodgkin lymphoma (5 cases) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (18 cases). Multiple lesions were assessed in 16 cases and single lesion in 7 cases. The imaging findings were classified into 3 types: lobar and segmental involvement type (9/23 cases, 39.13%), nodular or mass-like involvement type (8/23 cases, 34.78%) and mixed type (6/23 cases, 26.09%). Air bronchogram sign (14/23 cases, 60.8%), CT angiogram sign (12/23 cases, 52.17%), ground glass opacity nodules (3/23 cases, 13.04%) and lesion across pulmonary lobes (4/23,17.39%) were the characteristic features of pulmonary lymphoma. Conclusion: Relative characteristic CT features of pulmonary lymphoma could be revealed, which shows clinical significance in the diagnosis of the disease.展开更多
Normal aging is a process that involves loss of functional reserve of most organ systems of the human body, most significantly: cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal and nervous systems. Advancements in both surgery and an...Normal aging is a process that involves loss of functional reserve of most organ systems of the human body, most significantly: cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal and nervous systems. Advancements in both surgery and anesthesia have made it possible to operate more safely on the elderly population and those older patients with multiple severe co-morbidities that were not routinely possible in the recent past. Regional anesthesiologist have proven to be instrumental in this regard as regional anesthetic/analgesic techniques may now permit surgeons to operate on the elderly who were not ideal surgical candidates or unable to tolerate general anesthesia. In addition, regional techniques provide alternatives that may optimize acute pain control and reduce the incidence of devastating side effects during the perioperative period such as: myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, and also increases the opportunity to allow for early ambulation and shorter hospital stays. These anesthetic options now provide the elderly patient with better medical care alternatives, but also can show a significant financial impact on health care system resources. Further understanding on aging molecular biology, physiology and pathophysiology, together with technical improvements of regional anesthetic techniques will continue to make it safer and more efficacious to operate on the elderly population with evidence of reduced morbidity and mortality. Although there is only anecdotal evidence that regional anesthesia(RA) improves survival, there is little doubt that RA plays an important role in perioperative optimization of pain control and decreases pain management complications as well as a reduction in healthcare costs. Beyond traditional operating rooms, elderly patients may increasingly benefit from RA and acute pain management in Emergency Rooms, medical clinics and even within a patient's home. Therefore, the focus of this review is directed toward geriatric patients and beneficial effects of RA on outcomes in the elderly.展开更多
Gasification technology can effectively realize energy recovery from municipal solid waste(MSW)to reduce its negative impact on the environment.However,ammonia,as a pollutant derived from MSW gasification,needs to be ...Gasification technology can effectively realize energy recovery from municipal solid waste(MSW)to reduce its negative impact on the environment.However,ammonia,as a pollutant derived from MSW gasification,needs to be treated because its emission is considered harmful to mankind.This work aims to decompose the NH3 pollutant from MSW gasification by an in-situ catalytic method.The MSW sample is composed of rice,paper,polystyrene granules,rubber gloves,textile and wood chips.Ni–M(M=Co,Fe,Zn)bimetallic catalysts supported on sewage sludge-derived biochar(SSC)were prepared by co-impregnation method and further characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 isothermal adsorption,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and NH3 temperature programmed desorption.Prior to the experiments,the catalysts were first homogeneously mixed with the MSW sample,and then in-situ catalytic tests were conducted in a horizontal fixed-bed reactor.The effect of the second metal(Co,Fe,Zn)on the catalytic performance was compared to screen the best Ni-M dual.It was found that the Ni–Co/SSC catalyst had the best activity toward NH3 decomposition,whose decomposition rate reached 40.21%at 650℃.The best catalytic performance of Ni–Co/SSC can be explained by its smaller Ni particle size that facilitates the dispersion of active sites as well as the addition of Co reducing the energy barrier for the associative decomposition of NH species during the NH3 decomposition process.Besides,the activity of Ni–Co/SSC increased from 450℃to 700℃as the NH3 decomposition reaction was endothermic.展开更多
A series of breakthroughs have been made in the understanding, evaluation, and exploration of shale gas from discovery, environmental protection to efficient exploration in the discovering of Fuling Gas Field. By reve...A series of breakthroughs have been made in the understanding, evaluation, and exploration of shale gas from discovery, environmental protection to efficient exploration in the discovering of Fuling Gas Field. By revealing the positive correlation between organic carbon content and siliceous mineral content of shale deposited in deep shelf, dynamic preservation mechanism of “early retention and late deformation,”it is clarified that the shales deposited in deep shelf are the most favorable for shale gas generation, storage and fracturing. The preser-ving conditions determine the levels of shale gas accumulation, thus the evaluation concept of taking the quality of the shale as the base and the preserving conditions as key is proposed, the evaluation system for strategic selection of favorable zones is established for marine shale gas exploration in Southern China. Moreover, the “sweet point” seismic forecasting technologies for marine shale gas, the “six properties” logging technologies for evaluating shale gas layers, the technologies for quick and efficient drilling of horizontal well groups, and the fracturing technologies for composite fractures for hor-izontal wells are invented. The paper discussed the exploration prospect of shale gas in the shales of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in great depth in Sichuan Basin, shale gas exploration in the outer region of the south, and continental shale gas exploration in China.展开更多
