The high-quality Pinellia pedatisecta genome reveals a key role of tandem duplication in the expansion of its agglutinin genes

Dear Editor,Pinellia Tenore,a small genus of the monocot family Araceae,consists of only nine perennial herbaceous species and is mainly distributed in East Asia[1].Pinellia plants have been widely used as herbal medicines in Asia for over 2000 years.Among these species,P.ternata and P.pedatisecta are most widely used as traditional medicinal herbs[2].In China,the medicinal utilization of P.ternata and P.pedatisecta was first documented in the Divine Farmer’s Materia Medica(Chinese name:‘Shennong Bencao Jing’)during the Eastern Han dynasty(25–250 AD).Tubers produced by these plants have been traditionally utilized to treat vomiting,infection,and inf lammation[3].Modern pharmacological studies have indicated that the pharmacological effects of Pinellia plants are closely related to endogenous components,such as plant lectins,alkaloids,amino acids,nucleosides,and polysaccharides[2].P.ternata has been listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as a common traditional Chinese medicine.However,to date no genomic resources have been reported in the genus Pinellia,which greatly limits further studies on this valuable resource.

大规模铌酸锂光子集成系统的超快激光光刻研究进展

飞秒光刻辅助化学机械刻蚀技术(photolithography assisted chemo-mechanical etching,PLACE)实现了在薄膜铌酸锂(thin-film lithium niobate,TFLN)上高品质大规模光子集成电路(photonic integrated circuit,PIC)的制造,并推动了光子集成电路重大应用领域的持续发展,产生了一系列高性能PIC应用,诸如高Q微谐振器、低损耗波导、波导放大器、阵列波导光栅(arrayed waveguide grating,AWG)和电光(electro-optic,EO)可调谐/可编程光子器件等.针对PIC器件和光刻系统的大规模生产,本文介绍了一种超高速高分辨率激光光刻制造系统,采用高重复频率飞秒激光器和高速多边形激光扫描仪,可实现200 nm分辨率下4.8 cm2/h的光刻制造效率,并且展示了基于TFLN光子器件的晶圆级制造、晶圆级微电极结构等的应用.

急性胆管炎严重程度与血清标志物相关性的Meta分析

目的:分析急性胆管炎严重程度与降钙素原(PCT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)等血清标志物的相关性。方法:计算机检索PubMed、万方、中国知网数据库关于不同严重程度急性胆管炎对比的中英文文献。检索时间为数据库建库至2022年12月1日。英文检索词:acute cholangitis,procalcitonin,C-reactive protein;中文检索词:急性胆管炎、降钙素原、C-反应蛋白。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行文献质量评价,采用Revman 5.3.5软件进行Meta分析。结果:经过文献筛选及资料提取,共10篇文献、1 119例患者纳入研究。Meta分析结果显示,轻度和中度急性胆管炎患者之间PCT、CRP、WBC、Scr、ALB、INR血清标志物比较差异有统计学意义(WMD=-2.15,-3.28,-2.63,-0.09,0.46,-0.05;P<0.05);中度和重度急性胆管炎患者间PCT、CRP、Plt、Scr、INR血清标志物比较差异有统计学意义(WMD=-9.59,-1.66,80.19,-0.31,-0.27;P<0.05)。结论:急性胆管炎严重程度可根据PCT、CRP、WBC等血清标志物综合评估,其中PCT尤其适用于中度与重度患者的鉴别诊断,以尽早确定诊疗方案。

Time and phase synchronization using clutter observations in airborne distributed coherent aperture radars

Airborne Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar(ADCAR)is one of the most promising next-generation radars to significantly improve target detection and discrimination abilities.However,time and phase synchronization among unit radars should be done before an ADCAR is intended to cohere on a potential target.To address this problem,a time and phase synchronization technique using clutter observations is proposed in this paper.Clutter returns from different azimuths and elevations on the surface of the earth are employed to calibrate system uncertainties.Two stages are mainly considered:a scene registration among range-Doppler units from different transmit/receive pairs is performed to enhance the clutter coherence in the first stage,followed by a joint estimation of those synchronization errors in the second stage.To relieve the computational burden,a novel Separable and Sequential Estimation(SSE)method is provided to separate the unknowns at the sacrifice of a range-Doppler unit.Moreover,performance analyses including the clutter coherence ability,estimation lower bound,and signal coherence loss are also performed.Finally,simulation results indicate that ADCAR time and phase synchronization is realized by using our methods.

相干激发的氮分子离子中的光子存留现象

在量子光学中,量子相干性是光信息处理和光场调控的核心.碱金属蒸汽,虽然存在很多缺点,但是由于其具有易激发、偶极跃迁强和相干时间长的优点被广泛用于量子光学研究中.本文提出并实验上展示了800 nm飞秒激光相干激发的N_(2)^(+)中的光子存留现象.由于量子相干性的存在,存留在系统中的光子将在飞秒激光离开后的几十皮秒时间内持续再辐射.由于再辐射的光子较弱,难以直接测量.本文提出通过延时注入一束1580 nm的飞秒激光读取存留光子的方案.其核心思想是借助延时注入的激光与存留光子的双光子吸收,进一步激发N_(2)^(+)产生强的329.3 nm辐射.研究者也表明了N_(2)^(+)激发态布居对于信号读取的重要作用.这一新发现揭示了N_(2)^(+)中量子相干调控的物理机制,打开了在远程大气中进行光学信息存储的前景.此外,以强场电离产生的分子离子为量子系统,有利于进一步探索光与物质相互作用的基本过程.