Optimization Scheme of Integrated Community Energy Utilization System Based on Improved Sine-Cosine Algorithm

China consumes significant amount of natural gas in winter.The integrated community energy utilization system(ICEUS)cannot stabilize the output of electricity and heat if there is a shortage of natural gas.The operation cost of the system still needs improvement.An energy supply structure using garbage power as the core of ICEUS was established in the study.The optimal dispatchingmodel of ICEUS was established using the regulating characteristic of the community load.The sine-cosine algorithm(SCA)based on nonlinear factors and segmented weight was presented to solve the optimal dispatching model of ICEUS.From the simulation results,compared with particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO),SCA,exponential sinecosine algorithm(ESCA),and parabolic sine-cosine algorithm(PSCA),the daily operation cost of ICEUS was reduced by the improved SCA by 4.4%,2.9%,2.6%and 4.1%,respectively,in winter.The same was true in summer.The daily system operating cost was effectively reduced by the algorithm proposed in the study.The cost benefits of the optimized ICEUS operation was realized.

Characteristics of the Distribution of Ferritin in Epithelial Ovarian Tumor Patients: Results of a Retrospective, Observational Study

Purpose: To investigate the ferritin distribution in epithelial ovarian cancer patients according to the FIGO stage in the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Method: All ovarian cancer patients were divided into two groups according their FIGO stage. Benign ovarian tumor patients were analyzed as the control. Serum ferritin, serum iron, and other related medical index were detected by automatic instruments for all patients. In addition, ferritin heavy chain (FHC) and ferritin light chain (FLC) proteins were detected by immunohistochemical staining in 60 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and 30 benign ovarian tumor (BOT) patients, which were diagnosed in our department between 2011 and 2016. Results: The serum ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the EOC group than in the BOT group (172.56 ± 99.39 ng/mL vs 78.18 ± 43.06 ng/mL;p μmol/L vs 14.92 ± 6.36 μmol/L;p p p p p p p > 0.05). Conclusion: Patients showed an overexpression of ferritin and a downregulation of serum iron correlated with the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer, which may be a new target for diagnosis and treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer.

The Application of Quantum Dots Double-Labeling Immunofluorescence Technology in Detection of PR and CD146 in Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Sections of Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

Objective: The aim was to detect the expression of PR and CD146 in paraf-fin-embedded tissue sections of endometrioid adenocarcinoma by using QDs double-labeling immunofluorescence, and evaluate the applied value of QDs double-labeling immunofluorescence in endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Methods: To detect the expression of PR and CD146 on 140 cases of paraffin-embedded tissue sections of endometrioid adenocarcinoma by using QDS double-labeling immunofluorescence. Results: The co-expression of PR and CD146 in the endometrioid adenocarcinoma can be detected by QDs double-labeling immunofluorescence, and there was no correlation between them (P > 0.05). Conclusion: QDs double-labeling immunofluorescence can detect the localization and co-expression of PR and CD146 in the endometrioid adenocarcinoma.

Numerical analysis on combustion characteristics of hybrid rocket motor with star-tube segmented grain

A method of star-tube combined segmented grain is proposed to improve the combustion performance of hybrid rocket motor.The star-tube combined segmented grain consists of a single-port star part and a single-port tube part.A mid-chamber forms between the fore-grain and the aft-grain for better mixing effect.The single-port feature gives hybrid rocket motor several advantages,such as simple structure,high reliability,and variable combinations.This paper is mainly aimed at studying the combustion characteristics of hybrid rocket motor with star-tube segmented grain through three-dimensional steady simulations.Combustion performance of the motors with different segmented grain combinations,including fore-tube/aft-tube,fore-tube/aftstar,fore-star/aft-star and fore-star/aft-tube,is contrastively analyzed.The motor in this paper adopts polyethylene and 90%hydrogen peroxide as the propellants.Simulations reveal that segmented grain with different-type grain combinations could greatly change the flow field in the second half of the combustion chamber.Transformation of the flow field is beneficial to the mixing between the fuel and the oxidizer,and it could increase the fuel regression rate and the combustion efficiency.The turbulence effect of tube aft-grain is better than that of star aft-grain.Among the four segmented grain combinations,the combination of star fore-grain and tube aft-grain is the preferred method with optimal overall performance.This grain configuration could increase the regression rate of tube aft-grain to surpass that of star aft-grain in other combinations.Besides,hybrid rocket motor with this grain configuration achieves the highest combustion efficiency.