The global water scarcity and deteriorating environment call for the development of environmentally friendly water treatment technologies.Solar-driven evaporation,well-known as a critical step of water cycles,provides...The global water scarcity and deteriorating environment call for the development of environmentally friendly water treatment technologies.Solar-driven evaporation,well-known as a critical step of water cycles,provides a natural inspiration for water treatment and purification with a minimized carbon footprint.The emergence of interfacial solar vapor generation enabled through carefully tailored materials design in recent years offers an effective approach to enhance solar evaporation,with unique thermodynamic and kinetic advantages.Thermodynamically,by localizing absorbed solar energy at the water surface to avoid thermal dissipation into the entire body of water,high solar vapor transfer efficiency can be achieved.Kinetically,because of reduced thermal mass,a short response time of vapor generation and fast ramping of vapor temperature can be expected.In this perspective review,we start by exhibiting the structural designs of interfacial solar vapor generators to improve the energy transfer efficiency and evaporation rate:first,tuning optical structures to improve the light absorption;second,designing a two-dimensional water path and bioinspired structures to reduce the heat loss;third,harvesting environmental energy as an extra energy input to further increase the evaporation rate.Then,we demonstrate the intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic advantages of interfacial solar evaporation for various applications.On the thermodynamic side,low energy loss and a high evaporation rate enable effective desalination and water treatment.While on the kinetic side,quick-response and high-temperature steam generation has direct implications in fields like sterilization and power generation.In the end,we briefly conclude the main challenges in fundamental and technical aspects as well as discuss various promising pathways for future development.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project in Xiamen(3502Z20132012)the Xiamen Southern Oceanographic Center(14GYY008NF08)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2011J01220)the Major Program of Department of Science and Technology(2012Y4009)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Xiamen(3502Z20123036)
文摘In this paper, near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent Zn3Ga2Ge2O10:Cr3?(ZGG) nanoparticles with diameters of 30–100 nm and bright luminescence were prepared by a sol–gel synthesis method. After the surface amination, the nanoparticles were further bioconjugated with breast cancer-specific monoclonal antibody(anti-Ep CAM) to form ZGG-Ep CAM nanoprobes which can specifically target breast cancer cell lines(MCF7) in vitro. The results of in vitro images show that the luminescence signals from the cells treated with ZGG-Ep CAM nanoprobes are stronger than those from cells treated with ZGG-unconjugated antibody, indicating that the prepared ZGG-Ep CAM nanoprobes possessed excellent specific recognition capability. Furthermore, due to their long afterglow properties, the imaging could persist more than 1 h. Therefore, these nanoprobes could not only provide a high specificity detection method for cancer cells but also realize the long-time monitoring. Developed near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent nanoprobes will be expected to find new perspectives for cell therapy research and diagnosis applications.
文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the CT and pathology features of pulmonary lymphoma and to improve the understanding of this disease. Methods: The CT findings of 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed and correlated with histopathology. Results: Of the 23 cases with pulmonary lymphoma, there were Hodgkin lymphoma (5 cases) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (18 cases). Multiple lesions were assessed in 16 cases and single lesion in 7 cases. The imaging findings were classified into 3 types: lobar and segmental involvement type (9/23 cases, 39.13%), nodular or mass-like involvement type (8/23 cases, 34.78%) and mixed type (6/23 cases, 26.09%). Air bronchogram sign (14/23 cases, 60.8%), CT angiogram sign (12/23 cases, 52.17%), ground glass opacity nodules (3/23 cases, 13.04%) and lesion across pulmonary lobes (4/23,17.39%) were the characteristic features of pulmonary lymphoma. Conclusion: Relative characteristic CT features of pulmonary lymphoma could be revealed, which shows clinical significance in the diagnosis of the disease.
文摘Normal aging is a process that involves loss of functional reserve of most organ systems of the human body, most significantly: cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal and nervous systems. Advancements in both surgery and anesthesia have made it possible to operate more safely on the elderly population and those older patients with multiple severe co-morbidities that were not routinely possible in the recent past. Regional anesthesiologist have proven to be instrumental in this regard as regional anesthetic/analgesic techniques may now permit surgeons to operate on the elderly who were not ideal surgical candidates or unable to tolerate general anesthesia. In addition, regional techniques provide alternatives that may optimize acute pain control and reduce the incidence of devastating side effects during the perioperative period such as: myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, pneumonia, and also increases the opportunity to allow for early ambulation and shorter hospital stays. These anesthetic options now provide the elderly patient with better medical care alternatives, but also can show a significant financial impact on health care system resources. Further understanding on aging molecular biology, physiology and pathophysiology, together with technical improvements of regional anesthetic techniques will continue to make it safer and more efficacious to operate on the elderly population with evidence of reduced morbidity and mortality. Although there is only anecdotal evidence that regional anesthesia(RA) improves survival, there is little doubt that RA plays an important role in perioperative optimization of pain control and decreases pain management complications as well as a reduction in healthcare costs. Beyond traditional operating rooms, elderly patients may increasingly benefit from RA and acute pain management in Emergency Rooms, medical clinics and even within a patient's home. Therefore, the focus of this review is directed toward geriatric patients and beneficial effects of RA on outcomes in the elderly.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1906803)Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2021701).
文摘Gasification technology can effectively realize energy recovery from municipal solid waste(MSW)to reduce its negative impact on the environment.However,ammonia,as a pollutant derived from MSW gasification,needs to be treated because its emission is considered harmful to mankind.This work aims to decompose the NH3 pollutant from MSW gasification by an in-situ catalytic method.The MSW sample is composed of rice,paper,polystyrene granules,rubber gloves,textile and wood chips.Ni–M(M=Co,Fe,Zn)bimetallic catalysts supported on sewage sludge-derived biochar(SSC)were prepared by co-impregnation method and further characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 isothermal adsorption,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and NH3 temperature programmed desorption.Prior to the experiments,the catalysts were first homogeneously mixed with the MSW sample,and then in-situ catalytic tests were conducted in a horizontal fixed-bed reactor.The effect of the second metal(Co,Fe,Zn)on the catalytic performance was compared to screen the best Ni-M dual.It was found that the Ni–Co/SSC catalyst had the best activity toward NH3 decomposition,whose decomposition rate reached 40.21%at 650℃.The best catalytic performance of Ni–Co/SSC can be explained by its smaller Ni particle size that facilitates the dispersion of active sites as well as the addition of Co reducing the energy barrier for the associative decomposition of NH species during the NH3 decomposition process.Besides,the activity of Ni–Co/SSC increased from 450℃to 700℃as the NH3 decomposition reaction was endothermic.
文摘A series of breakthroughs have been made in the understanding, evaluation, and exploration of shale gas from discovery, environmental protection to efficient exploration in the discovering of Fuling Gas Field. By revealing the positive correlation between organic carbon content and siliceous mineral content of shale deposited in deep shelf, dynamic preservation mechanism of “early retention and late deformation,”it is clarified that the shales deposited in deep shelf are the most favorable for shale gas generation, storage and fracturing. The preser-ving conditions determine the levels of shale gas accumulation, thus the evaluation concept of taking the quality of the shale as the base and the preserving conditions as key is proposed, the evaluation system for strategic selection of favorable zones is established for marine shale gas exploration in Southern China. Moreover, the “sweet point” seismic forecasting technologies for marine shale gas, the “six properties” logging technologies for evaluating shale gas layers, the technologies for quick and efficient drilling of horizontal well groups, and the fracturing technologies for composite fractures for hor-izontal wells are invented. The paper discussed the exploration prospect of shale gas in the shales of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in great depth in Sichuan Basin, shale gas exploration in the outer region of the south, and continental shale gas exploration in China.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Programme of China(2022YFA1404704 and 2020YFA0406104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002168,12022403,11874211,62134009,62121005,and 61735008)+2 种基金Excellent Research Programme of Nanjing University(ZYJH005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(021314380184,021314380208,021314380190,021314380140,and 021314380150)State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies(Wuhan Textile University,No.FZ2022011).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0205700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12022403,51925204,11874211,61735008,52002168)the Program for Innovative Talents and Entrepreneur in Jiangsu Province,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.021314380150,021314380140).
文摘The global water scarcity and deteriorating environment call for the development of environmentally friendly water treatment technologies.Solar-driven evaporation,well-known as a critical step of water cycles,provides a natural inspiration for water treatment and purification with a minimized carbon footprint.The emergence of interfacial solar vapor generation enabled through carefully tailored materials design in recent years offers an effective approach to enhance solar evaporation,with unique thermodynamic and kinetic advantages.Thermodynamically,by localizing absorbed solar energy at the water surface to avoid thermal dissipation into the entire body of water,high solar vapor transfer efficiency can be achieved.Kinetically,because of reduced thermal mass,a short response time of vapor generation and fast ramping of vapor temperature can be expected.In this perspective review,we start by exhibiting the structural designs of interfacial solar vapor generators to improve the energy transfer efficiency and evaporation rate:first,tuning optical structures to improve the light absorption;second,designing a two-dimensional water path and bioinspired structures to reduce the heat loss;third,harvesting environmental energy as an extra energy input to further increase the evaporation rate.Then,we demonstrate the intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic advantages of interfacial solar evaporation for various applications.On the thermodynamic side,low energy loss and a high evaporation rate enable effective desalination and water treatment.While on the kinetic side,quick-response and high-temperature steam generation has direct implications in fields like sterilization and power generation.In the end,we briefly conclude the main challenges in fundamental and technical aspects as well as discuss various promising pathways for future development.