Effects of axial gap and nozzle distribution on aerodynamic forces of a supersonic partial-admission turbine

The turbine in an LH2/LOX rocket engine is designed as a two-stage supersonic partialadmission turbine. Three-dimensional steady and unsteady simulations were conducted to analyze turbine performance and aerodynamic forces on rotor blades. Different configurations were employed to investigate the effects of the axial gap and nozzle distribution on the predicted performance and aerodynamic forces. Rotor blades experience unsteady aerodynamic forces because of the partial admission. Aerodynamic forces show periodicity in the admission region, and are close to zero after leaving the admission region. The unsteady forces in frequency domain indicate that components exist in a wide frequency region, and the admission passing frequency is dominant.Those multiples of the rotational frequency which are multiples of the nozzle number in a fulladmission turbine are notable components. Results show that the turbine efficiency decreases as the axial gap between nozzles and the 1 st stage rotor（rotor 1） increases. Fluctuation of the circumferential aerodynamic force on rotor 1 blades decreases with the axial gap increasing. The turbine efficiency decreases as the circumferential spacing between nozzles increases. Fluctuations of the circumferential and axial aerodynamic forces increase as the circumferential spacing increases. As for the non-equidistant nozzle distribution, it produces similar turbine performance and amplitudefrequency characteristics of forces to those of the normal configuration, when the mean spacing is equal to that of the normal case.

Temperature‐dependent electric field distribution in±800 kV valve‐side bushing insulation for a converter transformer

The electric field distribution is determined for the design and long‐term performance of bushing yet gets complicated when coupled with temperature due to the highly tem-perature‐dependent conductivity of insulation.An electrothermal coupling model is established based on a�800 kV converter transformer valve‐side bushing.The measured temperature‐dependent conductivity of insulation is adopted and fitted.The electric field distribution inside a condenser core under the influence of temperature was investigated,and the related mechanism was analysed,considering the different voltage forms,loading currents,and changeable ambient conditions.The temperature gradient within the condenser core is verified,and the electric field migration is observed.It is indicated that the electric field strength shows a strong dependence on temperature and increases along the radial direction.The maximum field strength appears at the outmost shield layer under the operating voltage and the load current 4500 A,which is higher than that under the DC long‐term withstand voltage of 1455 kV without thermal stress.The increased load current,decreased oil temperature,and enhanced valve hall temperature will lead to more serious electric field distortion,and unacceptable dielectric stress may occur.More attention should be paid to the design and operation of bushing for DC applications.

Effects of ZnO magnetron sputtering on surface charge and flashover voltage of oilimpregnated paper

With the aim of exploring an alternative method of nano-doping in cellulose paper and improving flashover strength of oil-impregnated paper,radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering method is introduced into the structural modification of insulating paper for converter transformers.In this experiment,insulating paper was treated with ZnO sputtering for 0,7.5,15 and 30 min,respectively.The surface morphology of dry paper was observed with a scanning electron microscope.The bonding mode of sputtered ZnO particles with cellulose matrix was investigated via attenuated total reflection infrared(ATR-IR)spectroscopy and mechanical property of the sputtered samples were studied.Surface and volume conductivities of the oilimpregnated sputtered paper were measured.Moreover,the charge dissipation characteristics of sputtered insulating paper was investigated by means of surface potential decay.In addition,trap distribution and carrier mobility of specimen were further obtained.Finally,the DC flashover strength were tested.The results showed that ZnO magnetron sputtering had a distinct influence on the structure of the insulating paper,resulting in the formation of hydrogen bond and chemical bond and an increase of the surface and volume conductivities.ZnO sputtering was found to decrease the initial potential and accelerate charge decay.Moreover,appropriate sputtering enhanced the surface flashover strength.